[ULPIANUS libro quinquagensimo ad Sabinum. ] §46.4.13.prEt per iusiurandum liberti interpositam operarum obligationem per acceptilationem tolli uerius est.
And it is more correct that the obligation of services introduced by the oath of a freedman is extinguished by a release.
§46.4.13.1Si id, quod in stipulationem deductum est, diuisionem non recipiat, acceptilatio in partem nullius erit momenti, ut puta si seruitus fuit praedii rustici uel urbani.
If that which was brought into the stipulation does not admit of division, a release in part will be of no effect, as for example if it was a rural or urban praedial servitude.
plane si usus fructus sit in stipulatum deductus, puta fundi Titiani, poterit pro parte acceptilatio fieri et erit residuae partis fundi usus fructus.
Clearly, if a usufruct has been brought into the stipulation, for example of the Titian estate, a release can be made for a part, and there will remain a usufruct of the remaining part of the estate.
si tamen uiam quis stipulatus accepto iter uel actum fecerit, acceptilatio nullius erit momenti: hoc idem est probandum, si actus accepto fuerit latus.
If, however, someone who stipulated for a right of way has released a footway or a driving way, the release will be of no effect; and the same must be approved if a driving way is released.
si autem iter et actus accepto fuerit latus, consequens erit dicere liberatum eum, qui uiam promisit.
But if both a footway and a driving way are released, it will be a logical consequence to say that he who promised the right of way is released.
§46.4.13.2Illud certum est eum, qui fundum stipulatus usum fructum uel uiam accepto facit, in ea esse causa, ut acceptilatio non ualeat: qui enim accepto facit, uel totum uel partem eius, quod stipulatus est, debet accepto facere, hae autem partes non sunt, non magis quam si quis domum stipulatus accepto ferat cementa uel fenestras uel parietem uel diaetam.
It is certain that he who, having stipulated for an estate, releases the usufruct or a right of way, is in such a position that the release is not valid; for he who releases must release either the whole or a part of what he stipulated for, but these are not parts, no more than if someone who stipulated for a house should release the cement, windows, wall, or a room.
§46.4.13.3Si quis usum fructum stipulatus usum accepto tulerit, si quidem sic tulerit acceptum quasi usu debito, liberatio non continget: si uero quasi ex usu fructu, cum possit usus sine fructu constitui, dicendum est acceptilationem ualere.
If someone who stipulated for a usufruct has released the use, if indeed he released it as if the use were owed, release will not occur; but if as if from the usufruct, since a use can be established without fruit, it must be said that the release is valid.
§46.4.13.4Si is, qui hominem stipulatus est, Stichum accepto tulerit, Iulianus libro quinquagensimo quarto digestorum scripsit acceptilationem aliquid egisse tollisseque totam obligationem: quod enim inuito stipulatori promissor soluere potest, id et acceptum latum liberationem pariet.
If he who stipulated for a man has released Stichus, Julian wrote in the fifty-fourth book of the Digests that the release had some effect and extinguished the whole obligation; for what the promisor can pay to the stipulator against his will, that also, when released, will produce a discharge.
§46.4.13.5Eum, qui fundum stipulatus est, non posse de dolo malo clausulam acceptum ferre constat: non enim in partem debiti id constitit, et aliud est quod debetur, aliud quod accepto fertur.
It is clear that he who stipulated for an estate cannot release the fraud clause; for this does not stand as a part of the debt, and what is owed is one thing, what is released is another.
§46.4.13.6Si Stichum aut decem sub condicione stipulatus Stichum acceptum fecerit et pendente condicione Stichus decesserit, decem in obligatione manebunt, perinde ac si acceptilatio interposita non fuisset.
If someone, having stipulated for Stichus or ten under a condition, has released Stichus, and while the condition was pending Stichus died, the ten will remain in the obligation, just as if the release had not taken place.
§46.4.13.7Si fideiussori accepto fuerit latum, cum reus re, non uerbis fuisset obligatus, an reus quoque liberetur? et hoc iure utimur, ut, licet reus non sit uerbis obligatus, tamen acceptilatione per fideiussorem liberetur.
If a release has been given to a surety when the principal debtor was bound by the thing and not by words, is the principal debtor also released? And we follow this rule of law, that although the debtor is not bound by words, he is nevertheless released by a release given through the surety.
§46.4.13.8Si legatorum sub condicione relictorum fideiussori dato accepto latum sit, legata debebuntur postea condicione eorum existente.
If a release is given to a surety provided for legacies left under a condition, the legacies will be owed afterwards when their condition is fulfilled.
§46.4.13.9Qui ita stipulatur a fideiussore: 'quod Titio credidero, fide tua esse iubes?', deinde, antequam crederet, acceptum fecit fideiussori, reus non liberabitur, sed quandoque ei creditum fuerit, tenetur: nam et si fideiussorem non ante liberatum esse credimus, quam cum fuerit creditum reo, non tamen reus antiquiore acceptilatione, quam obligatio eius est, liberari potuit.
He who stipulates thus from a surety: 'Do you order that what I shall credit to Titius shall be on your credit?', and then, before he credited it, gave a release to the surety, the debtor will not be released, but whenever credit is given to him, he is bound; for even if we believe that the surety is not released before credit has been given to the debtor, nevertheless the debtor could not be released by a release older than his own obligation.
§46.4.13.10Tutor, curator furiosi acceptum ferre non potuit, nec procurator quidem potest facere acceptum: sed hi omnes debent nouare (possunt enim) et sic accepto facere.
A tutor or a curator of an insane person could not give a release, nor indeed can a procurator give a release; but all these ought to novate (for they can) and thus give a release.
ne his quidem accepto fieri potest, sed nouatione facta poterunt liberari per acceptilationem.
Nor can a release be given to them, but once a novation is made, they can be released by a release.
nam et in absentium persona hoc remedio uti solemus: stipulamur ab aliquo id nouandi causa, quod nobis absens debet, et ita accepto liberamus, a quo stipulati sumus: ita fiet, ut absens nouatione, praesens acceptilatione liberetur.
For also in the case of absent persons, we are accustomed to use this remedy: we stipulate from someone, for the purpose of novating, what an absent person owes us, and thus we release by a release him from whom we stipulated; thus it will happen that the absent person is released by the novation, and the present person by the release.
H §46.4.13.11eres quoque et liberare et liberari accepto potest et honorarii successores.
An heir also can both release and be released by a release, and so can honorarian successors.
§46.4.13.12Ex pluribus reis stipulandi si unus acceptum fecerit, liberatio contingit in solidum.
If one of several joint stipulators has given a release, the discharge occurs in full.