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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §20.6.5.pr-20.6.5.3

Mortgage Release via Pact not to Sue and Sureties

Passage 3003 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This section explains the various ways a mortgage is released (such as agreements not to sue, the substitution of a surety, and the taking of an oath), contrasting them with the sale of the right of obligation.

[MARCIANUS libro singulari ad formulam hypothecariam. ] §20.6.5.prSoluitur hypotheca et si ab ea discedatur aut paciscatur creditor, ne pecuniam petat: nisi si quis dicat pactum interpositum esse, ut a persona non petatur.
[MARCIANUS, in his single book on the Formula for a Mortgage.] A mortgage is also released if it is departed from, or if the creditor agrees not to demand the money; unless someone should say that the agreement was interposed so that it should not be demanded from the person.
et quid si hoc actum sit, cum forte alius hypothecam possidebit? sed cum pactum conuentum exceptionem perpetuam pariat, eadem et in hoc casu possunt dici, ut et ab hypotheca discedatur.
And what if this was done when, perchance, another person will possess the mortgage? But since an agreed pact produces a perpetual exception, the same can be said in this case also, so that there is a departure from the mortgage as well.
§20.6.5.1Si paciscatur creditor, ne intra annum pecuniam petat, intellegitur de hypotheca quoque idem pactus esse.
If a creditor agrees not to demand the money within a year, he is understood to have agreed the same concerning the mortgage as well.
§20.6.5.2Si conuenerit, ut pro hypotheca fideiussor daretur, et datus sit, satisfactum uidebitur, ut hypotheca liberetur.
If it has been agreed that a surety should be given instead of the mortgage, and he has been given, satisfaction will seem to have been made, so that the mortgage is released.
aliud est, si ius obligationis uendiderit creditor et pecuniam acceperit: tunc enim manent omnes obligationes integrae, quia pretii loco id accipitur, non solutionis nomine.
It is otherwise if the creditor has sold the right of the obligation and received the money; for then all obligations remain intact, because this is received in place of a price, not by way of payment.
§20.6.5.3Satisfactum esse creditori intellegitur et si iusiurandum delatum datum est hypothecae non esse rem obligatam.
It is understood that satisfaction has been made to the creditor also if, an oath having been tendered, it was sworn that the thing was not bound to a mortgage.

Notes

  1. §20.6.5.prab ea discedatur — Impersonal passive construction. To 'depart' from the mortgage (hypotheca) here refers to the creditor's voluntary waiver or relinquishment of the security right.
  2. §20.6.5.3iusiurandum delatum datum est — The perfect participle delatum modifies iusiurandum, indicating that the oath was 'tendered' (proposed) by the other party. datum est is the passive perfect of iusiurandum dare (to take an oath), representing the completion of the formal oath procedure in litigation.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §20.6.5.pr-20.6.5.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:20.6.5.pr-20.6.5.3

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