Humanitext Reader

Julius Caesar · Gallic War §1.18.1-1.18.10

Investigation into the Ambitions and Plots of Dumnorix

Passage 18 of 404 · Latin

Summary

Caesar conducts a private inquiry to verify Liscus' statements and discovers that Dumnorix, driven by ambition, has built up immense influence through wealth, alliances, and marriages, and was also responsible for the flight in the recent cavalry battle.

§1.18.1Caesar hac oratione Lisci Dumnorigem, Diviciaci fratrem, designari sentiebat, sed, quod pluribus praesentibus eas res iactari nolebat, celeriter concilium dimittit, Liscum retinet.
Caesar perceived that Dumnorix, the brother of Diviciacus, was pointed at by this speech of Liscus; but, as he was unwilling that those matters should be discussed while so many were present, he speedily dismisses the council, and retains Liscus.
§1.18.2Quaerit ex solo ea quae in conventu dixerat.
He inquires of him when alone about those things which he had said in the meeting.
Dicit liberius atque audacius.
He speaks more freely and boldly.
Eadem secreto ab aliis quaerit; reperit esse vera: §1.18.3ipsum esse Dumnorigem, summa audacia, magna apud plebem propter liberalitatem gratia, cupidum rerum novarum. Complures annos portoria reliquaque omnia Haeduorum vectigalia parvo pretio redempta habere, propterea quod illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo.
He inquires about the same things privately from others; he finds that they are true: that Dumnorix himself is the person, a man of the utmost audacity, in great favor with the common people on account of his liberality, and eager for a revolution; that for several years he had purchased the customs and all the other taxes of the Haedui at a low price, because, when he bid, no one dared to bid against him.
§1.18.4His rebus et suam rem familiarem auxisse et facultates ad largiendum magnas comparasse; §1.18.5magnum numerum equitatus suo sumptu semper alere et circum se habere, §1.18.6neque solum domi, sed etiam apud finitimas civitates largiter posse, atque huius potentiae causa matrem in Biturigibus homini illic nobilissimo ac potentissimo conlocasse; §1.18.7ipsum ex Helvetiis uxorem habere, sororum ex matre et propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates conlocasse. §1.18.8Favere et cupere Helvetiis propter eam adfinitatem, odisse etiam suo nomine Caesarem et Romanos, quod eorum adventu potentia eius deminuta et Diviciacus frater in antiquum locum gratiae atque honoris sit restitutus.
That by these means he had both increased his private fortune and acquired great resources for giving largesses; that he always maintained a large number of cavalry at his own expense, and kept them about his person; and that he was very powerful not only at home, but even among the neighboring states; and that for the sake of this influence he had married his mother among the Bituriges to a man there of the most noble and powerful family; that he himself had taken a wife from among the Helvetii, and had married his half-sister by the mother's side and his other female relations into other states; that he favored and wished well to the Helvetii on account of that connection, and hated Caesar and the Romans on his own account also, because by their arrival his power was weakened, and his brother Diviciacus restored to his former position of influence and honor.
§1.18.9Si quid accidat Romanis, summam in spem per Helvetios regni obtinendi venire; imperio populi Romani non modo de regno, sed etiam de ea quam habeat gratia desperare.
That, if anything should happen to the Romans, he entertained the greatest hope of obtaining the sovereignty by means of the Helvetii; but under the government of the Roman people he despaired not only of kingship, but even of that influence which he already possessed.
§1.18.10Reperiebat etiam in quaerendo Caesar, quod proelium equestre adversum paucis ante diebus esset factum, initium eius fugae factum a Dumnorige atque eius equitibus (nam equitatui, quem auxilio Caesari Haedui miserant, Dumnorix praeerat): eorum fuga reliquum esse equitatum perterritum.
Caesar discovered also, on inquiry, that in the unsuccessful cavalry engagement which had taken place a few days before, the commencement of that flight had been made by Dumnorix and his cavalry (for Dumnorix commanded the cavalry which the Haedui had sent for aid to Caesar); and that by their flight the rest of the cavalry was dismayed.

Notes

  1. 1.18.3redempta habere — The combination of the perfect participle `redempta` and the infinitive `habere`. Unlike the simple perfect `redemisse`, it emphasizes the continuation and possession of the state of having purchased the taxes. This structure is a precursor to the perfect tense in Romance languages (have + past participle).
  2. 1.18.7nuptum — The accusative supine of the intransitive verb `nubo` (to marry, of a bride). It is used with `conlocasse` (a verb of placing/moving) to express the purpose ("in order to marry them off").
  3. 1.18.8cupere Helvetiis — The verb `cupere` usually takes an accusative direct object, but here it governs the dative `Helvetiis` (favored by the parallel verb `favere`, which also takes the dative), meaning "to wish well to the Helvetii" or "to desire their welfare."
  4. 1.18.10quod proelium equestre adversum paucis ante diebus esset factum — A relative clause introduced by the relative pronoun `quod`. The logical antecedent `proelium equestre adversum` is attracted into the relative clause (antecedent incorporation). The entire phrase limits the circumstance of `initium eius fugae` ("the commencement of that flight") in the main clause, meaning "in that unsuccessful cavalry engagement which had taken place a few days before."

Cite this passage

Julius Caesar, Gallic War §1.18.1-1.18.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.humanitext-lat2:1.18.1-1.18.10

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.