§1111.
11.
Τὰ δὲ περιπλευμονικὰ καὶ πλευριτικὰ ὧδε χρὴ σκέπτεσθαι· ἢν ὀξύς ὁ πυρετὸς ᾖ, καὶ τὰ ὀδυνήματα τοῦ ἑτέρου πλευροῦ ἢ ἀμφοτέρων, καὶ τοῦ πνεύματος δὲ ἀναφερομένου ἢν πονέῃ, καὶ βῆχες ἐνέωσι, καὶ πτύσματα πτύῃ πυῤῥὰ ἢ πελιὰ, ἢ καὶ λεπτὰ καὶ ἀφρώδεα καὶ ἀνθηρὰ, καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο διαφέρον ἔχοι παρὰ τὰ μεμαθηκότα, τούτοισιν οὕτω χρὴ διάγειν· ἢν μὲν ἡ ὀδύνη ἄνω περαίνῃ πρὸς κληἵδα ἢ περὶ μαζὸν ἢ περὶ βραχίονα, τάμνειν χρὴ τὴν ἐν τῷ βραχίονι φλέβα τὴν ἔσω, ἐφ᾿ ὁκότερον ἂν ᾖ τῶν μερέων κατὰ τόδε·
Concerning peripneumonic and pleuritic diseases, one must consider them as follows: if the fever is acute, and there are pains in one or both of the sides, and if indeed it hurts when breath is drawn in, and coughs are present, and the patient spits up reddish or livid spittle, or even thin, frothy, and florid spittle, and if there should be any other difference from what has been learned, for these cases one must manage as follows: if indeed the pain extends upward toward the clavicle, or around the breast, or around the arm, one must open the inner vein in the arm, on whichever of the sides the pain is situated.
ἀφαιρέειν δὲ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ σώματος ἕξιν καὶ ὥρην καὶ ἡλικίην καὶ χροιὴν πλεῖον, καὶ θαρσέων, ἢν ὀξὺ τὸ ἄλγημα ᾖ, ἄγειν πρὸς λειποψυχίην· ἔπειτα ὑποκλύζειν μετὰ τοῦτο.
And draw off more blood according to the habit of body, the season, the age, and the color, and boldly, if the pain is acute, lead on until fainting; then, after this, administer an enema.
Ἢν δὲ ὑποκάτω τοῦ θώρηκος ᾖ τὸ ἄλγημα, καὶ ξυντείνῃ λίην, τῷ πλευριτικῷ τὴν κοιλίην ὑποκάθαιρε· μεσηγὺ δὲ τῆς καθάρσιος μηδὲν δίδου· μετὰ κάθαρσιν δὲ ὀξύμελι· φαρμακεύειν δὲ τεταρταῖον·
But if the pain is below the chest, and tenses exceedingly, purge the belly of the pleuritic patient; but during the purging give nothing; and after the purging, give oxymel; and administer medicine on the fourth day.
τὰς δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τρεῖς ὑκοκλύζειν, καὶ ἢν μὴ κουφίζῃ, οὕτως ὑποκάθαιρε·
For the first three days administer enemas, and if this does not relieve, then purge the belly.
φυλακὴ δὲ ἔστω ἕως ἀπυρέτου καὶ ἑβδόμης· ἔπειτα ἢν ἀσφαλὴς ἐὼν φαίνηται, οὕτω χυλῷ ὀλίγῳ καὶ λεπτῷ τὸ πρῶτον, ξὺν μέλιτι μίσγων δίδου·
And let there be caution until he is free of fever and the seventh day is reached; then, if he appears to be secure, in this way give at first a little thin broth, mixing it with honey.
ἢν δὲ ἀνάγηται ῥηϊδίως, καὶ εὔπνοος ᾖ καὶ ἀνώδυνος τὰ πλευρὰ, καὶ ἀπύρετος, κατὰ σμικρὸν παχυτέρῳ τε καὶ πλείονι, καὶ δὶς τῆς ἡμέρης·
And if he expectorates easily, and breathes well, and is without pain in his sides, and is free of fever, by degrees give thicker and more abundant broth, and that twice a day.
ἢν δὲ μὴ ῥηϊδίως ἀπαλλάσσῃ, ἔλασσόν τε τὸ πόμα, καὶ τὸ ῥόφημα ὀλίγον, χυλὸν λεπτὸν, καὶ ἅπαξ, ἐν ὁκοτέρῃ ἂν ὥρῃ βέλτιον διάγῃ· γνώσῃ δὲ ἐκ τῶν οὔρων.
But if he does not recover easily, let the drink be less, and the gruel small, a thin broth, and once a day, in whichever hour he passes the time better; and you will know this from the urine.
Δεὶ δὲ ῥόφημα προσφέρειν τοῖσιν ἐκ τῶν νουσημάτων μὴ πρότερον ἢ πέπονα τὰ οὖρα ἢ πτύσματα ἴδῃς γεγενημένα (ἢν δὲ φαρμακευθεὶς συχνὰ καθαρθῇ, ἀναγκαῖον διδόναι, ἔλασσον δὲ καὶ λεπτότερον· οὐ γὰρ δυνήσεται ὑπὸ κενεαγγείης ὑπνώσσειν, οὐδὲ πέσσειν ὁμοίως, οὐδὲ τὰς κρίσιας ὑπομένειν)· ἀλλ᾿ ἐπειδὰν ξυντήξιες ὠμῶν γένωνται, καὶ τὰ ἀντέχοντα ἀποβάλλῃ, ἀνθέξει οὐδέν.
And one must not administer gruel to those suffering from these diseases until you see that either the urine or the spittle has become mature. (But if, having taken medicine, he is evacuated frequently, it is necessary to give some, but less and thinner; for he will not be able to sleep because of the emptiness of the vessels, nor to digest in like manner, nor to withstand the crises.) But when liquefactions of raw matters occur, and he casts off those things which sustain him, he will withstand nothing.
Πέπονα δέ ἐστι τὰ μὲν πτύελα, ὁκόταν γένηται ὅμοια τῷ πύῳ, τὰ δὲ οὖρα τὰς ὑποστάσιας ὑπερύθρους ἔχοντα ὁκοῖον ὀρόβων.
And they are mature, on the one hand, the spittle, when it becomes like pus, and on the other hand, the urine, when it has reddish sediments like vetch.
Οὐδὲν δὲ κωλύει καὶ πρὸς τὰ ἄλλα ἀλγήματα τῶν πλευρέων χλιάσματα προστιθέναι καὶ κηρώματα· ἀλείφειν δὲ σκέλεα καὶ ὀσφὺν θερμῷ, καὶ λίπος ἐγκαταλείφειν· ἐπὶ δὲ ὑποχόνδρια λίνου σπέρμα καταπλάσσειν ἕως μαζῶν·
And nothing hinders applying warm poultices and wax-salves also for the other pains of the sides; and to anoint the legs and loins with something warm, and leave the fat on; and to apply a plaster of linseed to the hypochondria up to the breasts.
ἀκμαζούσης δὲ τῆς περιπλευμονίης, ἀβοήθητον μὴ ἀνακαθαιρομένου, καὶ πονηρὸν ἢν δύσπνοος ᾖ, καὶ οὖρα λεπτὰ καὶ δριμέα, καὶ ἱδρῶτες περὶ τράχηλον καὶ κεφαλὴν γίγνωνται·
And when peripneumonia is at its height, the patient cannot be helped if he is not purged upward (by expectoration), and it is bad if he is dyspneic, and the urine is thin and acrid, and sweats occur around the neck and head.
οἱ τοιοῦτοι ἱδρῶτες πονηροὶ, ὑπὸ πνιγμοῦ καὶ ῥωγμῆς καὶ βίης ἐπικρατεόντων τῶν νουσημάτων, ἢν μὴ οὖρα πολλὰ καὶ παχέα ὁρμήσῃ, καὶ πτύσματα πέπονα ἔλθῃ·
Such sweats are bad, being due to suffocation, wheezing, and the violence of the diseases holding sway, unless abundant and thick urine rushes forth, and mature spittle comes up.
ὅ τι δ᾿ἂν τούτων αὐτοματίσῃ, λύσει τὸ νούσημα.
But whichever of these occurs spontaneously, it will resolve the disease.
Περιπλευμονίης ἐκλεικτὸν, χαλβάνη καὶ κόκκαλος ἐν μέλιτι ἀττικῷ· καὶ ἀβρότονον ἐν ὀξυμέλιτι, πέπερι·
An electuary for peripneumonia: galbanum and pine-nut in Attic honey; and southernwood in oxymel, and pepper.
ἐλλέβορον μέλανα ἀποζέσας πλευριτικῷ ἐν ἀρχῇ περιωδύνῳ ἐόντι δίδου·
Give black hellebore, having boiled it down, to a pleuritic patient who is in severe pain at the beginning.
ἀγαθὸν δὲ καὶ τὸ πάνακες ἐν ὀξυμέλιτι ἀναζέσαντα καὶ διηθέοντα διδόναι πίνειν, καὶ ἡπατικοῖσι καὶ τῇσιν ἀπὸ τῶν φρενῶν περιωδυνίῃσι, καὶ ὁκόσα δεῖ ἐς κοιλίην καὶ ἐς οὔρησιν, ἐν οἴνῳ καὶ μέλιτι, τὰ δὲ ἐς κοιλίην, ξὺν ὑδαρεῖ μελικρήτῳ πίνειν πλείω δίδου.
It is good also to give all-heal (panaces), having boiled it up in oxymel and strained it, to drink, both for those with liver disease and for those with severe pains arising from the diaphragm; and whatever things are necessary to promote evacuation of the belly and urination, give them in wine and honey, but for those promoting evacuation of the belly, give more to drink with watery hydromel.