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Polybius · The Histories §5.77.1-5.77.9

Attalus' Campaign and Submission of Aeolian Cities

Passage 441 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Achaeus withdraws his army while Attalus advances, bringing the cities of Aeolis and their surroundings under his control.

§5.77.1πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους συγγένειαν·
...their relationship with the Lacedaemonians.
Ἀχαιὸς δὲ ποιησάμενος ὑφʼ ἑαυτὸν τὴν Μιλυάδα καὶ τὰ πλεῖστα μέρη τῆς Παμφυλίας ἀνέζευξε, καὶ παραγενόμενος εἰς Σάρδεις ἐπολέμει μὲν Ἀττάλῳ συνεχῶς, ἀνετείνετο δὲ Προυσίᾳ, πᾶσι δʼ ἦν φοβερὸς καὶ βαρὺς τοῖς ἐπὶ τάδε τοῦ Ταύρου κατοικοῦσι. §5.77.2κατὰ δὲ τὸν καιρόν, καθʼ ὃν Ἀχαιὸς ἐποιεῖτο τὴν ἐπὶ τοὺς Σελγεῖς στρατείαν, Ἄτταλος ἔχων τοὺς Αἰγοσάγας Γαλάτας ἐπεπορεύετο τὰς κατὰ τὴν Αἰολίδα πόλεις καὶ τὰς συνεχεῖς ταύταις, ὅσαι πρότερον Ἀχαιῷ προσεκεχωρήκεισαν διὰ τὸν φόβον· §5.77.3ὧν αἱ μὲν πλείους ἐθελοντὴν αὐτῷ προσέθεντο καὶ μετὰ χάριτος, ὀλίγαι δέ τινες τῆς βίας προσεδεήθησαν. §5.77.4ἦσαν δʼ αἱ τότε μεταθέμεναι πρὸς αὐτὸν πρῶτον μὲν Κύμη καὶ Σμύρνα καὶ Φώκαια· μετὰ δὲ ταύτας Αἰγαιεῖς καὶ Τημνῖται προσεχώρησαν, καταπλαγέντες τὴν ἔφοδον· §5.77.5ἧκον δὲ καὶ παρὰ Τηίων καὶ Κολοφωνίων πρέσβεις ἐγχειρίζοντες σφᾶς αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰς πόλεις. §5.77.6προσδεξάμενος δὲ καὶ τούτους ἐπὶ ταῖς συνθήκαις αἷς καὶ τὸ πρότερον, καὶ λαβὼν ὁμήρους, ἐχρημάτισε τοῖς παρὰ τῶν Σμυρναίων πρεσβευταῖς φιλανθρώπως διὰ τὸ μάλιστα τούτους τετηρηκέναι τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν πίστιν. §5.77.7προελθὼν δὲ κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς καὶ διαβὰς τὸν Λύκον ποταμὸν προῆγεν ἐπὶ τὰς τῶν Μυσῶν κατοικίας, ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων γενόμενος ἧκε πρὸς Καρσέας. §5.77.8καταπληξάμενος δὲ τούτους, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τοὺς τὰ Δίδυμα τείχη φυλάττοντας, παρέλαβε καὶ ταῦτα τὰ χωρία, Θεμιστοκλέους αὐτὰ παραδόντος, ὃς ἐτύγχανε στρατηγὸς ὑπʼ Ἀχαιοῦ καταλελειμμένος τῶν τόπων τούτων. §5.77.9ὁρμήσας δʼ ἐντεῦθεν καὶ κατασύρας τὸ Ἀπίας πεδίον ὑπερέβαλε τὸ καλούμενον ὄρος Πελεκᾶντα καὶ κατέζευξε περὶ τὸν Μέγιστον ποταμόν.
Achaeus, having brought Milyas and the greater part of Pamphylia under his subjection, broke up his camp; and arriving at Sardis, he waged war continuously against Attalus, while holding himself in a threatening posture against Prusias, being a source of fear and oppression to all who dwelt on this side of the Taurus. At the time when Achaeus was engaged in his expedition against the Selgians, Attalus, accompanied by the Aegosages Galatians, marched through the cities in Aeolis and those adjacent to them, as many as had previously submitted to Achaeus out of fear. Of these, the majority joined him voluntarily and with goodwill, but some few required the application of force. Those which then first went over to him were Cyme, Smyrna, and Phocaea; and after these, the Aegaeans and Temnians submitted, being struck with terror at his approach. Embassies also came from the Teians and Colophonians, surrendering themselves and their cities to him. Having accepted these also on the same terms as before, and having taken hostages, he gave a friendly reception to the envoys from Smyrna, because they had most conspicuously preserved their loyalty towards him. Advancing continuously, and having crossed the river Lycus, he marched to the settlements of the Mysians, and proceeding from there, he arrived at Carseae. Having struck terror into these people, and likewise into those who were guarding the Didyma Teiche, he took possession of these places also, as Themistocles surrendered them, who happened to have been left behind by Achaeus as general of these districts. Starting from there and plundering the Apian plain, he crossed the mountain called Pelecas and encamped near the river Megistus.

Notes

  1. §5.77.1πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους συγγένειαν — This noun phrase continues from the end of the previous chunk (5.76.11), "τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν αὐτοῖς" (that which belonged to them) and the negative verb "οὐ κατῄσχυναν" (did not disgrace), completing the syntactic structure of the previous sentence.
  2. §5.77.1ἀνετείνετο δὲ Προυσίᾳ — The imperfect middle of the verb ἀνατείνω, here used with the dative Προυσίᾳ to mean "to direct a threatening attitude towards" or "to hold oneself in a menacing posture against."
  3. §5.77.8ὃς ἐτύγχανε στρατηγὸς ὑπʼ Ἀχαιοῦ καταλελειμμένος — The construction of τυγχάνω with the supplementary participle (καταλελειμμένος), meaning "happened to be" or "was at that time." The participle agrees with the relative pronoun subject ὃς in gender, number, and case, and the complement στρατηγός is also in the nominative.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §5.77.1-5.77.9. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.77.1-5.77.9

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