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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §32.0.80.pr

Nature of Joint Institution and Legacies

Passage 4904 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Defines the meaning of joint institution of heirs and joint legacies, explaining that the whole is given to each individual while shares only arise through concurrence.

[IDEM libro trigesimo quinto digestorum. ] §32.0.80.prConiunctim heredes institui aut coniunctim legari hoc est: totam hereditatem et tota legata singulis data esse, partes autem concursu fieri.
[THE SAME, from his thirty-fifth book of Digests.] To be instituted heirs jointly, or to be bequeathed jointly, means this: that the entire inheritance and the entire legacies are given to each individual, but that shares are created by concurrence.

Notes

  1. 32.0.80.prConiunctim heredes institui aut coniunctim legari — The passive present infinitive phrases `heredes institui` (to be instituted heirs) and `legari` (to be bequeathed), each accompanied by the adverb `coniunctim` (jointly), function as the subject of `hoc est` (this means...).
  2. 32.0.80.prtotam hereditatem et tota legata singulis data esse — An accusative with infinitive (A.C.I.) construction following `hoc est`. The perfect passive infinitive `data esse` (to have been given) grammatically agrees with the closer, neuter plural subject `tota legata`, but semantically applies also to the feminine singular `totam hereditatem`, showing that both are given as a whole to each individual (`singulis`).
  3. 32.0.80.prconcursu — The ablative singular of the noun `concursus` (concurrence, clash). It means the concurrence of rights; although each individual is given a right to the whole, the coexistence of multiple claimants (concurrence) results in the creation (`fieri`) of shares (`partes`), explaining a fundamental principle of joint rights (`coniunctio`) in Roman law.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §32.0.80.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:32.0.80.pr

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