Humanitext Reader

Marcus Aurelius · Meditations §12.23.1

The Timely Cessation of Life as a Good for the Whole

Passage 473 of 486 · Greek

Summary

Discusses how the cessation of any action or life itself is not an evil if timely, but rather a good as it benefits the nature of the whole, and explains that one who moves in harmony with God is truly guided by Him.

§12.23.1Μία καὶ ἡτισοῦν ἐνέργεια κατὰ καιρὸν παυσαμένη οὐδὲν κακὸν πάσχει, καθὸ πέπαυται· οὐδὲ ὁ πράξας τὴν πρᾶξιν ταύτην κατ’ αὐτὸ τοῦτο, καθὸ πέπαυται, κακόν τι πέπονθεν.
Any single action whatsoever, when it ceases at the proper time, suffers no evil in the very fact that it has ceased; nor has the agent who performed this action suffered any evil for this very reason, namely, that it has ceased.
ὁμοίως οὖν τὸ ἐκ πασῶν τῶν πράξεων σύστημα, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ὁ βίος, ἐὰν ἐν καιρῷ παύσηται, οὐδὲν κακὸν πάσχει κατ’ αὐτὸ τοῦτο, καθὸ πέπαυται· οὐδὲ ὁ καταπαύσας ἐν καιρῷ τὸν εἱρμὸν τοῦτον κακῶς διετέθη.
Likewise, then, the system of all actions, which is life, if it ceases at the proper time, suffers no evil for this very reason, that it has ceased; nor is he who has brought this chain to an end at the proper time placed in an ill condition.
τὸν δὲ καιρὸν καὶ τὸν ὅρον δίδωσιν ἡ φύσις, ποτὲ μὲν καὶ ἡ ἰδία, ὅταν ἐν γήρᾳ, πάντως δὲ ἡ τῶν ὅλων, ἧς τῶν μερῶν μεταβαλλόντων νεαρὸς ἀεὶ καὶ ἀκμαῖος ὁ σύμπας κόσμος διαμένει.
But nature gives both the proper time and the limit—sometimes also the individual nature, as in old age, but always the nature of the whole, by the changes of whose parts the entire universe remains ever young and in its prime.
καλὸν δὲ ἀεὶ πᾶν καὶ ὡραῖον τὸ συμφέρον τῷ ὅλῳ.
And everything that is advantageous to the whole is always good and in season.
ἡ οὖν κατάπαυσις τοῦ βίου ἑκάστῳ οὐ κακὸν μὲν ὅτι οὐδὲ αἰσχρόν, εἴπερ καὶ ἀπροαίρετον καὶ οὐκ ἀκοινώνητον· ἀγαθὸν δὲ εἴπερ τῷ ὅλῳ καίριον καὶ συμφέρον καὶ συμφερόμενον.
Therefore, the cessation of life for each individual is not an evil, because it is not shameful, since it is both independent of our choice and not unsocial; but it is a good, since it is timely, advantageous, and in harmony with the whole.
οὕτως γὰρ καὶ θεοφόρητος ὁ φερόμενος κατὰ ταὐτὰ θεῷ καὶ ἐπὶ ταὐτὰ τῇ γνώμῃ φερόμενος.
For thus is he also borne by God who is borne in the same way as God, and is borne by his own mind towards the same goals.

Notes

  1. 12.23.1καθὸ πέπαυται — καθό is a contraction of καθ' ὅ (in so far as, in respect of which). Here it functions as a relative clause of limitation, meaning 'in the very fact that it has ceased'.
  2. 12.23.1ἧς τῶν μερῶν μεταβαλλόντων — The relative pronoun ἧς is in the genitive, referring back to the antecedent ἡ τῶν ὅλων. τῶν μερῶν μεταβαλλόντων is a genitive absolute construction expressing cause or condition, meaning 'by the changing of its parts'.
  3. 12.23.1θεοφόρητος ὁ φερόμενος κατὰ ταὐτὰ θεῷ — ὁ φερόμενος is the subject, and θεοφόρητος is the predicate. θεῷ is a dative of association with κατὰ ταὐτὰ, meaning 'in the same way as God'. The clause expresses that he who moves in harmony with God is indeed inspired or borne by God.

Cite this passage

Marcus Aurelius, Meditations §12.23.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:12.23.1

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