§77.
7.
Ἢν δὲ τουτέων μὲν τῶν ὁδῶν ἀποκλεισθῇ, ἐς δὲ τὰς φλέβας, ἃς προείρηκα, τὸν κατάῤῥοον ποιήσηται, ἄφωνός τε γίνεται καὶ πνίγεται, καὶ ἀφρὸς ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ἐκρέει, καὶ οἱ ὁδόντες συνηρείκασι, καὶ αἱ χεῖρες συσπῶνται, καὶ τὰ ὄμματα διαστρέφονται, καὶ οὐδὲν φρονέουσιν, ἐνίοισι δὲ καὶ ὑποχωρέει ἡ κόπρος κάτω· καὶ ταῦτα γίνεται ὁτὲ μὲν ἐς τὰ ἀριστερὰ, ὁτὲ δὲ ἐς τὰ δεξιὰ, ὁτὲ δὲ ἐς ἀμφότερα.
But if [the phlegm] is blocked from these passages and makes its flux into the veins which I mentioned before, the patient becomes speechless and suffocates, foam flows out of the mouth, the teeth are clenched, the hands are convulsed, the eyes are distorted, they have no understanding, and in some, feces pass below; and these things happen sometimes on the left, sometimes on the right, and sometimes on both sides.
Ὅκως δὲ τούτων ἕκαστον πάσχει ἐγὼ φράσω·
I will explain how he suffers each of these things.
ἄφωνος μέν ἐστιν ὁκόταν ἐξαίφνης τὸ φλέγμα ἐπικατελθὸν ἐς τὰς φλέβας ἀποκλείσῃ τὸν ἠέρα καὶ μὴ παραδέχηται μήτε ἐς τὸν ἐγκέφαλον μήτε ἐς τὰς φλέβας τὰς κοίλας μήτε ἐς τὰς κοιλίας, ἀλλ’ ἐπιλάβῃ τὴν ἀναπνοήν·
He is speechless whenever the phlegm, suddenly descending into the veins, blocks the air and does not admit it into the brain, nor into the hollow veins, nor into the cavities, but cuts off the breath.
ὅταν γὰρ λάβῃ ἄνθρωπος κατὰ τὸ στόμα καὶ τοὺς μυκτῆρας τὸ πνεῦμα, πρῶτον μὲν ἐς τὸν ἐγκέφαλον ἔρχεται, ἔπειτα δὲ ἐς τὴν κοιλίην τὸ πλεῖστον μέρος, τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τὸν πλεύμονα, τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τὰς φλέβας.
For when a man draws in breath through his mouth and nostrils, it goes first to the brain, and then the greatest part goes to the belly, and some to the lung, and some to the veins.
Ἐκ τουτέων δὲ σκίδναται ἐς τὰ λοιπὰ μέρεα κατὰ τὰς φλέβας·
And from these it is dispersed to the rest of the body through the veins.
καὶ ὅσον μὲν ἐς τὴν ἐς κοιλίην ἔρχεται, τοῦτο μὲν τὴν κοιλίην διαψύχει, καὶ ἄλλο τι οὐδὲν ξυμβάλλεται· ὁ δ’ ἐς τὸν πλεύμονά τε καὶ τὰς φλέβας ἀὴρ ξυμβάλλεται ἐς τὰς κοιλίας ἐσιὼν καὶ ἐς τὸν ἐγκέφαλον, καὶ οὕτω τὴν φρόνησιν καὶ τὴν κίνησιν τοῖσι μέλεσι παρέχει, ὥστε, ἐπειδὰν ἀποκλεισθῶσιν αἱ φλέβες τοῦ ἠέρος ὑπὸ τοῦ φλέγματος καὶ μὴ παραδέχωνται, ἄφωνον καθιστᾶσι καὶ ἄφρονα τὸν ἄνθρωπον.
And as much as goes into the belly simply cools the belly and contributes nothing else; but the air which enters the lung and the veins contributes by entering the cavities and the brain, and thus provides understanding and movement to the limbs, so that, when the veins are blocked from the air by the phlegm and do not admit it, they render the man speechless and mindless.
Αἱ δὲ χεῖρες ἀκρατέες γίνονται καὶ σπῶνται, τοῦ αἵματος ἀτρεμίσαντος καὶ μὴ διαχεομένου ὥσπερ εἰώθει.
And the hands become powerless and are convulsed because the blood is stationary and does not disperse as it was accustomed to do.
Καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ διαστρέφονται, τῶν φλεβίων ἀποκλειομένων τοῦ ἠέρος καὶ σφυζόντων.
And the eyes are distorted because the small veins are blocked from the air and throb.
Ἀφρὸς δὲ ἐκ τοῦ στόματος προέρχεται ἐκ τοῦ πλεύμονος· ὅταν γὰρ τὸ πνεῦμα μὴ ἐσίῃ ἐς αὐτὸν, ἀφρέει καὶ ἀναβλύει ὥσπερ ἀποθνήσκων.
And the foam comes out of the mouth from the lung; for when breath does not enter it, it foams and bubbles up like a dying man.
Ἡ δὲ κόπρος ὑπέρχεται ὑπὸ βίης πνιγομένου· πνίγεται δὲ τοῦ ἥπατος καὶ τῆς κοιλίης ἄνω πρὸς τὰς φρένας προσπεπτωκότων καὶ τοῦ στομάχου τῆς γαστρὸς ἀπειλημμένου· προσπίπτει δὲ ὁκόταν τὸ πνεῦμα μὴ ἐσίῃ ἐς τὸ στόμα ὅσον εἰώθει.
And the feces pass below under the violence of the suffocation; and the suffocation happens because the liver and the belly press upward against the diaphragm, and the opening of the stomach is cut off; and they press upward whenever the air does not enter the mouth as much as it was accustomed to do.
Λακτίζει δὲ τοῖσι ποσὶν, ὁκόταν ὁ ἀὴρ ἀποκλεισθῇ ἐν τοῖσι μέλεσι καὶ μὴ οἷός τε ἔῃ διεκδῦναι ἔξω ὑπὸ τοῦ φλέγματος· ἀΐσσων δὲ διὰ τοῦ αἵματος ἄνω καὶ κάτω σπασμὸν ἐμποιέει καὶ ὀδύνην, διὸ λακτίζει.
And he kicks with his feet whenever the air is blocked in the limbs and is unable to escape outward because of the phlegm; but rushing up and down through the blood, it causes convulsion and pain, which is why he kicks.
Ταῦτα δὲ πάσχει πάντα, ὁκόταν τὸ φλέγμα ψυχρὸν παραῤῥυῇ ἐς τὸ αἷμα θερμὸν ἐόν· ἀποψύχει γὰρ καὶ ἵστησι τὸ αἷμα·
And he suffers all these things whenever the cold phlegm flows into the blood which is warm; for it chills and stops the blood.
κἢν μὲν τὸ ῥεῦμα πουλὺ ἔῃ καὶ παχὺ, αὐτίκα ἀποκτείνει· κρατέει γὰρ τοῦ αἵματος τῷ ψύχει καὶ πήγνυσιν·
And if the flux is much and thick, it kills immediately; for it overcomes the blood with its cold and congeals it.
ἢν δὲ ἔλασσον ἔῃ, τὸ μὲν παραυτίκα κρατέει ἀποφράξαν τὴν ἀναπνοήν· ἔπειτα τῷ χρόνῳ ὁκόταν σκεδασθῇ κατὰ τὰς φλέβας καὶ μιγῇ τῷ αἵματι πολλῷ ἐόντι καὶ θερμῷ, ἢν κρατηθῇ οὕτως, ἐδέξαντο τὸν ἠέρα αἱ φλέβες, καὶ ἐφρόνησαν.
But if it is less, at first it overcomes by blocking the breath; then in time, when it is dispersed down the veins and mixed with the blood which is abundant and warm, if it is thus overcome, the veins admit the air, and they regain consciousness.
§88.
8.
Καὶ ὁκόσα μὲν παιδία σμικρὰ κατάληπτα γίνεται τῇ νούσῳ ταύτῃ, τὰ πολλὰ ἀποθνήσει, ἢν πουλὺ τὸ ῥεῦμα ἐπιγένηται καὶ νότιον ἔῃ· τὰ γὰρ φλέβια λεπτὰ ἐόντα οὐ δύναται παραδέχεσθαι τὸ φλέγμα ὑπὸ πάχεος καὶ πλήθεος, ἀλλ’ ἀποψύχεται καὶ πήγνυται τὸ αἷμα, καὶ οὕτως ἀποθνήσκει.
And as for small children who are seized by this disease, most of them die if the flux is abundant and if it is a south wind; for their small veins, being thin, cannot admit the phlegm because of its thickness and quantity, but the blood is chilled and congealed, and thus they die.
Ἢν δὲ ὀλίγον ἐὸν ἐς ἀμφοτέρας τὰς φλέβας τὸν κατάῤῥοον ποιήσηται, ἢ ἐς τὰς ἐπὶ θάτερα, περιγίνεται ἐπίσημα ἐόντα· ἢ γὰρ στόμα παρέσπασται ἢ ὀφθαλμὸς ἢ αὐχὴν ἢ χεὶρ, ὁκόθεν ἂν τὸ φλέβιον πληρωθὲν τοῦ φλέγματος κρατηθῇ καὶ ἀπισχνωθῇ.
But if, being little, it makes its flux into both veins or into those on one side, they survive, but with permanent marks; for either the mouth is distorted, or an eye, or the neck, or a hand, from whichever part the small vein, being filled with phlegm, is overcome and shriveled.
Τούτῳ οὖν τῷ φλεβίῳ ἀνάγκη ἀσθενέστερον εἶναι καὶ ἐνδεέστερον τοῦτο τοῦ σώματος τὸ βλαβέν· ἐς δὲ τὸν πλείονα χρόνον ὠφελέει ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πουλύ· οὐ γὰρ ἔτι ἐπίληπτον γίνεται, ἢν ἅπαξ ἐπισημανθῇ, διὰ τόδε· ὑπὸ τῆς ἀνάγκης ταύτης αἱ φλέβες αἱ λοιπαὶ κακοῦνται καὶ μέρος τι συνισχναίνονται, ὡς τὸν μὲν ἠέρα δέχεσθαι, τὸν δὲ τοῦ φλέγματος κατάῤῥοον μηκέτι ὁμοίως ἐπικαταῤῥέειν· ἀσθενέστερα μέντοι τὰ μέλεα εἰκὸς εἶναι, τῶν φλεβῶν κακωθεισέων.
Therefore this damaged part of the body is necessarily weaker and more deficient in this small vein; but for a longer time it is generally beneficial; for he does not become subject to epilepsy again, if once he is thus marked, for this reason: under this necessity the remaining veins are damaged and partially shriveled, so that they admit the air indeed, but the flux of phlegm no longer flows down in the same way; however, it is likely that the limbs are weaker because the veins have been damaged.
Ὁκόσοισι δ’ ἂν βόρειόν τε καὶ πάνυ ὀλίγον παραῤῥυῇ καὶ ἐς τὰ δεξιὰ, ἀσήμως περιγίνονται· κίνδυνος δὲ ξυντραφῆναι καὶ ξυναυξηθῆναι, ἢν μὴ θεραπευθῶσι τοῖσιν ἐπιτηδείοισιν.
But those in whom it flows in a north wind and in very small quantity, and to the right side, survive without any mark; but there is danger that the disease will be nurtured and grow up with them, unless they are treated with appropriate remedies.
Τοῖσι μὲν οὖν παιδίοισιν οὕτω γίνεται, ἢ ὅτι τούτων ἐγγυτάτω.
Thus it is with children, or as nearly as possible to this.