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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §40.12.8.pr-40.12.8.2

Usufructuaries in Freedom Suits and Single-Judge Referrals

Passage 6573 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This section explains that a usufructuary is granted the cognizance of cases concerning freedom, and outlines the conditions under which claims by multiple parties regarding rights over a slave must be referred to the same judge.

[IDEM libro quinquagensimo quinto ad edictum. ] §40.12.8.prCognitio de liberali causa usufructuario datur, etiamsi dominus quoque uelit, hoc est qui se dominum dicit, mouere status controuersiam.
[THE SAME, on the Edict, book 55.] The cognizance of a case concerning freedom is granted to a usufructuary, even if the master also, that is, the one who claims to be the master, wishes to raise a controversy concerning status.
§40.12.8.1Si plures sibi dominium serui uindicant dicentes esse communem, ad eundem iudicem mittendi erunt: et ita senatus censuit.
If several persons claim ownership of a slave for themselves, saying that he is common, they must be sent to the same judge; and so the senate resolved.
ceterum si unusquisque suum esse in solidum, non in partem dicat, cessat senatus consultum: neque enim timor est, ne uarie iudicetur, cum unusquisque solidum dominium sibi uindicet.
But if each one claims that the slave is his in entirety, and not in part, the senatusconsultum does not apply; for there is no fear lest divergent judgments be rendered, since each one claims the entire ownership for himself.
§40.12.8.2Sed et si alter usum fructum totum, alter proprietatem serui uindicet, item si alter dominium, alter pigneratum sibi dicat, idem iudex erit: et parui refert, ab eodem an ab alio ei pigneri datus sit.
But also if one claims the entire usufruct and the other the ownership of the slave, likewise if one claims ownership and the other says that the slave has been pledged to him, there shall be the same judge; and it matters little whether he was given to him as a pledge by the same person or by another.

Notes

  1. §40.12.8.1dicentes esse communem — An accusative with infinitive construction introduced by the participle `dicentes` (agreeing with the subject `plures`). The accusative subject of the infinitive `esse`, referring to the slave (`eum`), is omitted.
  2. §40.12.8.1ne uarie iudicetur — A clause of fearing introduced by the noun `timor` ("fear lest..."). `iudicetur` is an impersonal use of the subjunctive present passive, expressing "lest divergent judgments be rendered."
  3. §40.12.8.2ab eodem an ab alio ei pigneri datus sit — An alternative indirect question serving as the subject of the impersonal verb phrase `parui refert` ("it matters little"), with the first particle `utrum` omitted. `pigneri` is a dative of purpose ("as a pledge").

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §40.12.8.pr-40.12.8.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:40.12.8.pr-40.12.8.2

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