§6.38.1ἐὰν δέ ποτε ταὐτὰ ταῦτα περὶ πλείους συμβῇ γενέσθαι καὶ σημαίας τινὰς ὁλοσχερῶς πιεσθείσας λιπεῖν τοὺς τόπους, τὸ μὲν ἅπαντας ξυλοκοπεῖν ἢ φονεύειν ἀποδοκιμάζουσι, λύσιν δὲ τοῦ πράγματος εὑρίσκονται συμφέρουσαν ἅμα καὶ καταπληκτικήν. §6.38.2συναθροίσας γὰρ τὸ στρατόπεδον ὁ χιλίαρχος καὶ προαγαγὼν εἰς μέσον τοὺς λελοιπότας, κατηγορεῖ πικρῶς, καὶ τὸ τέλος ποτὲ μὲν πέντε, ποτὲ δʼ ὀκτώ, ποτὲ δʼ εἴκοσι, τὸ δʼ ὅλον πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος αἰεὶ στοχαζόμενος, ὥστε δέκατον μάλιστα γίνεσθαι τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων, τοσούτους ἐκ πάντων κληροῦται τῶν ἀποδεδειλιακότων, §6.38.3καὶ τοὺς μὲν λαχόντας ξυλοκοπεῖ κατὰ τὸν ἄρτι ῥηθέντα λόγον ἀπαραιτήτως, τοῖς δὲ λοιποῖς τὸ μέτρημα κριθὰς δοὺς ἀντὶ πυρῶν ἔξω κελεύει τοῦ χάρακος καὶ τῆς ἀσφαλείας ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παρεμβολήν. §6.38.4λοιπὸν τοῦ μὲν κινδύνου καὶ φόβου τοῦ κατὰ τὸν κλῆρον ἐπʼ ἴσον ἐπικρεμαμένου πᾶσιν, ὡς ἂν ἀδήλου τοῦ συμπτώματος ὑπάρχοντος, τοῦ δὲ παραδειγματισμοῦ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν κριθοφαγίαν ὁμοίως συμβαίνοντος περὶ πάντας, τὸ δυνατὸν ἐκ τῶν ἐθισμῶν εἴληπται καὶ πρὸς κατάπληξιν καὶ διόρθωσιν τῶν συμπτωμάτων.
But if ever these same things happen to occur in the case of a large number of men, and some whole maniples, being hard pressed, abandon their posts, they reject the idea of beating everyone to death or killing them; instead, they find a solution to the matter that is at once advantageous and terrifying. For the tribune, having assembled the camp and brought forward those who abandoned their posts into the midst, reproaches them bitterly; and in the end, he chooses by lot from all those who have shown cowardice now five, now eight, now twenty, always aiming the total number in proportion to the whole crowd so that it turns out to be about a tenth of the offenders. And those who are chosen by lot he beats to death without mercy according to the manner just described, while to the rest he gives barley instead of wheat as their ration and orders them to pitch their camp outside the rampart and safety. Consequently, since the danger and fear of the lot hang equally over all, inasmuch as the lot's fall is uncertain, and the disgrace of eating barley falls on all alike, the maximum effect possible has been derived from their customs, both for striking terror and for correcting failures.