Humanitext Reader

Julius Caesar · Gallic War §1.16.1-1.16.6

Delayed Grain Supplies and Caesar's Censure of the Haedui

Passage 16 of 404 · Latin

Summary

Caesar summons the leaders of the Haedui, who are delaying the promised grain supply, and severely censures them for failing to assist him when the enemy is near and provisions are scarce.

§1.16.1Interim cotidie Caesar Haeduos frumentum, quod essent publice polliciti, flagitare.
Meanwhile, Caesar was daily demanding of the Haedui the corn which they had publicly promised.
§1.16.2Nam propter frigora [quod Gallia sub septentrionibus, ut ante dictum est, posita est,] non modo frumenta in agris matura non erant, sed ne pabuli quidem satis magna copia suppetebat; §1.16.3eo autem frumento quod flumine Arari navibus subvexerat propterea uti minus poterat quod iter ab Arari Helvetii averterant, a quibus discedere nolebat.
For, on account of the cold (because Gaul is situated toward the north, as has been previously said), not only was the corn in the fields not ripe, but not even was there a sufficiently large quantity of forage at hand; moreover, he was less able to use that corn which he had conveyed up the river Arar in ships, because the Helvetii had diverted their march from the Arar, and from them he did not wish to depart.
§1.16.4Diem ex die ducere Haedui: conferri, comportari, adesse dicere.
The Haedui kept putting him off from day to day, saying that it was being collected, was being brought in, was at hand.
§1.16.5Ubi se diutius duci intellexit et diem instare quo die frumentum militibus metiri oporteret, convocatis eorum principibus, quorum magnam copiam in castris habebat, in his Diviciaco et Lisco, qui summo magistratui praeerat, quem vergobretum appellant Haedui, qui creatur annuus et vitae necisque in suos habet potestatem, graviter eos accusat, §1.16.6quod, cum neque emi neque ex agris sumi possit, tam necessario tempore, tam propinquis hostibus ab iis non sublevetur, praesertim cum magna ex parte eorum precibus adductus bellum susceperit[; multo etiam gravius quod sit destitutus queritur].
When he perceived that he was being put off too long, and that the day was close at hand on which day it would be necessary to measure out the corn to the soldiers, having called together their chiefs, of whom he had a great number in his camp, and among them Diviciacus and Liscus, who was vested with the chief magistracy, whom the Haedui call "Vergobretus," who is elected annually and holds the power of life and death over his countrymen, he severely accuses them, because, since it could neither be bought nor taken from the fields, at so urgent a time, and with the enemy so near, he was not assisted by them, especially since he had undertaken the war largely induced by their entreaties; he complains even more severely that he has been abandoned.

Notes

  1. 1.16.1flagitare — Historical infinitive. Used instead of the imperfect indicative (flagitabat) to vividly describe a repeated or continuous action in a tense situation. The subject is in the nominative case (Caesar).
  2. 1.16.1Haeduos frumentum — Double accusative with the verb of demanding flagitare (one of the person, another of the thing). It means 'demanding corn from the Haedui'.
  3. 1.16.4ducere — Historical infinitive. The subject is Haedui. Together with diem ex die ('from day to day'), it expresses the continuation of the action of putting Caesar off.
  4. 1.16.4conferri, comportari, adesse — Infinitive clauses (indirect speech) depending on the historical infinitive dicere ('they said'). The subject accusative frumentum ('corn') is omitted.
  5. 1.16.5se diutius duci — An accusative with infinitive clause containing the present passive infinitive duci of the verb duco, functioning as the object of intellexit. Here duco means 'to delay' or 'to put off'.
  6. 1.16.5creatur annuus — The adjective annuus functioning as a predicate nominative. It is translated adverbially as 'is elected annually' or 'for a year'.
  7. 1.16.6tam propinquis hostibus — An ablative absolute construction consisting of a noun and an adjective. Without a participle, it expresses an attendant circumstance or reason: 'with the enemy being so near'.

Cite this passage

Julius Caesar, Gallic War §1.16.1-1.16.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.humanitext-lat2:1.16.1-1.16.6

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.