Humanitext Reader

Quintilian · Institutes of Oratory §12.4.1-12.4.2

Necessity of a Wealth of Precedents for the Orator

Passage 348 of 366 · Latin

Summary

Explains the importance of an orator's possessing a wealth of examples from both history and poetic fiction, noting that study allows one to acquire the knowledge and authority of age early in life.

§12.4.1in primis vero abundare debet orator exemplorum copia cum veterum, tum etiam novorum, adeo ut non ea modo, quae conscripta sunt historiis aut sermonibus velut per manus tradita, quaeque cotidie aguntur, debeat nosse, verum ne ea quidem, quae sunt a clarioribus poetis ficta, negligere.
Indeed, in the first place, the orator ought to abound in a wealth of examples, both old and new, so much so that he must not only know those things which are written down in histories or handed down as if by hand in conversations, and those things which are done daily, but also must not neglect even those things which are invented by the more illustrious poets.
§12.4.2nam illa quidem priora aut testimoniorum aut etiam iudicatorum obtinent locum, sed haec quoque aut vetustatis fide tuta sunt aut ab hominibus magnis praeceptorum loco ficta creduntur.
For those former things indeed obtain the place of testimonies or even of judgments, but these latter things also are either protected by the credit of antiquity or are believed to have been invented by great men in place of precepts.
sciat ergo quam plurima; unde etiam senibus auctoritas maior est, quod plura nosse et vidisse creduntur, quod Homerus frequentissime testatur.
Let him, therefore, know as many things as possible; whence also older men have greater authority, because they are believed to have known and seen more things, which Homer very frequently testifies.
sed non est exspectanda ultima aetas, cum studia praestent ut, quantum ad cognitionem pertinet rerum, etiam praeteritis saeculis vixisse videamur.
But the last stage of life is not to be waited for, since studies bring it about that, as far as pertains to the knowledge of things, we seem to have lived even in past ages.

Notes

  1. §12.4.1non ea modo... verum ne ea quidem... negligere — A correlative construction sharing the verb 'debeat'. While the first part has 'debeat nosse' (ought to know), the second part corresponds to 'debeat negligere', which combined with 'ne... quidem' translates as 'ought not even to neglect'.
  2. §12.4.2illa quidem priora... sed haec quoque — A contrast using demonstrative pronouns. 'illa priora' refers to the factual precedents in the previous sentence (history, oral tradition, daily events), whereas 'haec' refers to the poetic fictions.
  3. §12.4.2cum studia praestent ut... vixisse videamur — The verb 'praestent' (from 'praesto') here means 'to bring about' or 'to guarantee', governing an 'ut' clause of result. 'videamur vixisse' is a personal construction of 'videor' (to seem) with a perfect infinitive, meaning 'we seem to have lived'.

Cite this passage

Quintilian, Institutes of Oratory §12.4.1-12.4.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi1002.phi001.humanitext-lat2:12.4.1-12.4.2

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