[PAULUS libro tertio quaestionum. ] §12.1.40.prLecta est in auditorio Aemilii Papiniani praefecti praetorio iuris consulti cautio huiusmodi: 'Lucius Titius scripsi me accepisse a Publio Maeuio quindecim mutua numerata mihi de domo et haec quindecim proba recte dari kalendis futuris stipulatus est Publius Maeuius, spopondi ego Lucius Titius.
[PAULUS, from the third book of Questions.] In the court of Aemilius Papinianus, prefect of the praetorian guard and jurisconsult, a written acknowledgment of the following kind was read: 'I, Lucius Titius, have written that I received from Publius Maeuius, from his house, fifteen [thousand denarii] counted out as a loan, and Publius Maeuius stipulated, and I, Lucius Titius, promised, that these fifteen [thousand] would be properly given in good condition on the upcoming Kalends.
si die supra scripta summa Publio Maeuio eiue ad quem ea res pertinebit data soluta satisue eo nomine factum non erit, tunc eo amplius, quo post soluam, poenae nomine in dies triginta inque denarios centenos denarios singulos dari stipulatus est Publius Maeuius, spopondi ego Lucius Titius.
If on the above-written date the above-written sum is not given, paid, or satisfaction made on that account to Publius Maeuius or to whomsoever this matter shall belong, then Publius Maeuius stipulated, and I, Lucius Titius, promised, that by way of penalty, for every thirty days and for every hundred denarii, one denarius more should be given, in proportion to the time that I pay later.
conuenitque inter nos, uti pro Maeuio ex summa supra scripta menstruos refundere debeam denarios trecenos ex omni summa ei herediue eius. ' quaesitum est de obligatione usurarum, quoniam numerus mensium, qui solutioni competebat, transierat.
And it was agreed between us that I ought to refund to Maeuius from the above-written sum three hundred denarii monthly from the whole sum to him or his heir.' A question arose concerning the obligation for interest, because the number of months which was appropriate for the payment had elapsed.
dicebam, quia pacta in continenti facta stipulationi inesse creduntur, perinde esse, ac si per singulos menses certam pecuniam stipulatus, quoad tardius soluta esset, usuras adiecisset: igitur finito primo mense primae pensionis usuras currere et similiter post secundum et tertium tractum usuras non solutae pecuniae pensionis crescere nec ante sortis non solutae usuras peti posse quam ipsa sors peti potuerat.
I argued that, since agreements made at the time of a contract are believed to be inherent in the stipulation, it is just as if, having stipulated for a certain sum of money every month, he had added interest to the extent that it was paid late; therefore, when the first month ended, interest on the first installment began to run, and similarly after the lapse of the second and third months, interest on the unpaid installment of money increased, and the interest on the unpaid principal could not be demanded before the principal itself could have been demanded.
pactum autem quod subiectum est quidam dicebant ad sortis solutionem tantum pertinere, non etiam ad usurarum, quae priore parte simpliciter in stipulationem uenissent pactumque id tantum ad exceptionem prodesse et ideo non soluta pecunia statutis pensionibus ex die stipulationis usuras deberi, atque si id nominatim esset expressum.
However, some said that the agreement which was added below belonged only to the payment of the principal, and not also to the interest, which in the first part had come simply into the stipulation, and that this agreement was useful only for a defense; therefore, if the money was not paid in the designated installments, interest was owed from the day of the stipulation, just as if this had been expressly stated.
sed cum sortis petitio dilata sit, consequens est, ut etiam usurae ex eo tempore, quo moram fecit, accedant, et si, ut ille putabat, ad exceptionem tantum prodesset pactum (quamuis sententia diuersa optinuerit), tamen usurarum obligatio ipso iure non committetur: non enim in mora est is, a quo pecunia propter exceptionem peti non potest.
But since the demand for the principal has been postponed, it follows that the interest also accrues from the time he made default, and even if, as that person thought, the agreement were useful only for a defense (although a contrary opinion has prevailed), nevertheless the obligation for interest is not incurred by operation of law; for he from whom money cannot be demanded because of a defense is not in default.
sed quantitatem, quae medio tempore colligitur, stipulamur, cum condicio exstiterit, sicut est in fructibus: idem et in usuris potest exprimi, ut ad diem non soluta pecunia quo competit usurarum nomine ex die interpositae stipulationis praestetur.
But we stipulate for the amount which is accumulated in the meantime when the condition is fulfilled, as is the case with fruits; the same can also be expressed in the case of interest, so that if the money is not paid on the due date, it is provided by way of interest from the day the stipulation was entered into, on the day when it becomes due.