[ULPIANUS libro primo ad edictum aedilium curulium. ] §21.1.31.12Culpam omnem accipiemus, non utique latam: propter quod dicendum est, quamcumque occasionem morti emptor praestitit, debere eum: etiam si non adhibuit medicum, ut sanari possit, uel malum adhibuit, sed culpa sua.
We shall accept any fault, not by any means only gross fault; therefore, it must be said that whatever opportunity for death the buyer has provided, he must be held responsible, even if his failure to call a doctor so that the slave could be cured, or his calling a bad doctor, was due to his own fault.
§21.1.31.13Sed hoc dicemus, si ante iudicium acceptum decessit: ceterum si post iudicium acceptum decessisse proponatur, tunc in arbitrium iudicis ueniet, qualiter mortuus sit: ut enim et Pedio uidetur, ea, quaecumque post litis contestationem contingunt, arbitrium iudicis desiderant.
But we shall say this if he died before the joinder of issue; on the other hand, if it is proposed that he died after the joinder of issue, then it will come to the discretion of the judge how he died; for, as it also seems to Pedius, whatever occurs after the joinder of issue requires the discretion of the judge.
§21.1.31.14Quod in procuratore diximus, idem et in tutore et curatore dicendum erit ceterisque, qui ex officio pro aliis interueniunt: et ita Pedius ait, et adicit, quibus administratio rerum, culpam abesse praestare non inique dominum cogi.
What we have said regarding a procurator must also be said of a guardian, a curator, and others who intervene for others by virtue of their office; and so Pedius says, and adds that, as to those who have the administration of affairs, the master is not unfairly compelled to guarantee the absence of fault.
§21.1.31.15Idem Pedius ait familiae appellatione et filios familias demonstrari: facta enim domesticorum redhibitoria agentem praestare uoluit.
The same Pedius says that by the term "family" children under power are also indicated; for the edict wished the person bringing the action for redhibition to guarantee the acts of his household.
§21.1.31.16Si quis egerit quanto minoris propter serui fugam, deinde agat propter morbum, quanti fieri condemnatio debeat? et quidem saepius agi posse quanto minoris dubium non est, sed ait Iulianus id agendum esse, ne lucrum emptor faciat et bis eiusdem rei aestimationem consequatur,
If anyone has brought an action for reduction of price on account of the flight of a slave, and then brings one on account of a disease, for how much should the condemnation be made? And indeed, there is no doubt that an action for reduction of price can be brought multiple times, but Julian says that this must be managed lest the buyer make a profit and obtain the valuation of the same thing twice.
§21.1.31.17In factum actio competit ad pretium reciperandum, si mancipium redhibitum fuerit: in qua non hoc quaeritur, an mancipium in causa redhibitionis fuerit, sed hoc tantum, an sit redhibitum, nec immerito: iniquum est enim, posteaquam uenditor agnouit recipiendo mancipium esse id in causa redhibitionis, tunc quaeri, utrum debuerit redhiberi an non debuerit: nec de tempore quaeretur, an intra tempora redhibitus esse uideatur.
An action on the case is available for recovering the price if the slave has been returned; in this action, it is not asked whether the slave was subject to redhibition, but only whether he was returned, and not without reason; for it is unfair, after the seller has acknowledged by receiving the slave that he was subject to redhibition, that it should then be asked whether he ought to have been returned or not; nor will there be any inquiry concerning the time, as to whether he appears to have been returned within the prescribed period.
§21.1.31.18Illud plane haec actio exigit, ut sit redhibitus: ceterum nisi fuerit redhibitus, deficit ista actio, etiamsi nudo consensu placuerit, ut redhibeatur.
This action clearly requires that he has been returned; but unless he has been returned, this action fails, even if it was agreed by mere consent that he should be returned.
conuentio ergo de redhibendo non facit locum huic actioni, sed ipsa redhibitio.
Therefore, an agreement concerning redhibition does not make room for this action, but the redhibition itself does.
§21.1.31.19Restitui autem debet per hanc actionem etiam quod ei seruo in uenditione accessit.
Moreover, whatever accrued to the slave in the sale must also be restored by this action.
§21.1.31.20Quia adsidua est duplae stipulatio, idcirco placuit etiam ex empto agi posse, si duplam uenditor mancipii non caueat: ea enim, quae sunt moris et consuetudinis, in bonae fidei iudiciis debent uenire.
Since the stipulation of double the price is constant, for that reason it was decided that an action on purchase can also be brought if the seller does not provide security for double the price of the slave; for those things which are of custom and usage ought to come into actions of good faith.
§21.1.31.21Qui mancipia uendunt, nationem cuiusque in uenditione pronuntiare debent: plerumque enim natio serui aut prouocat aut deterret emptorem: idcirco interest nostra scire nationem: praesumptum etenim est quosdam seruos bonos esse, quia natione sunt non infamata, quosdam malos uideri, quia ea natione sunt, quae magis infamis est.
Those who sell slaves must declare the origin of each in the sale; for generally the origin of a slave either attracts or deters a buyer; therefore, it is in our interest to know the origin; for it is presumed that certain slaves are good because they are of an origin that is not disreputable, while others seem bad because they are of an origin that is more disreputable.
quod si de natione ita pronuntiatum non erit, iudicium emptori omnibusque ad quos ea res pertinebit dabitur, per quod emptor redhibet mancipium.
But if the origin is not declared in this way, an action will be given to the buyer and to all to whom the matter pertains, through which the buyer returns the slave.
§21.1.31.22Si quid ita uenierit, ut, nisi placuerit, intra praefinitum tempus redhibeatur, ea conuentio rata habetur: si autem de tempore nihil conuenerit, in factum actio intra sexaginta dies utiles accommodatur emptori ad redhibendum, ultra non.
If anything has been sold on condition that, unless it pleases, it should be returned within a predefined time, that agreement is held valid; but if nothing has been agreed concerning the time, an action on the case is granted to the buyer for redhibition within sixty available days, and not beyond.
si uero conuenerit, ut in perpetuum redhibitio fiat, puto hanc conuentionem ualere.
If, however, it has been agreed that the redhibition may be made in perpetuity, I think this agreement is valid.
§21.1.31.23Item si tempus sexaginta dierum praefinitum redhibitioni praeteriit, causa cognita iudicium dabitur: in causae autem cognitione hoc uersabitur, si aut mora fuit per uenditorem, aut non fuit praesens cui redderetur, aut aliqua iusta causa intercessit, cur intra diem redhibitum mancipium non est, quod ei magis displicuerat.
Likewise, if the predefined period of sixty days for redhibition has passed, an action will be given after an inquiry into the case; and in the inquiry into the case, this will be the issue: whether there was delay on the part of the seller, or the person to whom the slave was to be returned was not present, or some just cause intervened why the slave, which had increasingly displeased him, was not returned within the day.
§21.1.31.24In his autem actionibus eadem erunt obseruanda, quae de partu fructibus accessionibus quaeque de mortuo redhibendo dicta sunt.
But in these actions, the same rules must be observed which have been stated concerning offspring, fruits, accessions, and concerning the return of a dead slave.
§21.1.31.25Quod emptioni accedit, partem esse uenditionis prudentibus uisum est.
What accrues to a purchase was deemed by the jurists to be part of the sale.