§48φημὶ δὲ χρῆναι πράττειν ἕκαστον ὑμῶν, ἐφʼ οἷς ἐφέστηκεν, ἐπιμελῶς καὶ δικαίως· καθʼ ὁπότερον γὰρ ἂν ἐλλείπητε τούτων, ἀνάγκη κακῶς σχεῖν ταύτῃ τὰς πράξεις.
I say that each of you ought to perform the duties over which you are set, diligently and justly; for in whichever of these two you fall short, it is inevitable that your affairs will go badly in that respect.
μηδενὸς ὀλιγωρεῖτε μηδὲ καταφρονεῖτε τῶν προστεταγμένων, ὑπολαμβάνοντες ὡς οὐ παρὰ τοῦτʼ ἐστίν, ἀλλʼ ὡς παρʼ ἕκαστον τῶν μερῶν ἢ καλῶς ἢ κακῶς τὸ σύμπαν ἕξον, §49οὕτω σπουδάζετε περὶ αὐτῶν.
Do not neglect or look down upon any of the things commanded of you, supposing that it is not on this one thing that the result depends, but thinking that according as each of the parts is well or badly off, so the whole will be; thus show your zeal for them.
κήδεσθε μηδὲν ἧττον τῶν ἐμῶν ἢ τῶν ὑμετέρων αὐτῶν, καὶ μὴ νομίζετε μικρὸν ἀγαθὸν εἶναι τὰς τιμὰς ἃς ἔχουσιν οἱ καλῶς τῶν ἡμετέρων ἐπιστατοῦντες.
Care for my interests no less than for your own, and do not think that the honors which those who superintend our affairs well possess are a small benefit.
ἀπέχεσθε τῶν ἀλλοτρίων, ἵνʼ ἀσφαλέστερον τοὺς οἴκους τοὺς ὑμετέρους αὐτῶν κεκτῆσθε.
Abstain from what belongs to others, in order that you may possess your own households more securely.
τοιούτους εἶναι χρὴ περὶ τοὺς ἄλλους, οἷόν περ ἐμὲ περὶ ὑμᾶς ἀξιοῦτε γίγνεσθαι.
You ought to be towards others such as you expect me to become towards you.
§50μὴ σπεύδετε πλουτεῖν μᾶλλον ἢ χρηστοὶ δοκεῖν εἶναι, γιγνώσκοντες ὅτι καὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων καὶ τῶν βαρβάρων οἱ μεγίστας ἐπʼ ἀρετῇ δόξας ἔχοντες πλείστων ἀγαθῶν δεσπόται καθίστανται.
Do not hasten to be rich rather than to seem to be good, knowing that both among the Greeks and among the barbarians those who have the greatest reputations for virtue become masters of the greatest goods.
τοὺς χρηματισμοὺς τοὺς παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον γιγνομένους ἡγεῖσθε μὴ πλοῦτον ἀλλὰ κίνδυνον ποιήσειν.
Consider that the acquisitions of wealth made contrary to justice will produce not wealth but danger.
μὴ τὸ μὲν λαβεῖν κέρδος εἶναι νομίζετε, τὸ δʼ ἀναλῶσαι ζημίαν· οὐδέτερον γὰρ τούτων ἀεὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχει δύναμιν, ἀλλʼ ὁπότερον ἂν ἐν καιρῷ καὶ μετʼ ἀρετῆς γίγνηται, τοῦτʼ ὠφελεῖ τοὺς ποιοῦντας.
Do not think that to receive is a gain, and to spend is a loss; for neither of these always has the same power, but whichever happens in due season and with virtue, this benefits those who do it.
§51μηδὲ πρὸς ἓν χαλεπῶς ἔχετε τῶν ὑπʼ ἐμοῦ προσταττομένων· ὅσοι γὰρ ἂν ὑμῶν περὶ πλεῖστα τῶν ἐμῶν χρησίμους αὑτοὺς παράσχωσιν, οὗτοι πλεῖστα τοὺς οἴκους τοὺς αὑτῶν ὠφελήσουσιν.
Do not bear it hard in respect to any single one of the things commanded by me; for as many of you as show yourselves useful in the greatest number of my affairs, these will benefit their own households the most.
ὅ τι ἂν ὑμῶν ἕκαστος αὐτὸς αὑτῷ τύχῃ συνειδώς, ἡγείσθω μηδʼ ἐμὲ λήσειν, ἀλλʼ ἐὰν καὶ τὸ σῶμα μὴ παρῇ, τὴν διάνοιαν τὴν ἐμὴν οἰέσθω τοῖς γιγνομένοις παρεστάναι· ταύτην γὰρ τὴν γνώμην ἔχοντες, σωφρονέστερον βουλεύσεσθε περὶ ἁπάντων.
Whatever each of you happens to be conscious of in his own mind, let him not think that it will escape my notice; but even if my body is not present, let him believe that my mind is present at what is taking place; for if you hold this opinion, you will deliberate more temperately about all things.
§52μηδὲν ἀποκρύπτεσθε μήθʼ ὧν κέκτησθε μήθʼ ὧν ποιεῖτε μήθʼ ὧν μέλλετε πράττειν, εἰδότες ὅτι περὶ τὰ κεκρυμμένα τῶν πραγμάτων ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστι πολλοὺς φόβους γίγνεσθαι.
Conceal nothing, neither of what you possess, nor of what you do, nor of what you intend to perform, knowing that it is inevitable that many fears arise around concealed matters.
μὴ τεχνικῶς ζητεῖτε πολιτεύεσθαι μηδʼ ἀφανῶς, ἀλλʼ οὕτως ἁπλῶς καὶ φανερῶς ὥστε μηδʼ ἄν τις βούληται ῥᾴδιον ὑμᾶς εἶναι διαβαλεῖν.
Do not seek to play a part in public life craftily or obscurely, but so simply and openly that it is not easy for anyone, even if he wishes, to slander you.
δοκιμάζετε τὰς πράξεις, καὶ νομίζετε πονηρὰς μὲν ἃς πράττοντες λανθάνειν ἐμὲ βούλεσθε, χρηστὰς δὲ περὶ ὧν ἐγὼ μέλλω πυθόμενος βελτίους ὑμᾶς νομιεῖν.
Prove your actions, and consider those bad which, in doing them, you wish to hide from me, and those good about which, when I learn of them, I shall think you to be better.
§53μὴ κατασιωπᾶτε, ἄν τινας ὁρᾶτε περὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν τὴν ἐμὴν πονηροὺς ὄντας, ἀλλʼ ἐξελέγχετε, καὶ νομίζετε τῆς αὐτῆς ζημίας ἀξίους εἶναι τοὺς συγκρύπτοντας τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν.
Do not keep silence if you see any who are wicked regarding my rule, but expose them, and consider those who conceal them to be worthy of the same punishment as those who commit the errors.
εὐτυχεῖν νομίζετε μὴ τοὺς λανθάνοντας, ἐάν τι κακὸν ποιήσωσιν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτάνοντας· τοὺς μὲν γὰρ εἰκὸς τοιαῦτα παθεῖν, οἷά περ αὐτοὶ ποιοῦσι, τοὺς δὲ χάριν ἀπολαβεῖν, ἧς ἄξιοι τυγχάνουσιν ὄντες.
Consider those happy not who escape notice when they do some evil, but those who commit no error; for it is natural for the former to suffer such things as they themselves do, and for the latter to receive the gratitude of which they happen to be worthy.
§54ἑταιρείας μὴ ποιεῖσθε μηδὲ συνόδους ἄνευ τῆς ἐμῆς γνώμης· αἱ γὰρ τοιαῦται συστάσεις ἐν μὲν ταῖς ἄλλαις πολιτείαις πλεονεκτοῦσιν, ἐν δὲ ταῖς μοναρχίαις κινδυνεύουσιν.
Do not form political associations or assemblies without my consent; for such combinations, while they have advantages in other constitutions, are dangerous in monarchies.
μὴ μόνον ἀπέχεσθε τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων τῶν τοιούτων ἐν οἷς ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστιν ὑποψίαν ἐγγίγνεσθαι.
Abstain not only from errors, but also from such practices in which it is inevitable that suspicion arises.
τὴν ἐμὴν φιλίαν ἀσφαλεστάτην καὶ βεβαιοτάτην εἶναι νομίζετε.
Consider my friendship to be the safest and most stable.
διαφυλάττετε τὴν παροῦσαν κατάστασιν, §55καὶ μηδεμιᾶς ἐπιθυμεῖτε μεταβολῆς, εἰδότες ὅτι διὰ τὰς ταραχὰς ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστι καὶ τὰς πόλεις ἀπόλλυσθαι καὶ τοὺς οἴκους τοὺς ἰδίους ἀναστάτους γίγνεσθαι.
Guard the present state of things, and desire no change, knowing that because of disturbances it is inevitable both that cities perish and that private households are ruined.
μὴ μόνον τὰς φύσεις αἰτίας νομίζετε τοῦ χαλεποὺς ἢ πράους εἶναι τοὺς τυράννους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν τρόπον τὸν τῶν πολιτῶν· πολλοὶ γὰρ ἤδη διὰ τὴν τῶν ἀρχομένων κακίαν τραχύτερον ἢ κατὰ τὴν αὑτῶν γνώμην ἄρχειν ἠναγκάσθησαν.
Do not consider tyrants being harsh or mild to be caused by their natures alone, but also by the character of the citizens; for many already, because of the wickedness of their subjects, have been compelled to rule more harshly than was in accordance with their own judgment.