Humanitext Reader

Ovid · The Heroines §4.1-4.88

Phaedra's Confession of Love to Hippolytus

Passage 7 of 54 · Latin

Summary

Phaedra confesses her uncontrollable love for her stepson Hippolytus, describing her passion along with the fatal heritage of her lineage and her admiration for his hunting activities.

§4.1Quam nisi tu dederis, caritura est ipsa, salutem §4.2Mittit Amazonio Cressa puella viro.
That health (and greeting) which she herself will lack unless you give it, the Cretan girl sends to the Amazonian man.
§4.3Perlege, quodcumque est — quid epistula lecta nocebit?
Read it through, whatever it is — what will a read letter hurt?
§4.4Te quoque in hac aliquid quod iuvet esse potest; §4.5His arcana notis terra pelagoque feruntur.
There can be something in this which may please you too; by these characters secrets are carried over land and sea.
§4.6Inspicit acceptas hostis ab hoste notas.
An enemy inspects the characters received from an enemy.
§4.7Ter tecum conata loqui ter inutilis haesit §4.8Lingua, ter in primo restitit ore sonus.
Three times trying to speak with you, three times the useless tongue cleaved, three times the sound stopped at the very front of the mouth.
§4.9Qua licet et sequitur, pudor est miscendus amori; §4.10Dicere quae puduit, scribere iussit amor.
Where it is permitted and where it follows, shame must be mixed with love; what she was ashamed to say, Love ordered her to write.
§4.11Quidquid Amor iussit, non est contemnere tutum; §4.12Regnat et in dominos ius habet ille deos.
Whatever Love has ordered, it is not safe to despise; he reigns and has right over the ruler gods.
§4.13Ille mihi primo dubitanti scribere dixit:
He said to me when I was at first hesitating to write: 'Write!
§4.14'Scribe! dabit victas ferreus ille manus. ' §4.15Adsit et, ut nostras avido fovet igne medullas, §4.16Figat sic animos in mea vota tuos!
That iron-hearted man will yield and stretch out his hands.' May he be present, and just as he warms our marrow with greedy fire, so may he fix your mind onto my vows!
§4.17Non ego nequitia socialia foedera rumpam; §4.18Fama — velim quaeras — crimine nostra vacat.
I shall not break the marriage bonds through depravity; my reputation — I wish you would ask — is free from crime.
§4.19Venit amor gravius, quo serius — urimur intus; §4.20Urimur, et caecum pectora vulnus habent.
Love comes more heavily, the later it comes — we are burned within; we are burned, and our breasts have a hidden wound.
§4.21Scilicet ut teneros laedunt iuga prima iuvencos, §4.22Frenaque vix patitur de grege captus equus, §4.23Sic male vixque subit primos rude pectus amores, §4.24Sarcinaque haec animo non sedet apta meo.
Indeed, just as the first yokes hurt tender steers, and the horse captured from the herd scarcely tolerates the reins, so a raw breast enters upon first loves with difficulty and pain, and this burden does not sit fitly on my mind.
§4.25Ars fit, ubi a teneris crimen condiscitur annis; §4.26Cui venit exacto tempore, peius amat.
It becomes an art, where crime is learned from tender years; he to whom love comes when proper time has passed, loves more miserably.
§4.27Tu nova servatae capies libamina famae, §4.28Et pariter nostrum fiet uterque nocens.
You will receive the first-fruits of my preserved reputation, and equally each of us will become guilty.
§4.29Est aliquid, plenis pomaria carpere ramis, §4.30Et tenui primam delegere ungue rosam.
It is something to pluck fruit from full branches, and to pick the first rose with a thin nail.
§4.31Si tamen ille prior, quo me sine crimine gessi, §4.32Candor ab insolita labe notandus erat, §4.33At bene successit, digno quod adurimur igni; §4.34Peius adulterio turpis adulter obest.
Yet if that former purity, in which I conducted myself without crime, had to be marked by an unaccustomed stain, at least it turned out well that we are burned by a worthy fire; a shameful adulterer hurts worse than adultery itself.
§4.35Si mihi concedat Iuno fratremque virumque, §4.36Hippolytum videor praepositura Iovi!
If Juno should grant to me her brother and husband, I seem likely to prefer Hippolytus to Jupiter!
§4.37Iam quoque — vix credes — ignotas mittor in artes; §4.38Est mihi per saevas impetus ire feras.
Even now — you will scarcely believe it — I am driven into unknown pursuits; I have an impulse to go through savage beasts.
§4.39Iam mihi prima dea est arcu praesignis adunco §4.40Delia; iudicium subsequor ipsa tuum.
Now my first goddess is the Delian, distinguished by her curved bow; I myself follow your own judgment.
§4.41In nemus ire libet pressisque in retia cervis §4.42Hortari celeris per iuga summa canes, §4.43Aut tremulum excusso iaculum vibrare lacerto, §4.44Aut in graminea ponere corpus humo.
I wish to go into the grove, and, when deer are pressed into nets, to urge on the swift dogs over the highest ridges, or to brandish a trembling javelin with brandished arm, or to lay my body on the grassy ground.
§4.45Saepe iuvat versare leves in pulvere currus §4.46Torquentem frenis ora fugacis equi; §4.47Nunc feror, ut Bacchi furiis Eleleides actae, §4.48Quaeque sub Idaeo tympana colle movent, §4.49Aut quas semideae Dryades Faunique bicornes §4.50Numine contactas attonuere suo.
Often it pleases to turn light chariots in the dust, twisting with reins the mouth of the fleeting horse; now I am carried away, like the Eleleides driven by the furies of Bacchus, and those who move the timbrels under the Idaean hill, or those whom the half-divine Dryads and two-horned Fauns have struck with panic, touched by their divine power.
§4.51Namque mihi referunt, cum se furor ille remisit, §4.52Omnia; me tacitam conscius urit amor.
For they report to me all things, when that madness has subsided; a conscious love burns me in my silence.
§4.53Forsitan hunc generis fato reddamus amorem, §4.54Et Venus ex tota gente tributa petat.
Perhaps we pay back this love by the fate of our lineage, and Venus demands tribute from the whole family.
§4.55Iuppiter Europen — prima est ea gentis origo — §4.56Dilexit, tauro dissimulante deum.
Jupiter loved Europa — that is the first origin of our race — while a bull disguised the god.
§4.57Pasiphae mater, decepto subdita tauro, §4.58Enixa est utero crimen onusque suo.
My mother Pasiphae, subjected to the deceived bull, bore from her womb a crime and a burden.
§4.59Perfidus Aegides, ducentia fila secutus, §4.60Curva meae fugit tecta sororis ope.
The treacherous son of Aegeus, following the leading threads, escaped the winding house by my sister's help.
§4.61En, ego nunc, ne forte parum Minoia credar, §4.62In socias leges ultima gentis eo!
Lo, I now, lest by chance I be believed too little a daughter of Minos, go as the last of my race into the family laws!
§4.63Hoc quoque fatale est: placuit domus una duabus; §4.64Me tua forma capit, capta parente soror.
This also is fatal: one house pleased two sisters; your beauty captures me, your father captured my sister.
§4.65Thesides Theseusque duas rapuere sorores — §4.66Ponite de nostra bina tropaea domo!
The son of Theseus and Theseus himself have carried off two sisters — set up double trophies from our house!
§4.67Tempore quo nobis inita est Cerealis Eleusin, §4.68Gnosia me vellem detinuisset humus!
At the time when Eleusis of Ceres was entered by us, I wish the Gnosian soil had held me back!
§4.69Tunc mihi praecipue (nec non tamen ante placebas) §4.70Acer in extremis ossibus haesit amor.
Then especially (though not that you did not please me before) a sharp love clung in my innermost bones.
§4.71Candida vestis erat, praecincti flore capilli, §4.72Flava verecundus tinxerat ora rubor, §4.73Quemque vocant aliae vultum rigidumque trucemque, §4.74Pro rigido Phaedra iudice fortis erat.
Your clothing was white, your hair bound with flowers, a modest blush had dyed your golden face, and that look which other women call stiff and fierce, with Phaedra as judge, was brave instead of stiff.
§4.75Sint procul a nobis iuvenes ut femina compti! — §4.76Fine coli modico forma virilis amat.
May those young men dressed like a woman be far from us! — a manly form loves to be adorned with moderate care.
§4.77Te tuus iste rigor positique sine arte capilli §4.78Et levis egregio pulvis in ore decet.
That stiffness of yours, and your hair arranged without art, and the light dust on your excellent face becomes you.
§4.79Sive ferocis equi luctantia colla recurvas, §4.80Exiguo flexos miror in orbe pedes; §4.81Seu lentum valido torques hastile lacerto, §4.82Ora ferox in se versa lacertus habet, §4.83Sive tenes lato venabula cornea ferro.
Whether you bend back the struggling neck of a fierce horse, I marvel at its bent feet in a small circle; or whether you hurl a flexible spear with strong arm, your fierce arm has my eyes turned toward itself; or whether you hold hunting spears of cornel wood with broad iron.
§4.84Denique nostra iuvat lumina, quidquid agis.
In short, whatever you do pleases my eyes.
§4.85Tu modo duritiam silvis depone iugosis; §4.86Non sum militia digna perire tua.
Only lay aside your harshness in the mountainous forests; I am not worthy to perish by your harsh warfare.
§4.87Quid iuvat incinctae studia exercere Dianae, §4.88Et Veneri numeros eripuisse suos?
What does it help to practice the pursuits of girt Diana, and to have snatched away from Venus her own numbers?

Notes

  1. 4.1Quam nisi tu dederis, caritura est ipsa, salutem — The antecedent `salutem` (accusative) is drawn into the relative clause `Quam...` (prolepsis/attraction). Additionally, `salutem` functions as a double meaning, signifying both 'sending greeting' in the epistolary context and 'giving salvation or health'.
  2. 4.14dabit victas ferreus ille manus — The Latin idiom `dare manus` means 'to yield, to surrender'. With the perfect passive participle `victas`, it reinforces the nuance of 'yielding and stretching out conquered hands' (admitting defeat).
  3. 4.36Hippolytum videor praepositura Iovi — The verb `videor` (to seem) is used here with the future active participle `praepositura` (about to prefer). It moves from the objective 'I seem to be about to...' to express a strong subjective intention, functioning as a poetic, euphemistic resolve: 'I am resolved to prefer...'.
  4. 4.51Namque mihi referunt — This features an omission of a general third-person plural subject, meaning 'people report to me (what happened during the madness)'. Alternatively, it could mean 'my memories recall everything' once the fury recedes, but in this context, it highly suggests that external witnesses inform her of her behavior.
  5. 4.74Phaedra iudice — An ablative absolute construction consisting of two nouns (`Phaedra` and `iudice`) without a participle. It expresses the meaning 'Phaedra being the judge' or 'according to Phaedra's judgment'.
  6. 4.76forma virilis amat — The verb `amare` here imitates the Greek usage of φιλεῖν. When followed by an infinitive (here, `coli`), it expresses a general tendency or natural inclination: 'loves to be...' or 'is wont to be...'.

Cite this passage

Ovid, The Heroines §4.1-4.88. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0959.phi002.humanitext-lat2:4.1-4.88

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