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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §32.0.79.pr-32.0.79.3

Legacies of Groups and Movables and Status Changes of Bequests

Passage 4903 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The text discusses the bequest of a chorus or a household of slaves, the scope of movables in specific legacies (distinguishing coins for lending from emergency stores), and the validity of legacies when a bequeathed plot of land or slave temporarily changes status.

[CELSUS libro nono digestorum. ] §32.0.79.prSi chorus aut familia legetur, perinde est quasi singuli homines legati sint.
[CELSUS, from his ninth book of Digests.] If a chorus or a household of slaves is bequeathed, it is just as if the individual persons had been bequeathed.
§32.0.79.1His uerbis: 'quae ibi mobilia mea erunt, do lego' nummos ibi repositos, ut mutui darentur, non esse legatos Proculus ait: at eos quos praesidii causa repositos habet, ut quidam bellis ciuilibus factitassent, eos legato contineri.
With these words: "I give and bequeath my movable property which shall be there," Proculus says that coins stored there in order to be lent out are not bequeathed; but that those which a person keeps stored there for the sake of safety, as some had been in the habit of doing during the civil wars, are contained in the legacy.
et audisse se rusticos senes ita dicentes pecuniam sine peculio fragilem esse, peculium appellantes, quod praesidii causa seponeretur.
And he says that he has heard old country-dwellers saying that money without a "peculium" (private store) is fragile, calling "peculium" that which is set aside for the sake of safety.
§32.0.79.2Area legata si inaędificata medio tempore fuerit ac rursus area sit, quamquam tunc peti non poterat, nunc tamen debetur.
If a vacant plot of land which has been bequeathed has been built upon in the meantime, and becomes a vacant plot again, although it could not have been claimed at that time, it is nevertheless now due.
§32.0.79.3Seruus quoque legatus si interim manumittatur et postea seruus factus sit, peti potest.
Also, a slave who has been bequeathed, if he is manumitted in the meantime and afterwards becomes a slave, can be claimed.

Notes

  1. §32.0.79.1non esse legatos Proculus ait — The main verb is 'Proculus ait', which governs multiple Accusative with Infinitive (A.C.I.) constructions. First, it governs 'nummos... non esse legatos' and the contrasting 'at eos... legato contineri'. Second, 'et audisse se...' (and that he had heard) is connected in parallel, where 'se' refers back to Proculus. This 'audisse' in turn governs another A.C.I. clause, 'pecuniam... fragilem esse'.
  2. §32.0.79.2area legata si inaędificata medio tempore fuerit — 'inaedificata... fuerit' is the perfect passive (here functioning as future perfect passive, or perfect subjunctive in a conditional clause) of the verb 'inaedificare' (to build upon), whose subject is the phrase 'area legata' placed at the beginning of the sentence. It expresses the situation where a building has been erected upon the land using a passive construction.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §32.0.79.pr-32.0.79.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:32.0.79.pr-32.0.79.3

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