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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §35.1.26.pr-35.1.26.1

Obligation under Remitted Oaths and Accrual of Failed Shares

Passage 5357 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This passage rules that under an oath condition, even if the oath itself is legally remitted, the obligation to perform the underlying act still remains, and that when a conditional legacy or inheritance fails, its share accrues to the heir of the unconditional recipient.

[IDEM libro octogesimo secundo digestorum. ] §35.1.26.prHaec scriptura 'si uiginti dederit aut iurauerit se aliquid facturum' unam condicionem exprimit habentem duas partes: quare si quicumque heres scriptus erit sub condicione 'si iurauerit se decem daturum' aut 'monumentum facturum', quamuis uerbis edicti ad hereditatem uel legatum admittatur, tamen compellitur facere id quod facturum se iurare iussus est solo iureiurando remisso.
[By the same writer in the eighty-second book of his Digests.] This writing, "if he should give twenty or swear that he will do something," expresses a single condition having two parts; therefore, if anyone is appointed heir under the condition "if he should swear that he will give ten" or "that he will build a monument," although he may be admitted to the inheritance or legacy by the words of the Edict, he is nevertheless compelled, with only the oath being remitted, to perform that which he was ordered to swear that he would do.
§35.1.26.1Cum eadem res alteri pure, alteri sub condicione legatur aut cum alter pure, alter sub condicione heres scriptus est, pars legati uel hereditatis deficiente condicione adcrescit etiam heredi eius, cui pure legatum uel hereditas data est, si tamen hereditas eius adita fuerit.
When the same thing is bequeathed to one unconditionally and to another under a condition, or when one is appointed heir unconditionally and another under a condition, the share of the legacy or inheritance, if the condition fails, accrues also to the heir of him to whom the legacy or inheritance was given unconditionally, provided, however, that his inheritance has been entered upon.

Notes

  1. 35.1.26.prsolo iureiurando remisso — An ablative absolute meaning "with only the oath being remitted." It indicates that even if the procedural requirement of taking an oath is excused under the Edict, the substantive obligation to perform the underlying act (such as giving money or building a monument) is not excused and must still be carried out.
  2. 35.1.26.1deficiente condicione — An ablative absolute meaning "the condition failing (not being fulfilled)." It introduces the circumstance under which the conditional share of the legacy or inheritance accrues to the other party.
  3. 35.1.26.1si tamen hereditas eius adita fuerit — A conditional clause where 'eius' refers to the person who was unconditionally given the legacy or inheritance. 'adita fuerit' is the perfect passive (acting as future perfect) of 'adire' (to enter upon or accept an inheritance). It states that for the share to accrue to the heir of the unconditional recipient, that heir must have accepted the inheritance of said recipient.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §35.1.26.pr-35.1.26.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:35.1.26.pr-35.1.26.1

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