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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §44.7.18.pr

Coexistence of Actions in Claims by Stipulation and Legacy

Passage 7303 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This text explains the coexistence of actions and the mutual effect of claims when a person is entitled to the same specific thing under both a stipulation and a will, following a merger of interests through inheritance.

[IDEM libro quinquagensimo quarto digestorum. ] §44.7.18.prSi is, qui Stichum dari stipulatus fuerat, heres exstiterit ei, cui ex testamento idem Stichus debebatur: si ex testamento Stichum petierit, non consumet stipulationem, et contra si ex stipulatu Stichum petierit, actionem ex testamento saluam habebit, quia initio ita constiterint hae duae obligationes, ut altera in iudicium deducta altera nihilo minus integra remaneret.
[THE SAME, from the fifty-fourth book of Digests.] If a person who had stipulated for Stichus to be given to him becomes the heir to someone by whom the same Stichus was owed under a will: if he sues for Stichus under the will, he does not consume the stipulation; and conversely, if he sues for Stichus under the stipulation, he will keep the action under the will intact, because at the beginning these two obligations were established in such a way that, even if one of them were brought to trial, the other would nevertheless remain unimpaired.

Notes

  1. §44.7.18.prheres exstiterit — A perfect form in the condition (si-clause). Since the main verbs are in the future tense (consumet, habebit), it is naturally interpreted as a future perfect indicative, expressing a completed future condition of inheritance.
  2. §44.7.18.praltera in iudicium deducta — An ablative absolute construction. With the omitted noun obligatione understood as the subject, it carries a concessive or conditional meaning: 'even if one of the obligations is brought to trial.'
  3. §44.7.18.prut altera ... remaneret — A consecutive (result) subjunctive ut-clause correlating with the adverb ita. Following the perfect tense of the main verb (constiterint), the imperfect subjunctive (remaneret) is used in accordance with the sequence of tenses.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §44.7.18.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:44.7.18.pr

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