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Polybius · The Histories §4.84.1-4.84.9

Apelles' False Accusation against Aratus

Passage 361 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Apelles exploits the release of the Elean general Amphidamus by King Philip to construct a false accusation, claiming that Aratus and his party turned the Eleans against Macedonian influence.

§4.84.1ὁ δʼ Ἀπελλῆς, δοκῶν ἠνυκέναι τι τῆς προθέσεως τῷ διʼ αὐτοῦ καθεστάσθαι τὸν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν στρατηγόν, αὖθις ἐνεχείρει τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον, βουλόμενος εἰς τέλος ἀποσπάσαι τὸν Φίλιππον ἀπὸ τῆς πρὸς αὐτοὺς φιλίας.
Apelles, believing that he had made some progress in his design because the general of the Achaeans had been appointed through his influence, once more directed his efforts against Aratus and his party, wishing to detach Philip completely from his friendship with them.
ἐπεβάλετο δὲ τὴν διαβολὴν πλάττειν διὰ τοιαύτης τινὸς ἐπινοίας. §4.84.2Ἀμφίδαμος ὁ τῶν Ἠλείων στρατηγός, ἐν ταῖς Θαλάμαις ἁλοὺς ἅμα τοῖς συμπεφευγόσι, καθάπερ ἀνώτερον ἡμῖν ἐρρήθη περὶ τούτων, ὡς ἧκε μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων αἰχμαλώτων ἀγόμενος εἰς Ὀλυμπίαν, ἔσπευσε διά τινων εἰς λόγους ἐλθεῖν τῷ βασιλεῖ. §4.84.3τυχὼν δὲ τούτου διελέγετο, φάσκων εἶναι δυνατὸς ἐπαγαγέσθαι τοὺς Ἠλείους εἰς τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν φιλίαν καὶ συμμαχίαν.
He set about contriving a slander by some such device as follows. Amphidamus, the general of the Eleans, who had been captured at Thalamae along with those who had fled there for refuge, as was mentioned by us above concerning these events, when he arrived at Olympia being led with the other prisoners, hastened to enter into communication with the king through certain persons. Having obtained this, he conversed with him, claiming that he was able to win over the Eleans to friendship and alliance with him.
ὁ δὲ Φίλιππος πεισθεὶς ἐξαπέστειλε τὸν Ἀμφίδαμον χωρὶς λύτρων, §4.84.4κελεύσας ἐπαγγέλλεσθαι τοῖς Ἠλείοις, ἐὰν ἕλωνται τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν φιλίαν, ὅτι τὰ μὲν αἰχμάλωτα πάντα χωρὶς λύτρων ἀποδώσει, τῇ δὲ χώρᾳ τὴν ἀσφάλειαν αὐτὸς ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἐκτὸς παρασκευάσει, §4.84.5πρὸς δὲ τούτοις αὐτοὺς ἐλευθέρους, ἀφρουρήτους, ἀφορολογήτους, χρωμένους τοῖς ἰδίοις πολιτεύμασι, διατηρήσει. §4.84.6οἱ μὲν οὖν Ἠλεῖοι διακούσαντες τούτων οὐδὲν προσέσχον, καίπερ ἐπισπαστικῶν καὶ μεγάλων εἶναι δοκούντων τῶν προτεινομένων· §4.84.7ὁ δʼ Ἀπελλῆς, ἐκ τούτου τοῦ πράγματος πλάσας τὴν διαβολήν, προσήνεγκε τῷ Φιλίππῳ, φάσκων τοὺς περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον οὐκ εἰλικρινῆ τὴν φιλίαν ἄγειν πρὸς Μακεδόνας οὐδʼ ἀληθινῶς εὐνοεῖν αὐτῷ· καὶ γὰρ νῦν τῆς Ἠλείων ἀλλοτριότητος τούτους αἰτίους γεγονέναι. §4.84.8καθʼ ὃν γὰρ καιρὸν Ἀμφίδαμον ἐξ Ὀλυμπίας εἰς Ἦλιν ἀπέστειλε, τούτους ἔφη κατʼ ἰδίαν λαβόντας ἐπιτρῖψαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ λέγειν ὅτι κατʼ οὐδένα τρόπον συμφέρει τοῖς Πελοποννησίοις τὸ γενέσθαι Φίλιππον Ἠλείων κύριον, §4.84.9καὶ διὰ ταύτην τὴν αἰτίαν πάνθʼ ὑπεριδόντας τὰ προτεινόμενα τοὺς Ἠλείους διατηρεῖν μὲν τὴν πρὸς Αἰτωλοὺς φιλίαν, ὑπομένειν δὲ τὸν πρὸς
Philip, being persuaded, sent Amphidamus away without ransom, ordering him to promise the Eleans that, if they chose friendship with him, he would restore all the prisoners without ransom, and would himself guarantee the security of their territory against all external enemies, and in addition to this, he would maintain them in freedom, without garrisons, free from tribute, and enjoying their own constitutions. The Eleans, indeed, having heard these proposals, paid no attention to them, although the offers seemed attractive and important; but Apelles, fabricating a slander out of this affair, brought it to Philip, claiming that Aratus and his party did not maintain a sincere friendship towards the Macedonians nor genuinely wish him well; and indeed, that they were the cause of the present alienation of the Eleans. For he said that at the time when Philip sent Amphidamus from Olympia to Elis, they had taken the man aside privately and subverted him, telling him that it was in no way to the interest of the Peloponnesians that Philip should become master of the Eleans, and that for this reason, the Eleans, disregarding all the proposals, maintained their friendship with the Aetolians, and were enduring the [war] against...

Notes

  1. §4.84.1τῷ διʼ αὐτοῦ καθεστάσθαι τὸν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν στρατηγόν — An articular infinitive phrase with the dative of cause, meaning 'because the general of the Achaeans had been appointed through him.' The dative article τῷ expresses the cause, and the accusative τὸν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν στρατηγόν functions as the subject of the perfect passive infinitive καθεστάσθαι.
  2. §4.84.3φάσκων εἶναι δυνατὸς ἐπαγαγέσθαι — An example of a nominative complement in indirect discourse. Since the subject of the infinitive εἶναι is identical to that of the leading participle φάσκων (Amphidamus), the adjective δυνατός remains in the nominative case instead of the accusative (δυνατόν), following the rule of nominative with infinitive.
  3. §4.84.8τούτους ἔφη κατʼ ἰδίαν λαβόντας ἐπιτρῖψαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον — An accusative with infinitive construction in indirect discourse introduced by the verb ἔφη (Apelles said). The accusative τούτους (referring to Aratus's party) is the subject of the infinitive ἐπιτρῖψαι (and λέγειν), with the participle λαβόντας agreeing in the accusative masculine plural. The verb ἐπιτρίβω here carries the sense of 'to subvert' or 'to ruin/influence maliciously.'

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §4.84.1-4.84.9. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.84.1-4.84.9

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