Humanitext Reader

Demosthenes · Against Polycles §37-45

Polycles' Excuses and the General's Corruption

Passage 6 of 9 · Greek

Summary

Apollodorus explains how Polycles refused to take over the trireme by citing the absence of his co-trierarch, compares his behavior with a contrastive law-abiding precedent (Mnesilochus), and reveals General Timomachus's corrupt motives (such as borrowing money) for not forcing Polycles to take over.

§37λέγοντος δέ μου ταῦτα, ἀποκρίνεταί μοι ὅτι ὁ συντριήραρχος αὐτῷ οὐχ ἥκοι ἐπὶ τὴν ναῦν· οὔκουν παραλήψομαι μόνος τὴν τριήρη. ὡς οὖν ἀληθῆ ταῦτα λέγω πρὸς ὑμᾶς, καὶ ἐν μὲν τῇ ἀγορᾷ ἀπεκρίνατό μοι τὰ πρότερον, ὅτι οὐδὲν αὐτῷ μέλοι ὧν λέγοιμι, ἐν δὲ τῇ οἰκίᾳ οὗ ὁ Τιμόμαχος κατήγετο, ὅτι μόνος οὐ παραλήψεται τὴν ναῦν, τούτων ὑμῖν ἀναγνώσεται τὰς μαρτυρίας.
And when I said these things, he answered me that his co-trierarch had not arrived for him at the ship; "therefore I will not take over the trireme alone." In order, then, that you may know that I am speaking the truth to you, both that in the marketplace he answered me previously that he cared nothing for what I said, and in the house where Timomachus was staying, that he would not take over the ship alone, he shall read you the depositions concerning these things.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑΙ.
DEPOSITIONS.
§38μετὰ ταῦτα τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ὡς οὔτε οὗτος ἤθελέ μοι τὴν ναῦν διαδέχεσθαι, οὔτε τὰ ἀναλώματα ἀπεδίδου τοῦ ἐπιτετριηραρχημένου χρόνου, ὅ τε στρατηγὸς προσέταττέ μοι ἀνάγεσθαι, προσελθὼν αὐτῷ ἐν Θάσῳ ἐν τῷ λιμένι ἐναντίον τοῦ στρατηγοῦ, πλήρους οὔσης τῆς τριήρους, ἔλεγον ἃ δίκαια μὲν οὐκ ἦν, ἀλλὰ πλεονεκτήματα τούτου, ἀναγκαῖα δέ μοι ἐκ τῶν παρόντων εἰπεῖν, ἐπειδή σοι φής, §39ὦ Πολύκλεις, τὸν συντριήραρχον οὐχ ἥκειν, τοῦ μὲν ἐπιτετριηραρχημένου χρόνου ἐκεῖνον ἐγὼ πράξομαι τὰ ἀναλώματα, ἂν δύνωμαι, τῶν τεττάρων μηνῶν·
After this, therefore, men of the jury, since this man was neither willing to succeed me in the ship, nor was he paying back the expenses of the supernumerary time, and the general ordered me to put out to sea, I approached him in the harbor of Thasos in the presence of the general, the trireme being fully manned, and said what was not indeed just, but rather a concession to him, but necessary for me to say under the circumstances: "Since you say, Polycles, that your co-trierarch has not arrived, I will recover the expenses of the supernumerary time, the four months, from him if I can; but do you, taking over the ship, first serve as trierarch for your own period, the six months; then, if your co-trierarch comes to you during this time, you shall hand it over after serving; but if not, you will suffer nothing terrible by serving as supernumerary trierarch for two months.
σὺ δὲ παραλαβὼν τὴν ναῦν πρῶτον μὲν τὸν ὑπὲρ σεαυτοῦ χρόνον τριηράρχησον, τοὺς ἓξ μῆνας· ἔπειτʼ ἐὰν μέν σοι ἔλθῃ ἐν τούτῳ ὁ συντριήραρχος, ἐκείνῳ παραδώσεις λῃτουργήσας, ἐὰν δὲ μή, οὐδὲν δεινὸν πείσει δύο μῆνας ἐπιτριηραρχήσας. §40ἢ ἐγὼ μὲν ὁ τόν τε ὑπὲρ ἐμαυτοῦ χρόνον καὶ τοῦ συντριηράρχου λελῃτουργηκὼς ἐπετριηράρχησα ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, σὺ δʼ οὐδὲν ἀνηλωκὼς οὐκ ἀξιοῖς οὐδὲ τὸν ὑπὲρ σεαυτοῦ χρόνον, παραλαβὼν τὴν ναῦν, λῃτουργῆσαι, οὐδὲ τὰ ἀναλώματʼ ἀποδοῦναι; λέγοντος δέ μου ταῦτα, ἀπεκρίνατό μοι ὅτι μύθους λέγοιμι.
Or am I, who have performed the liturgy for both my own time and that of my co-trierarch, to serve as supernumerary trierarch for you, while you, having spent nothing, do not think it right, upon taking over the ship, even to serve for your own time, nor to pay back the expenses?" And when I said these things, he answered me that I was talking nonsense.
ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς ἐμβαίνειν με ἐκέλευεν εἰς τὴν ναῦν καὶ ἀνάγεσθαι μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ.
And the general ordered me to embark upon the ship and put out to sea with him.
ὡς οὖν ταῦτʼ ἀπεκρίνατο, ἀνάγνωθί μοι τὴν μαρτυρίαν.
In order, then, that you may know that he answered these things, read me the deposition.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ.
DEPOSITION.
§41βούλομαι δʼ ὑμῖν καὶ τεκμήριόν τι εἰπεῖν, ἵνʼ εἰδῆτε ὅτι περιφανῶς ἠδίκημαι.
And I wish also to tell you a piece of evidence, so that you may know that I have been flagrantly wronged.
Ἁγνίᾳ γὰρ καὶ Πραξικλεῖ ὑπὸ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον κατέστησαν διάδοχοι Μνησίλοχός τε ὁ Περιθοίδης καὶ Φρασιηρίδης ὁ Ἀναφλύστιος.
For Hagnias and Praxicles had successors appointed at the same time, Mnesilochus of Perithoidae and Phrasierides of Anaphlystus.
οὐκ ἀφικομένου δὲ τοῦ Φρασιηρίδου ἐπὶ τὴν ναῦν, ὁ Μνησίλοχος ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν Θάσον παρέλαβέ τε παρὰ τοῦ Ἁγνίου τὴν τριήρη, §42καὶ τὸ ἐπιτριηράρχημα ἀπέδωκεν τῷ Ἁγνίᾳ τοῦ χρόνου οὗ ἐπανήλωσεν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν, ὅσον ἔπεισεν, καὶ τὰ σκεύη παρὰ τοῦ Ἁγνίου ἐμισθώσατο, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐτριηράρχει.
And since Phrasierides did not arrive at the ship, Mnesilochus, having come to Thasos, took over the trireme from Hagnias, and paid back to Hagnias the supernumerary expense of the time which he had spent additionally for them, as much as he agreed upon, and hired the equipment from Hagnias, and served as trierarch himself.
ὕστερον δʼ οἱ παρὰ τοῦ Φρασιηρίδου ἐλθόντες τῶν τε ἀνηλωμένων τὸ μέρος ἀπέδοσαν τῷ Μνησιλόχῳ, καὶ τοῦ λοιποῦ χρόνου ὅσα ἐδεῖτο εἰς τὴν ναῦν συνανήλισκον.
And later those from Phrasierides came and paid back to Mnesilochus their share of the expenses, and for the remaining time spent together with him whatever was needed for the ship.
καί μοι τούτων ἀνάγνωθι τὴν μαρτυρίαν.
And read me the deposition of these things.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ.
DEPOSITION.
§43ἴσως οὖν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ποθεῖτε ἀκοῦσαι, διὰ τί ποτε ὁ στρατηγὸς οὐκ ἠνάγκαζε τοῦτον παραλαμβάνειν τὴν ναῦν, διάδοχον ἥκοντα ἐπʼ αὐτήν, τῶν νόμων οὕτως ἰσχυρῶν ὄντων.
Perhaps then, men of the jury, you desire to hear why on earth the general did not compel this man to take over the ship, since he had come as successor to it, when the laws are so strong.
περὶ δὴ τούτων βούλομαι ὑμᾶς σαφῶς διδάξαι τὸ αἴτιον.
Concerning these things, indeed, I wish to teach you clearly the reason.
Τιμόμαχος γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, πρῶτον μὲν ἐβούλετο εὖ κατεσκευασμένῃ τῇ τριήρει πρὸς ἅπαντα χρῆσθαι.
For Timomachus, men of the jury, wished first of all to make use of a well-equipped trireme for everything.
§44ᾔδειν οὖν ὅτι οὗτος μὲν παραλαβὼν αὐτὴν κακῶς ἔμελλε τριηραρχήσειν· οὔτε γὰρ τῷ τριηραρχήματι οὔτε τοῖς ἐπιβάταις καὶ τῇ ὑπηρεσίᾳ χρήσοιτο· οὐδεὶς γὰρ αὐτῷ παραμενεῖ.
He knew, therefore, that this man, if he took it over, was going to serve as trierarch poorly; for he would make use of neither the equipment nor the marines and the crew, since no one would remain with him.
ἔτι δὲ πρὸς τούτοις, ὁπότε μὴ διδοὺς ἀργύριον προστάττοι πλεῖν, οὐκ ἔμελλεν αὐτῷ ἀνάξεσθαι ὥσπερ ἐγώ, ἀλλὰ πράγματα παρέξειν.
And furthermore, in addition to this, whenever he might order him to sail without giving him money, he was not going to put out to sea like me, but to cause trouble.
πρὸς δὲ τούτῳ δανείζεται παρʼ αὐτοῦ τριάκοντα μνᾶς, ὥστε μὴ ἀναγκάσαι παραλαβεῖν τὴν ναῦν.
And in addition to this, he borrowed thirty minae from him, so as not to compel him to take over the ship.
§45ἐξ ὧν δὲ μάλιστά μοι ὀργισθεὶς ἐπηρέαζε καὶ οὐδὲ λόγον ἑκάστοτε ἐδίδου οὐδὲ περὶ ἑνός, βούλομαι ὑμῖν σαφῶς διηγήσασθαι, ἵνʼ εἰδῆτε ὅτι οὐ περὶ πλείονος ἐποιούμην οὔτε τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ ῥᾳστώνην ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ χρόνῳ οὔτε τὴν ἐκείνου ῥώμην τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ἀθηναίων καὶ τῶν νόμων, ἀλλʼ ἠνειχόμην καὶ ἔργῳ ἀδικούμενος καὶ λόγῳ προπηλακιζόμενος, ἃ πολλῷ μοι βαρύτερα ἦν τῶν ἀναλωμάτων.
And from what causes he, being most angry with me, harassed me and did not even give me a hearing on any single matter at any time, I wish to relate to you clearly, so that you may know that I did not value more highly either my own ease at that time or his power than the people of Athens and the laws, but I endured both being wronged in deed and being insulted in speech, which were much heavier for me to bear than the expenses.

Notes

  1. §37τούτων — The neuter plural genitive demonstrative pronoun refers to the entire contents of the preceding `ὡς` clause and the subsequent two `ὅτι` clauses. It functions as a genitive of reference modifying the noun `μαρτυρίας` ('depositions concerning these things').
  2. §44ᾔδειν — The pluperfect 3rd person singular of `οἶδα` ('to know') with a moveable nu in Attic Greek. Although homonymous with the 1st person singular, the context indicates that the subject is Timomachus.
  3. §45οὐ περὶ πλείονος ἐποιούμην ... τοῦ δήμου ... καὶ τῶν νόμων — In the idiom `περὶ πλείονος ποιοῦμαι` ('to value more highly'), the genitives `τοῦ δήμου ... καὶ τῶν νόμων` function as genitives of comparison after the comparative `πλείονος`. The objects of valuation are the accusatives `τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ ῥᾳστώνην` and `τὴν ἐκείνου ῥώμην`.

Cite this passage

Demosthenes, Against Polycles §37-45. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0014.tlg050.humanitext-grc2:37-45

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.