Humanitext Reader

Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §34.4.26.pr-34.4.26.1

Revocation of Freedom for Alienated or Manumitted Slaves

Passage 5258 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The text discusses the fate of a legacy when a slave bequeathed with freedom is alienated and then has their freedom revoked, and the inefficacy of revoking freedom in a codicil for a slave already manumitted during the testator's lifetime.

[PAULUS libro nono quaestionum. ] §34.4.26.prSi, seruo cum libertate dato legato, et alienato adimatur libertas, quamuis alieno inutiliter adimatur, tamen legatum ad emptorem non peruenturum: et merito: constitit enim ademptio, quia possit redimi, sicut datio, cum in eum confertur, qui testamenti faciendi tempore fuit testatoris, deinde alienato codicillis libertas datur.
[PAULUS in the ninth book of Questions.] If, a slave having been bequeathed together with his freedom, and then alienated, his freedom is revoked, although it is ineffectually revoked from one who belongs to another, nevertheless the legacy will not go to the purchaser; and rightly so: for the revocation is valid, because he can be ransomed, just like the granting of freedom, when it is directed toward one who was the testator's at the time the will was made, and then, after he has been alienated, freedom is given to him by a codicil.
§34.4.26.1Quid ergo, si eum, quem liberum esse quis iusserat, manumiserat uiuus, deinde codicillis libertatem ei ademerit? uideamus, an perdiderit legatum uana ademptio libertatis.
What then, if someone had manumitted during his lifetime a slave whom he had ordered to be free, and subsequently by a codicil revoked his freedom? Let us see whether the pointless revocation of freedom has destroyed the legacy.
quod quidam putant: sed superuacua scriptura non nocet legato.
Some think so; but superfluous writing does not prejudice a legacy.

Notes

  1. 34.4.26.prseruo cum libertate dato legato — The phrase seruo ... dato legato is an ablative absolute construction. legato is the perfect passive participle ablative of the verb lego (to bequeath), and dato is the perfect passive participle ablative of do (to give), both modifying seruo, meaning 'a slave having been given with freedom and bequeathed'.
  2. 34.4.26.prnon peruenturum — The future active participle peruenturum is an accusative infinitive with the auxiliary esse omitted. It functions as the predicate of the apodosis (main clause) responding to the conditional clause si ... adimatur, taking the form of indirect speech (accusative with infinitive) due to the contextual omission of a verb of answering or declaring (such as respondeo).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §34.4.26.pr-34.4.26.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:34.4.26.pr-34.4.26.1

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