[IDEM libro trigesimo tertio digestorum. ] §30.1.82.prNon quocumque modo si legatarii res facta fuerit die cedente, obligatio legati exstinguitur, sed ita, si eo modo fuerit eius, quo auelli non possit.
[The same, Digest, Book 33.] It is not in just any manner that, if the thing has become the legatee's property on the day the right vests, the obligation of the legacy is extinguished, but only if it has become his in such a way that it cannot be torn away from him.
ponamus rem, quae mihi pure legata sit, accipere me per traditionem die legati cedente ab eo herede, a quo eadem sub condicione alii legata fuerit: nempe agam ex testamento, quia is status est eius, ut existente condicione discessurum sit a me dominium.
Let us suppose that I receive by delivery, on the day the legacy vests, a thing which was bequeathed to me unconditionally, from that heir by whom the same thing had been bequeathed to another under a condition: indeed, I shall bring an action on the will, because its status is such that if the condition is fulfilled, the ownership will depart from me.
nam et si ex stipulatione mihi Stichus debeatur et is, cum sub condicione alii legatus esset, factus fuerit meus ex causa lucratina, nihilo minus exsistente condicione ex stipulatu agere potero.
For even if Stichus is owed to me under a stipulation, and, having been bequeathed to another under a condition, has become mine by a lucrative title, I shall nonetheless be able to bring an action on the stipulation if the condition is fulfilled.
§30.1.82.1Si ex bonis eius, qui rei publicae causa aberat, rem usu adquisierim et ea antequam euinceretur mihi legata sit, deinde postea euincatur, recte ex testamento petam eam mihi dari oportere.
If I have acquired a thing by usucapion from the property of one who was absent on public business, and it was bequeathed to me before it was recovered by eviction, and is afterwards evicted, I will rightly claim on the will that it ought to be given to me.
§30.1.82.2Fundus mihi legatus est: proprietatem eius fundi redemi detracto usu fructu: postea uenditor capite minutus est et usus fructus ad me pertinere coepit.
A tract of land was bequeathed to me: I bought back the bare ownership of that land, excluding the usufruct; afterwards the seller suffered a change of status, and the usufruct began to belong to me.
si ex testamento egero, iudex tanti litem aestimare debebit, quantum mihi aberit.
If I bring an action on the will, the judge must estimate the value of the suit at as much as I am lacking.
§30.1.82.3MARCELLUS. Idem erit et si partem redemero, pars mihi legata est aut donata: partem enim dumtaxat petere debebo.
MARCELLUS. The same will hold if I have bought back a part, and a part has been bequeathed or donated to me; for I shall have to claim only a part.
§30.1.82.4IULIANUS. Quod si legatum mihi est quod ex Pamphila natum erit, ego Pamphilam mercatus sum et ea apud me peperit, non possum uideri partum ex causa lucratiua habere, quia matrem eius mercatus sum: argumentum rei est, quod euicto eo actio ex empto competit.
JULIAN. But if there was bequeathed to me what should be born of Pamphila, and I bought Pamphila, and she gave birth while with me, I cannot be deemed to have the offspring by a lucrative title, because I bought its mother; the proof of this is that if the offspring is evicted, an action on the purchase lies.
§30.1.82.5Qui Gaium et Lucium eiusdem pecuniae reos habebat si ita legauerit: 'Quod mihi Gaius debet, id heres meus Sempronio damnas esto dare: quod mihi Lucius debet, id heres meus Maeuio damnas esto dare', eam condicionem heredis sui constituit, ut is necesse habeat alteri actiones suas, alteri litis aestimationem praestare.
If a person who had Gaius and Lucius as debtors liable for the same sum of money bequeathed as follows: 'Whatever Gaius owes me, let my heir be condemned to give it to Sempronius; whatever Lucius owes me, let my heir be condemned to give it to Maevius,' he established such a condition for his heir that the latter must of necessity make over his actions to one, and pay the estimated value of the suit to the other.
si tamen uiuus testator Gaio acceptum fecit, necesse est, ut Sempronii et Maeuii legatum inutile sit.
If, however, the testator during his lifetime released Gaius from the debt, it is necessary that the legacy of both Sempronius and Maevius be void.
§30.1.82.6Cum mihi Stichus aut Pamphilus legati fuissent duorum testamentis et Stichum ex altero testamento consecutus fuissem, ex altero Pamphilum petere possum, quia et si uno testamento Stichus aut Pamphilus legati fuissent et Stichus ex causa lucratiua meus factus fuisset, nihilo minus Pamphilum petere possem.
When Stichus or Pamphilus had been bequeathed to me by the wills of two persons, and I had obtained Stichus under one of the wills, I can claim Pamphilus under the other; because even if Stichus or Pamphilus had been bequeathed under one will, and Stichus had become mine by a lucrative title, I could nonetheless claim Pamphilus.