§38.2.1μέγιστον ἡ τύχη δοκεῖ φόβον ἐπιστῆσαι τοῖς Ἕλλησι κατὰ τὴν Ξέρξου διάβασιν εἰς τὴν Εὐρώπην· τότε γὰρ ἐκινδύνευσαν μὲν πάντες, §38.2.2ἔπταισαν δὲ τελέως ὀλίγιστοι, μάλιστα δὲ τούτων Ἀθηναῖοι· §38.2.3προϊδόμενοι γὰρ ἐμφρόνως τὸ μέλλον ἐξέλιπον τὴν πατρίδα μετὰ τέκνων καὶ γυναικῶν.
Fortune seems to have brought the greatest fear upon the Greeks during Xerxes' crossing into Europe; for then all indeed were in danger, but very few stumbled completely, and most of all among these, the Athenians; for, prudently foreseeing the future, they abandoned their fatherland with their children and wives.
§38.2.4βλάβην μὲν οὖν ὁ καιρὸς αὐτοῖς ἐπήνεγκε· κύριοι γὰρ γενηθέντες οἱ βάρβαροι πικρῶς διέφθειραν τὰς Ἀθήνας· οὐ μὴν ὄνειδος οὐδʼ αἰσχύνην, τὸ δʼ ἐναντίον εὔκλειαν παρὰ πᾶσι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τὴν μεγίστην ἀπηνέγκαντο διότι πάντʼ ἐν ἐλάττονι θέμενοι τῆς αὐτῆς τύχης εἵλαντο κοινωνεῖν τοῖς ἄλλοις Ἕλλησι.
An injury, indeed, the crisis brought upon them; for having become masters of the city, the barbarians severely destroyed Athens; however, they carried away not reproach nor shame, but on the contrary, the greatest glory among all men, because, considering all things of less account than sharing the same fortune, they chose to share the lot of the other Greeks.
§38.2.5τοιγαροῦν καλῇ χρησάμενοι προαιρέσει, παρὰ πόδας οὐ μόνον ἀνεκτήσαντο τὴν πατρίδα καὶ τὴν ἑαυτῶν χώραν, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τῆς τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλλήνων ἡγεμονίας μετʼ ὀλίγον ἠμφισβήτουν πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους.
Therefore, having made use of a noble choice, immediately they not only recovered their fatherland and their own territory, but also soon disputed with the Lacedaemonians for the leadership of the other Greeks.
§38.2.6μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα πάλιν ὑπὸ Σπαρτιατῶν καταπολεμηθέντες εἰς τοῦτʼ ἀνάγκης ἦλθον ὥστε καθελεῖν τὰ τείχη τῆς αὑτῶν πατρίδος.
And after this, having been defeated in war again by the Spartans, they came to such a point of necessity as to demolish the walls of their own fatherland.
§38.2.7ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο Λακεδαιμονίων, οὐκ Ἀθηναίων ἄν τις εἶναι φήσειε τοὔγκλημα, διότι βαρύτερον ἐχρήσαντο τῇ δοθείσῃ σφίσι παρὰ τῆς τύχης ἐξουσίᾳ.
But even this, one would say, was the fault of the Lacedaemonians, not of the Athenians, because they made too harsh a use of the power granted to them by fortune.
§38.2.8Σπαρτιᾶται δʼ ἡττηθέντες ὑπὸ Θηβαίων πάλιν ἀπέβαλον τὴν τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἡγεμονίαν καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα τῆς τῶν ἐκτὸς ἀρχῆς ἀποστάντες συνεκλείσθησαν εἰς τοὺς τῆς Λακωνικῆς ὅρους.
But the Spartans, having been defeated by the Thebans, lost again the leadership of the Greeks, and after this, withdrawing from their rule over external affairs, were shut up within the borders of Laconia.
§38.2.9καὶ τί δὴ τοῦτʼ αἰσχρόν, εἰ περὶ τῶν καλλίστων ἀμφισβητοῦντες ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ἔπταισαν ὥστε πάλιν ἐπὶ τὴν πάτριον ἀναχωρῆσαι δυναστείαν;
And what indeed is shameful in this, if, contending for the finest prizes, they stumbled to such an extent as to retreat again to their ancestral dominion?
§38.2.10διὸ τὰ γεγονότα ταῦτα συμπτώματα μὲν εἶναι φατέον, ἀτυχήματα δʼ οὐδαμῶς ῥητέον.
Therefore, these occurrences must be called mishaps, but by no means must they be termed misfortunes.
§38.2.11Μαντινεῖς ἠναγκάσθησαν ἐκλιπεῖν τὴν πατρίδα διοικισθέντες ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ διασπασθέντες οἰκῆσαι κατὰ κώμας· §38.2.12ἀλλὰ πάντες ἐπὶ τούτοις οὐ τὴν τῶν Μαντινέων ἀβουλίαν, ἀλλὰ τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων ὠνείδιζον.
The Mantineans were forced to leave their fatherland, being dispersed by the Lacedaemonians and scattered to dwell in villages; but all on this account blamed not the folly of the Mantineans, but the Lacedaemonians.
§38.2.13Θηβαῖοι μετά τινα χρόνον ἄρδην ἐπεῖδον τὴν αὑτῶν πατρίδα γενομένην ἀνάστατον, ὅτε προθέμενος Ἀλέξανδρος εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν διαβαίνειν ὑπέλαβε διὰ τῆς εἰς Θηβαίους τιμωρίας τῷ φόβῳ φρουρήσειν τοὺς Ἕλληνας κατὰ τοὺς ἰδίους περισπασμούς· §38.2.14ἀλλὰ τότε πάντες ἠλέουν μὲν τοὺς Θηβαίους ὡς ἄδικα καὶ δεινὰ πεπονθότας, διεδικαίου δὲ τὴν πρᾶξιν ταύτην οὐδεὶς
The Thebans, after some time, utterly witnessed their own fatherland laid waste, when Alexander, intending to cross into Asia, supposed that through the punishment of the Thebans he would hold the Greeks in check by fear during his own distractions; but then all pitied the Thebans as having suffered unjust and terrible things, but no one justified this action...