§34.4.1εἰ δέ τινα μὴ συμφωνεῖ, μεταβολὰς αἰτιᾶσθαι δεῖν ἢ ἄγνοιαν ἢ καὶ ποιητικὴν ἐξουσίαν, ἣ συνέστηκεν ἐξ ἱστορίας καὶ διαθέσεως καὶ μύθου.
But if some things do not agree, he says one must blame changes, ignorance, or also poetic license, which is composed of history, disposition, and myth.
§34.4.2τῆς μὲν οὖν ἱστορίας ἀλήθειαν εἶναι τέλος, ὡς ἐν Νεῶν καταλόγῳ τὰ ἑκάστοις τόποις συμβεβηκότα λέγοντος τοῦ ποιητοῦ, τὴν μὲν πετρήεσσαν, τὴν δὲ ἐσχατόωσαν πόλιν, ἄλλην δὲ πολυτρήρωνα, τὴν δʼ ἀγχίαλον· §34.4.3τῆς δὲ διαθέσεως ἐνέργειαν εἶναι τὸ τέλος, ὡς ὅταν μαχομένους εἰσάγῃ, μύθου δὲ ἡδονὴν καὶ ἔκπληξιν.
Now, the end of history is truth, as when the poet, in the Catalogue of Ships, speaks of the attributes of each place, calling one 'rocky', another 'frontier', another 'abounding in pigeons', and another 'near the sea'; and the end of disposition is vividness, as when he introduces men fighting; and of myth, pleasure and astonishment.
§34.4.4τὸ δὲ πάντα πλάττειν οὐ πιθανὸν οὐδʼ Ὁμηρικόν· τὴν γὰρ ἐκείνου ποίησιν φιλοσόφημα πάντας νομίζειν, οὐχ ὡς Ἐρατοσθένης φησί, κελεύων μὴ κρίνειν πρὸς τὴν διάνοιαν τὰ ποιήματα μηδʼ ἱστορίαν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ζητεῖν.
But to fabricate everything is neither plausible nor characteristic of Homer; for all men consider his poetry a philosophical work, unlike what Eratosthenes says when he commands us not to judge poems by their intellect, nor to seek history from them.
§34.4.5πιθανώτερόν τε τὸ
ἔνθεν δʼ ἐννῆμαρ φερόμην ὀλοοῖς ἀνέμοισιν ἐν βραχεῖ διαστήματι δέχεσθαι — οἱ γὰρ ὀλοοὶ οὐκ εὐθύδρομοι — ἢ ἐξωκεανίζειν, ὡς ἂν οὐρίων πνεόντων συνεχῶς.
And it is more plausible to take 'thence for nine days I was driven by destructive winds' as occurring within a short distance—for destructive winds do not blow straight—than to drive him out into the Ocean, as if favorable winds were blowing continuously.
§34.4.6συνθεὶς δὲ τὸ διάστημα τὸ ἐκ Μαλεῶν ἐπὶ στήλας σταδίων δισμυρίων καὶ δισχιλίων πεντακοσίων, εἰ, φησί, τοῦτο θείημεν ἐν ταῖς ἐννέα ἡμέραις διηνύσθαι ἰσοταχῶς, ἑκάστης ἂν ἡμέρας ὁ πλοῦς συμβαίνοι σταδίων δισχιλίων πεντακοσίων.
And having computed the distance from Malea to the Pillars as 22,500 stades, if, he says, we should assume this was traversed at a uniform speed in the nine days, the voyage of each day would turn out to be 2,500 stades.
§34.4.7τίς οὖν ἱστόρηκεν ἐκ Λυκίας ἢ Ῥόδου δευτεραῖόν τινα ἀφιγμένον εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν, ὄντος τοῦ διαστήματος σταδίων τετρακισχιλίων;
Who, then, has recorded that anyone has arrived at Alexandria from Lycia or Rhodes on the second day, when the distance is 4,000 stades?
§34.4.8πρὸς δὲ τοὺς ἐπιζητοῦντας πῶς τρὶς εἰς Σικελίαν ἐλθὼν οὐδʼ ἅπαξ διὰ τοῦ πορθμοῦ πέπλευκεν Ὀδυσσεύς, ἀπολογεῖται διότι καὶ οἱ ὕστερον ἔφευγον ἅπαντες τὸν πλοῦν τοῦτον.
And against those who inquire how Odysseus, having come to Sicily three times, did not sail even once through the strait, he replies that all those of later times also avoided this voyage.
τοιαῦτα μὲν εἴρηκεν.
Such are the things he has said.