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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §29.7.7.pr-29.7.7.1

Codicils After Loss of Capacity and Relevant Time

Passage 4583 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This chunk explains that a prior confirmation of codicils does not apply to codicils written after losing the capacity to make a will, and that for factual matters, the relevant point of time is the creation of the codicils, not the will.

[IDEM libro secundo regularum. ] §29.7.7.prQuaedam non referuntur ad confirmationem codicillorum, ueluti si ante captiuitatem quis codicillos confirmauerit et in captiuitate codicillos scribat: nam non ualent.
[THE SAME, in his second book of Rules.] Certain things are not referred back to the confirmation of codicils; for example, if someone confirmed codicils before captivity and writes codicils while in captivity: for they are not valid.
idem est, si aliquo modo ius testamenti faciendi desierit habere.
The same is true if in any way he has ceased to have the right to make a will.
§29.7.7.1Praeterea in illis, quae non iuris, sed facti sunt, non est perinde habendum quod codicillis scribitur, atque si ubi confirmatio scriptum fuisset: ueluti si ita in codicillis scriptum erit: 'uestem quae mea est', codicillorum tempus spectandum, non quo confirmantur: item 'si Titius uiuus est' uel 'si tot annis est', codicillis legauit Seio, tempus codicillorum, non quo tempore fit testamentum, spectandum.
Furthermore, in those matters which are not of law but of fact, what is written in codicils is not to be regarded in the same way as if it had been written at the time of the confirmation: for example, if it is written in codicils: 'the clothing which is mine,' the time of the codicils must be looked at, not the time at which they are confirmed; likewise, if he bequeathed to Seius by codicils 'if Titius is alive' or 'if he is so many years old,' the time of the codicils, not the time when the will is made, must be looked at.

Notes

  1. §29.7.7.prnon referuntur ad confirmationem — Literally 'are not referred to the confirmation,' meaning that the effect of a prior confirmation of codicils made in a will does not extend or apply retrospectively to codicils written after a subsequent loss of capacity (such as being taken captive).
  2. §29.7.7.1non est perinde habendum... atque si ubi — A comparative construction combining `perinde... atque si` ('just as if') with the relative adverb `ubi` indicating time or situation. It states that the matter should not be treated in the same way as if it had been written at the time (or in the situation) when the confirmation (i.e., the will) was written.
  3. §29.7.7.1tempus... spectandum — A gerundive construction of necessity with `spectandum` (governing the neuter subject `tempus`), where the copula `est` is omitted, meaning 'the time must be looked at' or 'considered.'

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §29.7.7.pr-29.7.7.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:29.7.7.pr-29.7.7.1

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