[ULPIANUS libro uicesimo tertio ad Sabinum. ] §34.3.7.prNon solum autem quod debetur remitti potest, uerum etiam pars eius uel pars obligationis, ut est apud Iulianum tractatum libro trigesimo tertio digestorum.
[ULPIANUS in the twenty-third book on Sabinus.] Moreover, not only can that which is owed be remitted, but also a part of it or a part of the obligation, as is discussed in Julian, in the thirty-third book of the Digests.
§34.3.7.1Si is qui stipulatus Stichum aut decem damnauerit heredem Stichum non petere, legatum ualere constat: sed quid contineat, uideamus.
If he who has stipulated for Stichus or ten has charged his heir not to demand Stichus, it is established that the legacy is valid; but let us see what it contains.
et Iulianus scribit actionem ex testamento in hoc esse uideri, ut debitor accepto liberetur: quae res utique debitorem et in decem liberabit, quia acceptilatio solutioni comparatur, et quemadmodum, si Stichum soluisset, debitor liberaretur, ita et acceptilatione Stichi liberari.
And Julian writes that the action under the testament seems to be directed to this end, that the debtor be released by formal release; which thing indeed will also release the debtor in respect of the ten, because a formal release is equated to payment, and just as, if he had paid Stichus, the debtor would be released, so also he is released by the formal release of Stichus.
§34.3.7.2Sed si debitorem decem damnatus sit heres uiginti liberare, idem Iulianus scripsit libro trigesimo tertio nihilo minus esse liberandum decem: nam et si ei uiginti accepto ferantur, in decem liberabitur.
But if the heir has been charged to release a debtor of ten from twenty, the same Julian wrote in the thirty-third book that he must nonetheless be released in respect of ten; for even if twenty are formally released to him, he will be released in respect of ten.
§34.3.7.3Sed si duobus heredibus institutis alterum ex his damnauerit creditori soluere, ualet legatum propter coheredem eumque ex testamento acturum, ut creditori soluatur.
But if, two heirs having been instituted, the testator has charged one of them to pay the creditor, the legacy is valid on account of the co-heir, and he will sue under the testament so that payment is made to the creditor.
§34.3.7.4Liberatio autem debitori legata ita demum effectum habet, si non fuerit exactum id a debitore, dum uiuat testator: ceterum si exactum est, euanescit legatum.
But a release bequeathed to a debtor has effect only if that has not been exacted from the debtor while the testator lives; otherwise, if it has been exacted, the legacy vanishes.
§34.3.7.5Unde quaerit Iulianus, si ab impuberis substituto sit liberatio relicta, deinde impubes exegerit quod debetur, an euanescat legatum.
Hence Julian asks, if a release has been left by the substitute of an impuberal child, and then the impuberal child has exacted what is owed, whether the legacy vanishes.
et cum constet pupillum in his, quae a substituto relinquuntur, personam sustinere eius a quo sub condicione legatur, consequens est substitutum actione ex testamento teneri, si pupillus a debitore exegerit.
And since it is established that, in respect of those things which are left by a substitute, the ward represents the persona of him by whom a legacy is given under condition, it is a consequence that the substitute is bound by the action under the testament if the ward has exacted it from the debtor.
§34.3.7.6Idemque est et si pupillus non exegerit, sed solummodo litem sit contestatus, teneri eum, ut remittat actionem.
And it is the same even if the ward has not exacted it, but has only joined issue, that the substitute is bound to release the action.
§34.3.7.7Nam et si debitori liberatio sub condicione legata fuisset et uel lis fuisset contestata uel etiam exactum pendente condicione, ex testamento actio maneret liberatione relicta.
For even if a release had been bequeathed to a debtor under condition, and either issue had been joined or even the debt exacted while the condition was pending, the action under the testament would remain, a release having been bequeathed.