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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §19.1.23.pr

Liability for Manumitting a Slave Sold with Peculium

Passage 2789 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The scope of the seller's liability and the required security when they manumit a slave sold with a peculium, along with Marcellus' note limiting the liability to what the buyer would have actually obtained.

[IDEM libro tertio decimo digestorum. ] §19.1.23.prSi quis seruum, quem cum peculio uendiderat, manumiserit, non solum peculii nomine, quod seruus habuit tempore quo manumittebatur, sed et eorum, quae postea adquirit, tenetur et praeterea cauere debet, quidquid ex hereditate liberti ad eum peruenerit, restitutu iri.
[THE SAME, Digest, Book XIII.] If anyone manumits a slave whom he had sold with his peculium, he is liable not only on account of the peculium which the slave possessed at the time he was manumitted, but also for those things which the slave acquires afterwards, and moreover he must give security that whatever comes to him from the inheritance of the freedman will be restored.
MARCELLUS notat: illa praestare uenditor ex empto debet, quae haberet emptor, si homo manumissus non esset: non continebuntur igitur, quae, si manumissus non fuit, adquisiturus non esset.
MARCELLUS notes: the seller must make good under the action on purchase those things which the buyer would have had if the slave had not been manumitted; therefore, those things which the slave would not have acquired if he had not been manumitted will not be included.

Notes

  1. §19.1.23.prrestitutu iri — The reading `restitutu iri` is a variant spelling or scribal error for `restitutum iri` (future passive infinitive). It forms an indirect statement with `quidquid... peruenerit` acting as the subject accusative, depending on `cauere debet` (he must give security).
  2. §19.1.23.preorum, quae postea adquirit — The genitive `eorum` depends on `nomine` understood from the preceding `peculii nomine` (i.e., `eorum nomine`). The subject of `adquirit` is the slave (`seruus`), who is the referent of the relative clause's antecedent.
  3. §19.1.23.prex empto — A legal idiom meaning "by the action on purchase" (actio ex empto), modifying adverbially `praestare... debet` (the seller must make good).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §19.1.23.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:19.1.23.pr

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