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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §11.8.1.pr-11.8.1.10

Interdicts against Hindering Burial and Tomb Construction

Passage 1851 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Ulpian explains the praetorian prohibitory interdicts regarding the bringing in of a dead body and the building of a tomb, defining their scope of application and the specific acts covered by them.

[ULPIANUS libro sexagensimo octauo ad edictum. ] §11.8.1.prPraetor ait: 'Quo quaue illi mortuum inferre inuito te ius est, quo minus illi eo eaue mortuum inferre et ibi sepelire liceat, uim fieri ueto. ' §11.8.1.1Qui inferendi mortuum ius habet, non prohibetur inferre: prohiberi autem inferre uidetur, siue in locum inferre prohibeatur siue itinere arceatur. §11.8.1.2Hoc interdicto de mortuo inferendo dominus proprietatis uti potest, quod etiam de loco puro competit. §11.8.1.3Item si mihi in fundum uia debeatur, in quem fundum inferre uolo, et uia prohibear, hoc interdicto posse me experiri placuit, quia inferre prohibeor qui uia uti prohibeor: idque erit probandum et si alia seruitus debeatur. §11.8.1.4Hoc interdictum prohibitorium esse palam est. §11.8.1.5Praetor ait: 'Quo illi ius est inuito te mortuum inferre, quominus illi in eo loco sepulchrum sine dolo malo aedificare liceat, uim fieri ueto. ' §11.8.1.6Interdictum hoc propterea propositum est, quia religionis interest monumenta exstrui et exornari. §11.8.1.7Facere sepulchrum siue monumentum in loco, in quo ei ius est, nemo prohibetur. §11.8.1.8Aedificare uidetur prohibere et qui prohibet eam materiam conuehi, quae aedificio necessaria sit.
[ULPIAN, On the Edict, book 68]\n\nThe praetor says: "Where or by which way he has the right to bring in a dead body against your will, I forbid force to be used to prevent him from bringing in a dead body to that place or by that way and burying it there."\n\nHe who has the right of bringing in a dead body is not to be prohibited from bringing it in; moreover, he is deemed to be prohibited from bringing it in, whether he is prohibited from bringing it into the place or is barred from the route.\n\nThis interdict concerning the bringing in of a dead body can be used by the owner of the property, which is also available in respect of an unconsecrated place.\n\nLikewise, if a right of way is owed to me to an estate, into which estate I wish to bring [a dead body], and I am barred from the way, it is held that I can avail myself of this interdict, because I am prohibited from bringing [it] in since I am prohibited from using the way; and this will also have to be approved if another servitude is owed.\n\nIt is clear that this interdict is prohibitory.\n\nThe praetor says: "Where he has the right to bring in a dead body against your will, I forbid force to be used to prevent him from being allowed to build a tomb in that place without malicious intent."\n\nThis interdict was proposed for this reason, because it is of concern to religion that monuments are built and adorned.\n\nNo one is prohibited from making a grave or a monument in a place in which he has the right to do so.\n\nHe is also deemed to prohibit building who prohibits that material from being brought which is necessary for the building.
proinde et si operi necessarios prohibuit quis uenire, interdictum locum habet, et si machinam alligare quis prohibeat, si tamen eo loci prohibeat, qui seruitutem debeat: ceterum si in meo solo uelis machinam ponere, non tenebor interdicto, si iure te non patiar. §11.8.1.9Aedificare autem non solum qui nouum opus molitur intellegendus est, uerum is quoque, qui uult reficere. §11.8.1.10Is qui id agit, ut labatur sepulchrum, hoc interdicto tenetur.
Accordingly, even if someone has prohibited those necessary for the work from coming, the interdict has application; and also if someone prohibits the securing of a crane, provided, however, that he who owes the servitude prohibits it in that place; otherwise, if you wish to place a crane on my ground, I shall not be liable under the interdict if I lawfully do not permit you.\n\nMoreover, by "to build" must be understood not only one who undertakes a new work, but also one who wishes to repair.\n\nHe who acts to the end that a tomb should fall down is bound by this interdict.

Notes

  1. §11.8.1.prquo quaue — Relative adverbs quo (whither) and qua (by which way) combined with the enclitic conjunction -ue (or), corresponding respectively to the subsequent pronominal adverbs eo (thither) and ea (by that way).
  2. §11.8.1.3qui uia uti prohibeor — The antecedent of the relative pronoun qui is the implied subject of the main verb prohibeor (first person singular passive, "I"), and the verb within the relative clause (prohibeor) accordingly agrees in the first person singular.
  3. §11.8.1.6religionis interest — The impersonal verb interest takes the genitive of the person or thing concerned (here, religionis), meaning "it is of concern to religion" or "it is important for sacred matters."
  4. §11.8.1.8eo loci — The adverb of place eo (to that place / there) combined with the partitive genitive loci, functioning as an idiomatic expression meaning "in that place."

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §11.8.1.pr-11.8.1.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:11.8.1.pr-11.8.1.10

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