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Livy · History of Rome §38.38.1-38.38.18

The Terms of the Treaty of Apamea with Antiochus III

Passage 1425 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The specific terms of the Treaty of Apamea between the ten Roman commissioners and King Antiochus III are drawn up, outlining territorial concessions, military and naval limitations, war reparations, hostages, and the surrender of political fugitives.

§38.38.1ibi ex decem legatorum sententia foedus in haec verba fere cum Antiocho conscriptum est: §38.38.2“amicitia regi Antiocho cum populo Romano his legibus et condicionibus esto: ne quem exercitum, qui cum populo Romano sociisve bellum gesturus erit, rex per fines regni sui eorumve, qui sub dicione eius erunt, transire sinito, neu commeatu neu qua alia ope iuvato; §38.38.3idem Romani sociique Antiocho et iis, qui sub imperio eius erunt, praestent.
There, in accordance with the decision of the ten commissioners, a treaty with Antiochus was drawn up in virtually the following words: "There shall be friendship between King Antiochus and the Roman people on these terms and conditions: the king shall not permit any army, which is about to wage war with the Roman people or their allies, to pass through the territory of his kingdom or of those who shall be under his dominion, nor shall he assist them with provisions or any other aid; the Romans and their allies shall guarantee the same to Antiochus and to those who shall be under his rule.
belli gerendi ius Antiocho ne esto cum iis, qui insulas colunt, neve in Europam transeundi.
Antiochus shall have no right to wage war with those who inhabit the islands, nor to cross over into Europe.
§38.38.4excedito urbibus agris vicis castellis cis Taurum montem usque ad Halyn amnem, et a valle Tauri usque ad iuga, qua in Lycaoniam vergit.
He shall evacuate the cities, lands, villages, and fortresses on this side of Mount Taurus as far as the river Halys, and from the valley of Taurus as far as the ridges where it slopes down into Lycaonia.
§38.38.5ne qua praeter arma efferto ex iis oppidis agris castellisque, quibus excedat; si qua extulit, quo quaeque oportebit, recte restituito.
He shall carry away nothing except arms from those towns, lands, and fortresses which he evacuates; if he has carried anything away, he shall restore it properly to where it belongs.
§38.38.6ne militem neu quem alium ex regno Eumenis recipito.
He shall receive no soldier nor any other person from the kingdom of Eumenes.
si qui earum urbium cives, quae regno abscedunt, cum rege Antiocho intraque fines regni eius sunt, Apameam omnes ante diem certam redeunto; §38.38.7qui ex regno Antiochi apud Romanos sociosque sunt, iis ius abeundi manendique esto; servos seu fugitivos seu bello captos, seu quis liber captus aut transfuga erit, reddito Romanis sociisque.
If any citizens of those cities which are departing from his kingdom are with King Antiochus and within the boundaries of his kingdom, they shall all return to Apamea before a fixed day; those from the kingdom of Antiochus who are among the Romans and their allies shall have the right of departing and of remaining; slaves, whether fugitives or captured in war, or whoever, being free, has been captured or is a deserter, he shall restore to the Romans and their allies.
§38.38.8elephantos tradito omnis neque alios parato.
He shall surrender all his elephants and shall not train any others.
tradito et naves longas armamentaque earum, neu plures quam decem naves tectas neve plures quam * naves actuarias, quarum nulla plus quam triginta remis agatur, habeto, neve monerem belli causa, §38.38.9quod ipse illaturus erit.
He shall also surrender his long ships and their equipment, and he shall not have more than ten decked ships, nor more than * light vessels, of which none shall be propelled by more than thirty oars, nor shall he have any moneris for the purpose of a war which he himself is about to bring.
ne navigato citra Calycadnum neu Sarpedonium promunturia, extra quam si qua navis pecuniam in stipendium aut legatos aut obsides portabit.
He shall not sail this side of the Calycadnus and Sarpedonium promontories, except if any ship shall carry money for tribute, or envoys, or hostages.
§38.38.10milites mercede conducendi ex iis gentibus, quae sub dicione populi Romani sunt, Antiocho regi ius ne esto, ne voluntarios quidem recipiendi.
King Antiochus shall have no right to hire mercenaries from those nations which are under the dominion of the Roman people, nor even to receive volunteers.
§38.38.11Rhodiorum sociorumve quae aedes aedificiaque intra fines regni Antiochi sunt, quo iure ante bellum fuerunt, eo Rhodiorum sociorumve sunto; §38.38.12si quae pecuniae debentur, earum exactio esto; si quid ablatum est, id conquirendi cognoscendi repetendique item ius esto.
Whatever houses and buildings belonging to the Rhodians or their allies are within the boundaries of the kingdom of Antiochus, they shall belong to the Rhodians or their allies by the same right by which they held them before the war; if any sums of money are owed, the exaction of them shall be permitted; if anything has been taken away, there shall likewise be the right of searching for, identifying, and reclaiming it.
si quas urbes, quas tradi oportet, ii tenent, quibus Antiochus dedit, et ex iis praesidia deducito, §38.38.13utique recte tradantur, curato.
If those to whom Antiochus gave them hold any cities which ought to be surrendered, he shall withdraw his garrisons from them, and he shall see to it that they are properly surrendered.
argenti probi talenta Attica duodecim milia dato intra duodecim annos pensionibus aequis — talentum ne minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus pendat — et tritici quingenta quadraginta milia modium.
He shall pay twelve thousand Attica talents of sound silver within twelve years in equal installments — the talent shall weigh not less than eighty pounds by Roman weights — and five hundred and forty thousand modii of wheat.
§38.38.14Eumeni regi talenta trecenta quinquaginta intra quinquennium dato, et pro frumento, quod aestimatione fit, talenta centum viginti septem.
He shall pay to King Eumenes three hundred and fifty talents within five years, and for the corn, according to the valuation, one hundred and twenty-seven talents.
§38.38.15obsides Romanis viginti dato et triennio mutato, ne minores octonum denum annorum neu maiores quinum quadragenum.
He shall give twenty hostages to the Romans and change them every three years, who shall be not younger than eighteen years nor older than forty-five.
§38.38.16si qui sociorum populi Romani ultro bellum inferent Antiocho, vim vi arcendi ius esto, dum ne quam urbem aut belli iure teneat aut in amicitiam accipiat.
If any of the allies of the Roman people shall of their own accord bring war upon Antiochus, he shall have the right to repel force by force, provided that he does not hold any city by right of war, nor receive it into friendship.
§38.38.17controversias inter se iure ac iudicio disceptanto, aut, si utrisque placebit, bello. ” §38.38.18de Hannibale Poeno et Aetolo Thoante et Mnasilocho Acarnane et Chalcidensibus Eubulida et Philone dedendis in hoc quoque foedere adscriptum est, et ut, si quid postea addi demi mutarive placuisset, ut id salvo foedere fieret.
They shall settle their controversies among themselves by law and judgment, or, if it shall please both parties, by war." Provision was also written into this treaty for the surrender of Hannibal the Carthaginian, Thoas the Aetolian, Mnasilochus the Acarnanian, and Eubulidas and Philo the Chalcidians; and that if it should afterwards please them to add, subtract, or change anything, it should be done without prejudice to the treaty.

Notes

  1. 38.38.2amicitia regi Antiocho cum populo Romano his legibus et condicionibus esto — regi Antiocho is a dative of possession, literally 'let there be friendship to King Antiochus'. esto is the third-person singular future imperative (Imperative II), which is commonly used in legal codes and treaties to express a formal and binding obligation ('shall be').
  2. 38.38.4excedito urbibus agris vicis castellis cis Taurum montem — excedito is the third-person (or second-person) singular future imperative. The omitted subject is King Antiochus. The series of nouns in the ablative case (urbibus, agris, vicis, castellis) represents the ablative of separation governed by the verb excedere.
  3. 38.38.8quarum nulla plus quam triginta remis agatur — quarum is a relative pronoun in the genitive plural, with its antecedent being naves. agatur is the present subjunctive in a relative clause, functioning here as a clause of characteristic or restriction. remis is an ablative of means.
  4. 38.38.16dum ne quam urbem aut belli iure teneat — dum ne is a subordinating conjunction of proviso ('provided that ... not', 'so long as ... not'), taking the present subjunctive teneat. quam is the feminine accusative singular of the indefinite pronoun quis/qui, which regularly stands for aliquam after ne, meaning 'any'.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §38.38.1-38.38.18. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:38.38.1-38.38.18

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