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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §43.24.21.pr-43.24.21.3

Survival of Restitution Duty and Slave's Subjective Intent

Passage 7148 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses that a person ordered by a judge to restore a work remains liable despite a third party's removal of it, the master's non-liability when a slave acts under a subjective belief of clandestinity contrary to the master's own intent, and the scope of measurement and restoration of rights for new works.

[POMPONIUS libro uicensimo nono ad Sabinum. ] §43.24.21.prSi opus, quod quis iussus est a iudice, qui ex hoc interdicto sumptus esset, restituere, alius quis ui aut clam sustulisset, nihilo minus idem ille omnimodo iubetur opus restituere.
[POMPONIUS, in the twenty-ninth book on Sabinus.] If some other person has removed, by force or clandestinely, a work which someone had been ordered to restore by a judge appointed under this interdict, the latter is nevertheless in any case ordered to restore the work.
§43.24.21.1Si iussero seruum meum opus facere, cum, quantum ad me pertinet, in clandestini suspicione non ueniret, seruus autem meus putauerit, si rescisset aduersarius, prohibiturum eum, an tenear? et non puto, cum mea persona sit intuenda.
If I order my slave to do some work, when, as far as I am concerned, it does not fall under the suspicion of being done clandestinely, but my slave thought that the adversary would prohibit it if he found out, am I liable? I do not think so, since my own person is to be considered.
§43.24.21.2In opere nouo tam soli quam caeli mensura facienda est.
In the case of a new work, measurement must be made of the airspace as well as of the ground.
§43.24.21.3Si quis propter opus factum ius aliquod praedii amisit, id restitui ex hoc interdicto debet.
If anyone has lost some right of an estate because of a work that has been done, that right must be restored under this interdict.

Notes

  1. §43.24.21.propus, quod quis iussus est a iudice, qui ex hoc interdicto sumptus esset, restituere — In the relative clause `quod ... restituere`, the antecedent `opus` acts as the direct object of the infinitive `restituere` (to restore), represented by the relative pronoun `quod` (accusative). The object of `sustulisset` in the main clause is also the same `opus`.
  2. §43.24.21.1clandestini — This is the genitive of the neuter substantive `clandestinum` (a clandestine act), which modifies `suspicione` (suspicion) as an objective genitive, meaning "suspicion of a clandestine act."
  3. §43.24.21.1et non puto — The conjunction `et` introduces the answer to the preceding question `an tenear?` (am I liable?), indicating a logical transition or contrast in a self-dialogue, translating effectively as "And I think not" or "But I think not."

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §43.24.21.pr-43.24.21.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:43.24.21.pr-43.24.21.3

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