[SCAEUOLA libro tertio responsorum. ] §31.0.88.12Damae et Pamphilo, quos testamento manumiserat, fundum dedit ita, ut post mortem suam filiis suis restituerent: eodem testamento petiit ab heredibus suis, ut Pamphilam manumitterent, quae Pamphila filia naturalis erat Pamphili: idem Pamphilus post diem legati sui cedentem testamento heredem instituit Maeuium eiusque fidei commissit, ut hereditatem suam, id est fundi supra scripti partem dimidiam, quam solam in bonis ex testamento patronae suae habebat, Pamphilae filiae suae, cum primum libera fuisset, restitueret.
He gave an estate to Dama and Pamphilus, whom he had manumitted by testament, on the condition that after their death they should restore it to their children. In the same testament, he requested of his heirs that they manumit Pamphila, who was the natural daughter of Pamphilus. After the day of vesting of his legacy, the same Pamphilus appointed Maeuius as heir in his testament and entrusted to his faith to restore his inheritance—that is, the half share of the above-mentioned estate, which was the only thing he had in his property from the testament of his patroness—to his daughter Pamphila as soon as she should be free.
quaero Pamphila manumissa, utrum ex testamento superiore patris sui patronae eam partem petere possit an uero ex testamento patris naturalis ex causa fideicommissi habita ratione legis Falcidiae.
I ask, upon Pamphila being manumitted, whether she can claim that share from the prior testament of her father's patroness, or indeed from the testament of her natural father on the ground of a trust, taking into account the calculation of the Lex Falcidia.
respondi ex his quae proponerentur probari Pamphilam dumtaxat ex testamento superiore fideicommissum petere posse.
I replied that, according to the facts proposed, it was proved that Pamphila could claim the trust only from the prior testament.
CLAUDIUS. quia creditur appellatione filiorum et naturales liberos, id est in seruitute susceptos contineri.
CLAUDIUS: because it is believed that natural children, that is, those conceived in slavery, are also included under the designation of children.
§31.0.88.13SCAEUOLA. Codicillis Gaio Seio centum legauit eiusque fidei commisit, ut ancillae testatoris ea daret: quaero, an utile fideicommissum sit, quod legatarius ancillae testatoris dare iussus est.
SCAEUOLA. In codicils, he bequeathed one hundred to Gaius Seius and entrusted to his faith to give it to the female slave of the testator. I ask whether the trust which the legatee was ordered to give to the female slave of the testator is valid.
respondi non esse.
I replied that it is not.
item, si utile non est, an legatarius heredi, cuius ancilla est, restituere compellatur.
Likewise, if it is not valid, whether the legatee is compelled to restore it to the heir, whose female slave she is.
respondi non compelli: sed nec ipsum legatarium legatum petere posse.
I replied that he is not compelled; but neither can the legatee himself claim the legacy.
§31.0.88.14Insulam libertis utriusque sexus legauit ita, ut ex reditu eius masculi duplum, feminae simplum percipiant, eamque alienari uetuit: ex consensu omnium ab herede uenumdata est: quaero, an et ex pretio insulae duplum mares, simplum feminae caperent.
He bequeathed a residential building to his freedmen of both sexes on the condition that from its income the males should receive double, the females single, and he forbade it to be alienated. With the consent of all, it was sold by the heir. I ask whether the males would also take double and the females single from the price of the building.
respondi ob pretium. nullam fideicommissi persecutionem esse, nisi ca mente uenditioni consenserunt, ut similiter ex pretio mares quidem duplum, feminae autem simplum consequantur.
I replied that regarding the price, there is no action for the trust, unless they consented to the sale with the intention that the males should likewise obtain double and the females single from the price.
§31.0.88.15Instituto filio herede et ex eo nepotibus emancipatis testator ita cauit: ‘Βούλομαι δὲ τὰς ἐμὰς οἰκίας μὴ πωλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κληρονόμων μου μηδὲ δανείζεσθαι κατ᾽ αὐτῶν, ἀλλὰ μένειν αὐτὰς ἀκεραίας αὐτοῖς καὶ υἱοῖς καὶ ἐκγόνοις εἰς τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον. ἐὰν δέ τις βουληθῇ αὐτῶν πωλῆσαι τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ ἢ δανείσασθαι κατ᾽ αὐτοῦ, ἐξουσίαν ἐχέτω πωλῆσαι τῷ συγκληρονόμῳ αὐτοῦ καὶ δανείζεσθαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ. ἐὰν δέ τις παρὰ ταῦτα ποιήσῃ, ἔσται τὸ χρηματιζόμενον ἄχρηστον καὶ ἄκυρον'.
Having appointed his son as heir and emancipated grandsons from him, the testator provided as follows: ‘Βούλομαι δὲ τὰς ἐμὰς οἰκίας μὴ πωλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κληρονόμων μου μηδὲ δανείζεσθαι κατ᾽ αὐτῶν, ἀλλὰ μένειν αὐτὰς ἀκεραίας αὐτοῖς καὶ υἱοῖς καὶ ἐκγόνοις εἰς τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον. ἐὰν δέ τις βουληθῇ αὐτῶν πωλῆσαι τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ ἢ δανείσασθαι κατ᾽ αὐτοῦ, ἐξουσίαν ἐχέτω πωλῆσαι τῷ συγκληρονόμῳ αὐτοῦ καὶ δανείζεσθαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ. ἐὰν δέ τις παρὰ ταῦτα ποιήσῃ, ἔσται τὸ χρηματιζόμενον ἄχρηστον καὶ ἄκυρον'.
quaeritur, cum filius defuncti mutuam pecuniam a Flauia Dionysia acceperit et locatis aedibus pro parte sua pensiones sibi debitas creditrici delegauerit, an condicio testamenti exstitisse uideatur, ut filiis suis fideicommissi nomine teneatur.
It is asked, when the son of the deceased received a loan of money from Flavia Dionysia and, having leased the buildings, delegated the rents due to him in proportion to his share to the creditor, whether the condition of the testament seems to have been fulfilled, so that he is bound to his sons under the name of a trust.
respondi secundum ea quae proponerentur non exstitisse.
I replied that, according to the facts proposed, it was not fulfilled.
§31.0.88.16Matre et uxore heredibus institutis ita cauit: 'a te, uxor carissima, peto, ne quid post mortem tuam fratribus tuis relinquas: habes filios sororum tuarum, quibus relinquas. scis unum fratrem tuum filium nostrum occidisse, dum ei rapinam facit: sed et alius mihi deteriora fecit'.
Having appointed his mother and wife as heirs, he provided as follows: 'I ask of you, dearest wife, that you leave nothing to your brothers after your death; you have the sons of your sisters to whom you may leave it.
quaero, cum uxor intestata decessit et legitima eius hereditas ad fratrem pertineat, an sororis filii fideicommissum ab eo petere possunt.
You know that one brother of yours killed our son while committing robbery against him; and indeed the other has done worse things to me.' It is asked, when the wife died intestate and her legal inheritance belongs to her brother, whether the sister's sons can claim the trust from him.
respondi posse defendi fideicommissum deberi.
I replied that it can be defended that the trust is due.
§31.0.88.17'Lucius Titius hoc meum testamentum scripsi sine ullo iuris perito, rationem animi mei potius secutus quam nimiam et miseram diligentiam: et si minus aliquid legitime minusue perite fecero, pro iure legitimo haberi debet hominis sani uoluntas': deinde heredes instituit.
'I, Lucius Titius, have written this my testament without any legal expert, having followed the reason of my mind rather than an excessive and wretched diligence; and if I have done anything less legally or less expertly, the will of a sane man ought to be held as legal right.' Afterwards, he appointed heirs.
quaesitum est intestati eius bonorum possessione petita, an portiones adscriptae ex causa fideicommissi peti possunt.
It was asked, upon possession of his property being claimed as if intestate, whether the shares allocated can be claimed on the ground of a trust.
respondi secundum ea quae proponerentur posse.
I replied that, according to the facts proposed, they can.