[IDEM libro quinto fideicommissorum. ] §36.1.67.prSeruo inuito domino uel ignorante non recte restituetur hereditas: sed si postea ratum habuerit, confirmabitur restitutio, uerum ipsi domino adquirentur actiones.
An inheritance will not be rightly restored to a slave against the will or without the knowledge of his master; but if the master subsequently ratifies it, the restoration will be confirmed, and the actions will be acquired by the master himself.
nec quia hereditatis adquisitionis similis est haec restitutio, iussum praecedere oportet, sed ut dictum est, etiam ratihabitio subsequi poterit exemplo bonorum possessionis.
Nor, because this restoration is similar to the acquisition of an inheritance, is it necessary for a command to precede it, but, as has been said, subsequent ratification can also follow, after the example of the possession of goods.
neque interest, quod ad propositum attinet, ipsi domino an seruo quis rogetur restituere hereditatem, nec in ea re consensu aut opera serui opus est: atquin in bonorum possessione uel in adeunda hereditate consensus eius necessarius est.
And it makes no difference, so far as the present purpose is concerned, whether one is requested to restore the inheritance to the master himself or to the slave, nor is there need in this matter for the consent or action of the slave; yet in the possession of goods or in entering upon an inheritance, his consent is necessary.
itaque si qui suspectam dicent hereditatem, postulante domino compellendi erunt adire et restituere hereditatem.
Therefore, if the heirs say that the inheritance is suspect, they must be compelled, at the request of the master, to enter upon and restore the inheritance.
§36.1.67.1Si testator rogasset heredem, ut restituat hereditatem mulieri, si non nupsisset, dicendum erit compellendum heredem, si suspectam dicat hereditatem, adire et restituere eam mulieri, etiamsi nupsisset.
If a testator had requested the heir to restore the inheritance to a woman if she did not marry, it must be said that the heir, if he says the inheritance is suspect, must be compelled to enter upon and restore it to the woman, even if she had married.
idem in ceteris quoque condicionibus Iulianus noster probat, quae similiter nisi fine uitae expleri non possent.
Our Julian approves of the same in the case of all other conditions which likewise cannot be fulfilled except at the end of life.
secundum quam sententiam cautione praestita his, quorum interest, ab his, quibus restitui sub isdem condicionibus heres rogatus esset, restituet hereditatem.
According to this opinion, the heir will restore the inheritance after security has been provided to those who are interested, by those to whom the heir was requested to restore it under the same conditions.
§36.1.67.2Cum praetor cognita causa per rorem uel etiam ambitiose iuberet hereditatem ut ex fideicommisso restitui, etiam publice interest restitui propter rerum iudicatarum auctoritatem.
When the praetor, having investigated the case, should order by error or even corruptly that an inheritance be restored as if under a trust, it is also of public interest that it be restored, because of the authority of res judicata.
§36.1.67.3Si pupillo infanti restituere hereditatem quis rogatus sit, si sponte adierit, etiam seruo eius et ipsi pupillo tutore auctore restituetur hereditas: si quidem eo, quod fari non potest, non magis ea res impedietur, quam in muto pubere uolente sibi restitui hereditatem.
If anyone has been requested to restore an inheritance to an infant ward, if he enters upon it voluntarily, the inheritance will be restored both to his slave and to the ward himself with the authority of his tutor; for indeed, by the fact that he cannot speak, this matter will no more be impeded than in the case of a mute adult who wishes the inheritance to be restored to himself.
si autem heres recuset adire hereditatem, quemadmodum res expediri possit, difficile est, quia neque tutore desiderante periculo pupilli adiri hereditatem Trebelliano senatus consulto locus sit futurus neque pupillus ipse id desiderare possit, cum fari non possit.
But if the heir refuses to enter upon the inheritance, how the matter can be resolved is difficult, because neither if the tutor desires it would there be room for the Trebellian senatusconsult for the inheritance to be entered upon at the risk of the ward, nor can the ward himself desire it, since he cannot speak.
quod aliquatenus circa mutos expediri potest, nam si auditus capaces sunt uel interrogati nutu possint significare uelle se periculo suo hereditatem adire, quomodo absentes per nuntium.
This can be resolved to some extent in the case of mutes, for if they are capable of hearing or when questioned can signify by a nod that they wish to enter upon the inheritance at their own risk, it is just as absent persons do through a messenger.
sed et infanti non dubito omnimodo subueniendum idque ex similitudine iuris ciuilis uel honorarii constituendum est: siue enim heres institutus esset, non dubie pro herede tutore auctore gerere posse uidetur, siue de bonorum possessione agitaretur, peti ei per tutorem posset.
But I have no doubt that an infant must be assisted in every way, and this must be established by analogy to civil or honorary law; for whether he had been appointed heir, he clearly seems able to act as heir with the authority of his tutor, or if it were a question of the possession of goods, it could be sought for him through his tutor.
ideoque et heres compelli per tutorem potest adire et restituere hereditatem.
And therefore, the heir can also be compelled through the tutor to enter upon and restore the inheritance.
quo exemplo et mutus, qui nihil intellegere potest, per curatorem adiuuatur.
By this example, a mute who can understand nothing is also assisted through a curator.
§36.1.67.4Si singulae res ab herede traditae sunt iussu meo ei cui eas uendiderim, non dubitabimus mihi intellegi factam restitutionem.
If individual things have been delivered by the heir at my command to the person to whom I sold them, we shall not doubt that the restoration is understood to have been made to me.
idem erit, et si iussu meo tradantur, cui ego ex fideicommisso aliaue qua causa eas praestare debuerim uel in creditum ire uel donare uoluerim.
The same will hold if they are delivered at my command to one to whom I ought to have furnished them under a trust or for some other cause, or to whom I wished to give them on credit or as a gift.