[ULPIANUS libro uicesimo quinto ad Sabinum. ] §30.1.53.prQuid ergo, si maiorem quantitatem a substituto reliquit? quod excedit, hoc erit, quod a substituto relictum est: quod uero concurrit cum summa superioribus tabulis inscripta, inde debebitur.
[ULPIANUS, Book 25 on Sabinus.] What then if he left a larger sum from the substitute? That which exceeds will be what was left by the substitute; but that which concurs with the sum written in the prior tablets will be owed therefrom.
§30.1.53.1Sed si repetierit legatum cum alio, forte fundum mihi legauerat ab impubere, repetiit hunc ab impuberis herede mihi et Seio, repetitio haec efficiet, ut pars mihi debeatur.
But if he repeated the legacy with another—for instance, he had bequeathed a tract of land to me from the pupillarily substituted youth, and he repeated this from the heir of the youth to me and Seius—this repetition will have the effect that a share is owed to me.
§30.1.53.2Si quis duos heredes scripserit et damnauerit unumquemque solidam rem legatario praestare, idem est atque si duobus testamentis legatum esset: nam et si mihi et filio uel seruo meo esset eodem testamento legatum, sine dubio ualeret legatum utriusque, ut et Marcellus apud Iulianum adicit.
If someone appointed two heirs and charged each of them to perform the entire thing to the legatee, it is the same as if it had been bequeathed in two testaments; for even if a legacy had been left to me and to my son or slave in the same testament, the legacy of both would undoubtedly be valid, as Marcellus also adds in Julian.
§30.1.53.3Si heres hominem legatum occidit ob facinus, hoc est merentem, sine dubio dicendum erit eum ex testamento non teneri.
If the heir killed the bequeathed slave on account of a crime, that is, one who deserved it, it must undoubtedly be said that he is not liable under the testament.
§30.1.53.4Sed si noxae dedit, an teneatur, quia potest redimere? et puto teneri.
But if he surrendered him for noxal damage, is he liable, since he can redeem him? And I think he is liable.
§30.1.53.5Sed si animal legatum occiderit, puto teneri, non ut carnem praestet uel cetera λείψανα, sed ut praestet pretium, quanti esset, si uiueret.
But if he killed a bequeathed animal, I think he is liable, not to perform the meat or other remains, but to perform the price of how much it would be worth if it were alive.
§30.1.53.6Item si aedes legatas ob damnum infectum possideri passus est, puto eum teneri: debuit enim repromittere.
Likewise, if he allowed the bequeathed building to be possessed on account of threatened damage, I think he is liable; for he ought to have given security.
§30.1.53.7Sed si mortuum intulit fecitque religiosum locum legatum, si quidem patrem familias intulit, cum alio inferre non posset uel tam oportune non haberet, ex testamento non tenebitur: an uero teneatur, ut pretium loci praestet? et si quidem ipse pater familias illo inferri uoluit, ex testamento non tenebitur: quod si heres intulit suo arbitrio, debebit praestare, si sit in hereditate, unde pretium praestetur: testator enim qui legauit uel alio inferri uoluit uel pretium loci legatario offerri.
But if he brought in a corpse and made the bequeathed place religious—if indeed he brought in the father of the family, when he could not bring him in elsewhere or did not have a place so convenient, he will not be liable under the testament. But is he liable to perform the price of the place? And if indeed the father of the family himself wished to be brought in there, he will not be liable under the testament; but if the heir brought him in of his own accord, he must perform it, provided there is enough in the inheritance from which the price may be paid; for the testator who bequeathed either wished to be brought in elsewhere or wished the price of the place to be offered to the legatee.
§30.1.53.8Item si seruum non ipse occidit, sed compulit ad maleficium, ut ab alio occideretur uel supplicio adficeretur, aequissimum erit pretium eum praestare: quod si sua mala mente ad hoc processit, cessabit aestimatio.
Likewise, if he did not kill the slave himself, but drove him to a crime so that he was killed by another or punished, it will be most equitable for him to perform the price; but if the slave proceeded to this of his own evil mind, the valuation will cease.
§30.1.53.9Seruus legatus si ab hostibus captus sit sine dolo heredis, non praestabitur, si dolo, praestabitur.
If the bequeathed slave is captured by enemies without the fraud of the heir, he will not be performed; if with fraud, he will be performed.