Humanitext Reader

Demosthenes · Against Polycles §46-52

Refusal to Transport Callistratus and the General's Scheme

Passage 7 of 9 · Greek

Summary

The plaintiff recounts how he refused to transport the exiled Callistratus on the grounds of legality, which earned him the resentment of General Timomachus, and exposes the general's scheme to bypass the law by leasing another trireme.

§46ὡς γὰρ ἐν Θάσῳ διατριβαὶ τοῦ ναυτικοῦ ἐγίγνοντο, ἀφικνεῖται ἐκ Μεθώνης τῆς Μακεδονίας ὑπηρετικὸν εἰς Θάσον ἄγον ἄνδρα καὶ ἐπιστολὰς παρὰ Καλλιστράτου ὡς Τιμόμαχον, ἐν αἷς ἦν, ὡς ὕστερον ἐγὼ ταῦτʼ ἐπυθόμην, ἀποπέμψαι αὐτῷ τριήρη τὴν ἄριστα πλέουσαν, ἵνʼ ἀφίκηται ὡς αὐτόν.
For while the fleet was delaying in Thasos, a dispatch-boat arrived from Methone in Macedonia to Thasos, bringing a man and letters from Callistratus to Timomachus, in which was written, as I learned later, to send off to him the fastest-sailing trireme, in order that he might reach him.
εὐθὺς οὖν τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ ὑπηρέτης ἐλθὼν ἐκέλευέ με καλεῖν εἰς τὴν ναῦν τοὺς ναύτας.
Immediately then, on the next day at daybreak, the servant came and ordered me to call the sailors to the ship.
§47ἐπεὶ δὲ πλήρης ἦν, ἀναβαίνει Κάλλιππος ὁ Φίλωνος ὁ Αἰξωνεύς, καὶ φράζει πρὸς τὸν κυβερνήτην τὸν ἐπὶ Μακεδονίας πλοῦν πλεῖν.
And when the ship was fully manned, Callippus, the son of Philon, of Aegxone, embarked, and told the pilot to sail for Macedonia.
ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀφικόμεθα εἰς χωρίον τι ἐν τῇ ἀπαντικρὺ ἠπείρῳ, Θασίων ἐμπόριον, καὶ ἐκβάντες ἠριστοποιούμεθα, προσέρχεταί μοι τῶν ναυτῶν Καλλικλῆς Ἐπιτρέφους Θριάσιος, λέγων ὅτι βούλοιτό μοι διαλεχθῆναι ἐμόν τι πρᾶγμα.
And when we had arrived at a certain place on the opposite mainland, a trading-post of the Thasians, and had disembarked to take our meal, Callicles, the son of Epitrephes, of Thria, one of the sailors, approached me, saying that he wished to speak with me about a matter of my own.
κελεύσαντος δέ μου, λέγει ὅτι βούλοιτό μοι χάριν ἀποδοῦναι καθʼ ὅ τι δύναται ὧν αὐτῷ ἀπορηθέντι ἔδωκα· §48σὺ οὖν , ἔφη, τὸν πλοῦν τοῦτον οἶσθα ἐφʼ ὅ τι πλεῖς ἢ ποῖ; ἀποκριναμένου δέ μου ὅτι οὐκ εἰδείην, ἀλλʼ ἐγώ σοι , ἔφη, ἐρῶ· δεῖ γάρ σε ἀκούσαντα ὀρθῶς βουλεύσασθαι.
When I bid him speak, he said that he wished to return the favor, in so far as he was able, for the things I had given him when he was in distress; "Do you then," he said, "know for what purpose or where you are sailing on this voyage?" And when I answered that I did not know, "But I," he said, "will tell you; for you must hear and deliberate rightly.
μέλλεις γάρ , ἔφη, ἄγειν ἄνδρα φυγάδα, οὗ Ἀθηναῖοι θάνατον δὶς κατεψηφίσαντο, Καλλίστρατον ἐκ Μεθώνης εἰς Θάσον ὡς Τιμόμαχον τὸν κηδεστήν, ὡς ἐγώ , ἔφη, πέπυσμαι τῶν παίδων τῶν Καλλίππου.
For you are going," he said, "to carry an exiled man, against whom the Athenians have twice decreed the death penalty, namely Callistratus, from Methone to Thasos to his brother-in-law Timomachus, as I," he said, "have learned from the servants of Callippus.
σὺ οὖν, ἐὰν σωφρονῇς, οὐδένα τῶν φευγόντων ἐάσεις ἐπὶ τὴν ναῦν ἀναβαίνειν· οὐ γὰρ ἐῶσιν οἱ νόμοι . §49ἀκούσας δʼ ἐγὼ ταῦτα τοῦ Καλλικλέους προσέρχομαι τῷ Καλλίππῳ, καὶ ἐρωτῶ αὐτὸν ὅποι τε τὸν πλοῦν ποιεῖται καὶ ἐπὶ τίνα.
If therefore you are wise, you will allow none of the exiles to embark upon the ship; for the laws do not permit it." When I heard this from Callicles, I approached Callippus, and asked him where he was making the voyage and for whom.
διαχλευάσαντος δʼ αὐτοῦ με καὶ ἀπειλήσαντος ἃ οὐδʼ ἂν ὑμεῖς ἀγνοήσαιτε (τοῦ γὰρ τρόπου τοῦ Καλλίππου οὐκ ἀπείρως ἔχετε), λέγω αὐτῷ ὅτι ἀκούω σε πλεῖν ἐπὶ Καλλίστρατον.
And when he mocked me and threatened me with things that even you would not be ignorant of (for you are not unacquainted with the character of Callippus), I said to him: "I hear that you are sailing for Callistratus.
ἐγὼ οὖν τῶν φευγόντων οὐδένα ἄξω, οὐδὲ πλεύσομαι ἐπʼ αὐτόν· οἱ γὰρ νόμοι οὐκ ἐῶσιν ὑποδέχεσθαι τῶν φευγόντων οὐδένα, ἢ ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς κελεύουσιν ἐνέχεσθαι τὸν ὑποδεχόμενον τοὺς φεύγοντας.
I, therefore, will carry none of the exiles, nor will I sail for him; for the laws do not permit anyone to harbor exiles, or else they command that the one harboring the exiles be subject to the same penalties.
ἀποπλεύσομαι οὖν πάλιν ὡς τὸν στρατηγὸν εἰς Θάσον. §50καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἐνέβησαν οἱ ναῦται, λέγω τῷ κυβερνήτῃ ἀποπλεῖν εἰς τὴν Θάσον.
I will, therefore, sail back to the general in Thasos." And when the sailors had embarked, I told the pilot to sail back to Thasos.
ἀντιλέγοντος δὲ τοῦ Καλλίππου καὶ κελεύοντος πλεῖν εἰς τὴν Μακεδονίαν, οἷ προσέταξεν ὁ στρατηγός, ἀποκρίνεται αὐτῷ Ποσείδιππος ὁ κυβερνήτης ὅτι τριήραρχός τε ἐγὼ τῆς νεὼς εἴην καὶ ὑπεύθυνος, καὶ τὸν μισθὸν παρʼ ἐμοῦ λαμβάνοι· πλεύσοιτο οὖν οἷ ἐγὼ κελεύω, εἰς Θάσον ὡς τὸν στρατηγόν.
But when Callippus opposed this and ordered him to sail to Macedonia, where the general had commanded, Poseidippus the pilot answered him that I was the trierarch of the ship and responsible for it, and that he received his pay from me; he would therefore sail where I commanded, to Thasos to the general.
§51ἀφικομένων δʼ ἡμῶν τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ εἰς τὴν Θάσον, μεταπέμπεταί με ὁ Τιμόμαχος, οὗ κατήγετο ἔξω τείχους.
And when we arrived at Thasos on the next day, Timomachus sent for me from where he was staying outside the wall.
φοβούμενος δʼ ἐγὼ μὴ δεθείην διαβληθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ Καλλίππου, αὐτὸς μὲν οὐχ ὑπακούω, ἀλλὰ λέγω τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ ὅτι εἴ τι βούλοιτό μοι διαλέγεσθαι, ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ ἔσομαι, τὸν δὲ παῖδα συμπέμπω αὐτῷ, ἵνʼ εἴ τί μοι προστάττοι, ἀκούσας ἀπαγγείλαι μοι.
But fearing that I might be imprisoned, having been slandered by Callippus, I did not obey in person, but said to the servant that if he wished to speak with me, I would be in the marketplace; and I sent my servant-boy along with him, so that if he should command me anything, he might hear and report it to me.
§52διὰ μὲν ταύτας τὰς αἰτίας, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ἃς εἴρηκα πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ὁ Τιμόμαχος οὐκ ἠνάγκαζε παραλαμβάνειν τοῦτον τὴν ναῦν, ἔτι δὲ καὶ βουλόμενος αὐτὸς χρῆσθαι τῇ νηὶ ὡς ἄριστα πλεούσῃ.
It was for these reasons, men of the jury, which I have told you, that Timomachus did not compel this man to take over the ship, and also because he himself wished to make use of the ship as it was the fastest-sailing one.
τὴν μὲν γὰρ Θρασυλόχου τοῦ Ἀναγυρασίου τριήρη, ἐφʼ ἧς αὐτὸς ἔπλει, τὸν Θρασύλοχον τῷ Καλλίππῳ μισθῶσαι τὴν τριηραρχίαν ἔπεισεν, ἵνʼ αὐτοκράτωρ ὢν ὁ Κάλλιππος τῆς νεὼς ἄγοι τὸν Καλλίστρατον· αὐτὸς δʼ ἀναβὰς ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμὴν ναῦν περιέπλει πανταχοῖ, ἕως ἀφίκετο εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον.
For as to the trireme of Thrasylochus of Anagyrus, on which he himself was sailing, he persuaded Thrasylochus to lease the trierarchy to Callippus, so that Callippus, having full authority over the ship, might carry Callistratus; and he himself, embarking upon my ship, sailed around everywhere until he arrived at the Hellespont.

Notes

  1. §46ἐν αἷς ἦν ... ἀποπέμψαι — The infinitive `ἀποπέμψαι` functions as the subject of `ἦν` ("there was [an instruction] in them to send off"), expressing the content of the letter as an indirect command.
  2. §47ὧν αὐτῷ ἀπορηθέντι ἔδωκα — The relative pronoun `ὧν` has attracted into the genitive case from the accusative `ἃ` after the omitted antecedent `ἐκείνων`. `ἀπορηθέντι` is a temporal participle agreeing with the dative `αὐτῷ` ("when he was in distress").
  3. §48οὗ Ἀθηναῖοι θάνατον δὶς κατεψηφίσαντο — The verb of condemning `καταψηφίζομαι` takes the genitive of the person condemned (`οὗ`) and the accusative of the penalty (`θάνατον`).
  4. §49ἃ οὐδʼ ἂν ὑμεῖς ἀγνοήσαιτε — The combination of the particle `ἄν` with the optative `ἀγνοήσαιτε` is a potential optative, expressing what is likely or expected in the present ("which not even you would be ignorant of").
  5. §52μισθῶσαι τὴν τριηραρχίαν ἔπεισεν — The active voice `μισθόω` means "to let out on hire" (to lease), as opposed to the middle `μισθόομαι` "to hire for oneself." Here it refers to persuading Thrasylochus to lease his trierarchy to Callippus.

Cite this passage

Demosthenes, Against Polycles §46-52. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0014.tlg050.humanitext-grc2:46-52

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