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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §30.1.22.pr

Substitution and Claim to Surviving Animals in Bequest of a Herd

Passage 4618 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Pomponius explains that a bequeathed flock remains the same despite substitutions of individual beasts, and even if only one ox survives, it can still be claimed, comparing this to claiming the site of a burned-down apartment building.

[POMPONIUS libro quinto ad Sabinum. ] §30.1.22.prSi grege legato aliqua pecora uiuo testatore mortua essent in eorumque locum aliqua essent substituta, eundem gregem uideri: et si deminutum ex eo grege pecus esset et uel unus bos superesset, eum uindicari posse, quamuis grex desisset esse: quemadmodum insula legata, si combusta esset, area possit uindicari.
[POMPONIUS, Book 5 of Commentary on Sabinus.] If a flock is bequeathed, and some beasts die while the testator is still alive and others are substituted in their place, it is considered to be the same flock; and if the livestock of that flock is so diminished that only a single ox survives, this one can be claimed, although the flock has ceased to exist: just as, when an apartment building has been bequeathed, if it is burned down, the site can be claimed.

Notes

  1. 30.1.22.pruiuo testatore — An ablative absolute construction consisting of the noun testatore ("testator") and the adjective uiuo ("alive"), expressing time ("while the testator was still alive").
  2. 30.1.22.pruideri ... posse — The entire passage is in indirect speech (oratio obliqua) with the governing verb of saying (such as scribit or ait) omitted. Both uideri and posse function as infinitives in accusative-with-infinitive (AcI) clauses.
  3. 30.1.22.pruindicari — Present passive infinitive of the verb uindico ("to claim, vindicate"), referring to the assertion of ownership through the Roman real action (rei vindicatio).
  4. 30.1.22.prinsula legata — The subject insula ("apartment building") with the participle legata ("bequeathed") in the clause introduced by quemadmodum ("just as"). It functions as a topic-introducing nominal phrase ("as for the bequeathed building, if it is burned down, the site can be claimed").

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §30.1.22.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:30.1.22.pr

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