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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §12.1.39.pr

Conditions Requiring Future Events to Have Legal Effect

Passage 1894 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Papinianus explains that an agreement or provision obtains the legal force of a condition only when it is directed to the future.

[PAPINIANUS libro primo definitionum. ] §12.1.39.prItaque tunc potestatem condicionis optinet, cum in futurum confertur.
[PAPINIANUS, from the first book of Definitions.] Therefore, it obtains the force of a condition only when it is directed to the future.

Notes

  1. §12.1.39.prtunc ... cum — The correlation between the adverb tunc and the conjunction cum does not merely denote simple simultaneity, but here carries a restrictive or conditional force ('only when...', 'only if...'). This fits the legal context where past or present facts do not constitute a 'condition' in the strict sense, and thus the force of a condition arises only when directed to the future.
  2. §12.1.39.proptinet — The verb optineo (obtineo) means 'to hold', 'maintain', or 'obtain'. The subject of this third-person singular active verb is not explicitly expressed, but from the context of the preceding text, it is understood to be an implicit subject such as the agreement (stipulatio or pactum) containing the provision.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §12.1.39.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:12.1.39.pr

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