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Cornelius Nepos · Hannibal §8.1-8.4

Landing in Africa and Naval Battle Against Rhodes

Passage 8 of 13 · Latin

Summary

Hannibal lands in Africa hoping to incite Carthage with Antiochus' support and summons Mago, who is then condemned and dies. Hannibal serves under Antiochus in a naval battle against the Rhodians and achieves success on his own wing.

§8.1At Hannibal anno quarto, postquam domo profugerat, L. Cornelio Q. Minucio consulibus, cum quinque navibus Africam accessit in finibus Cyrenaeorum, si forte Karthaginienses ad bellum inducere posset Antiochi spe fiduciaque, cui iam persuaserat ut cum exercitibus in Italiam proficisceretur.
But Hannibal, in the fourth year after he had fled from home, in the consulship of Lucius Cornelius and Quintus Minucius, approached Africa in the territory of the Cyrenaeans with five ships, to see if by chance he could induce the Carthaginians to war through hope and confidence in Antiochus, whom he had already persuaded to set out for Italy with his armies.
huc Magonem fratrem excivit.
To this place he summoned his brother Mago.
§8.2id ubi Poeni resciverunt, Magonem eadem, qua fratrem, absentem affecerunt poena.
When the Carthaginians found this out, they inflicted upon the absent Mago the same punishment as upon his brother.
illi desperatis rebus cum solvissent naves ac vela ventis dedissent, Hannibal ad Antiochum pervenit.
When they, in desperate circumstances, had loosed their ships and given their sails to the winds, Hannibal reached Antiochus.
de Magonis interitu duplex memoria prodita est: namque alii naufragio, alii a servulis ipsius interfectum eum scriptum reliquerunt.
Concerning the death of Mago, a twofold account has been handed down; for some left it written that he was killed in a shipwreck, others that he was slain by his own slaves.
§8.3Antiochus autem si tam in gerendo bello consiliis eius parere voluisset, quam in suscipiendo instituerat, propius Tiberi quam in Thermopylis de summa imperii dimicasset.
But if Antiochus had been as willing to obey his counsels in conducting the war as he had resolved in undertaking it, he would have fought for the supreme empire closer to the Tiber than at Thermopylae.
quem etsi multa stulte conari videbat, tamen nulla deseruit in re.
Although Hannibal saw that he was attempting many things foolishly, yet he did not desert him in any matter.
§8.4praefuit paucis navibus, quas ex Syria iussus erat in Asiam ducere, iisque adversus Rhodiorum classem in Pamphylio mari conflixit.
He was in command of a few ships, which he had been ordered to lead from Syria to Asia, and with them he clashed with the fleet of the Rhodians in the Pamphylian sea.
in quo cum multitudine adversariorum sui superarentur, ipse quo cornu rem gessit fuit superior.
In this battle, although his own men were being overcome by the multitude of the adversaries, he himself was superior on the wing where he conducted the action.

Notes

  1. 8.1si forte — Introduces a clause of expectation, purpose, or attempt, translated as 'to see if by chance' or 'in the hope that.' The imperfect subjunctive posset is used in accordance with the sequence of tenses after the historical perfect main verb accessit.
  2. 8.2eadem, qua fratrem — An elliptical expression for eadem poena, qua fratrem (affecerant). The relative pronoun qua agrees with the ablative antecedent poena, and fratrem is the accusative object of the omitted verb affecerant.
  3. 8.3si tam in gerendo bello... quam in suscipiendo — A past contrary-to-fact conditional sentence (si voluisset... dimicasset). The phrases in gerendo bello and in suscipiendo are gerundive constructions governed by the preposition in. The indicative pluperfect instituerat is used to state a historical fact about Antiochus' actual resolution, hence it is not in the subjunctive.
  4. 8.3quem etsi — The connecting relative pronoun quem refers to Antiochus and acts as the direct object of both the main verb deseruit and videbat in the concessive clause. Within the etsi clause, quem serves as the subject accusative of the infinitive conari.
  5. 8.4quo cornu rem gessit — A construction in which the antecedent cornu is attracted into the relative clause (equivalent to ipse in eo cornu, quo rem gessit, fuit superior). The phrase rem gerere is an idiom meaning 'to conduct the action' or 'to fight.'

Cite this passage

Cornelius Nepos, Hannibal §8.1-8.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0588.abo023.humanitext-lat2:8.1-8.4

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