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Polybius · The Histories §31.12.1-31.12.13

Demetrius Decides and Prepares to Escape Rome

Passage 1186 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Demetrius, recognizing the failure of his petitions to the Senate, decides to escape to Syria. Guided by his foster-father Diodorus and assisted by Polybius and his friend Menyllus, he begins preparations, including chartering a Carthaginian sacred ship.

§31.12.1πλὴν ὅ γε Δημήτριος μάτην ἐξᾴσας τὸ κύκνειον καὶ γνοὺς ὅτι καλῶς αὐτῷ συνεβούλευεν ὁ Πολύβιος μὴ δὶς πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν λίθον πταίειν, §31.12.2μεταμεληθεὶς ἐπὶ τοῖς γεγονόσιν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ φύσει μεγαλόφρων ὑπάρχων καὶ τόλμαν ἱκανὴν ἔχων πρὸς τὸ κριθέν, εὐθέως ἐκάλει Διόδωρον προσφάτως ἐκ τῆς Συρίας παραγεγονότα καὶ μετεδίδου περὶ τῶν καθʼ αὑτόν.
Demetrius, however, having sung his swan-song in vain, and realizing that Polybius had given him good advice not to stumble twice against the same stone, regretted what had happened; and being moreover by nature high-spirited and possessing sufficient courage for what had been decided, he immediately summoned Diodorus, who had recently arrived from Syria, and communicated with him about his affairs.
§31.12.3ὁ δὲ Διόδωρος τροφεὺς μὲν ἐγεγόνει τοῦ Δημητρίου, πανοῦργος δʼ ὢν καὶ κατωπτευκὼς ἐπιμελῶς τὰ κατὰ τὴν Συρίαν ὑπεδείκνυεν αὐτῷ, §31.12.4διότι τῶν μὲν ἐκεῖ τεταραγμένων διὰ τὸν Γναΐου φόνον, καὶ διαπιστούντων τῶν μὲν πολλῶν τοῖς περὶ τὸν Λυσίαν, τῶν δὲ περὶ τὸν Λυσίαν τοῖς πολλοῖς, τῆς δὲ συγκλήτου πεπεισμένης ἐκ τῶν τοῦ βασιλέως φίλων γεγονέναι τὴν εἰς τοὺς σφετέρους πρεσβευτὰς παρανομίαν, κάλλιστον εἶναι καιρὸν ἐπιφανῆναι τοῖς πράγμασιν· §31.12.5ταχέως γὰρ τοὺς μὲν ἐκεῖ μεταρρίψειν τὴν βασιλείαν εἰς αὐτόν, κἂν ὅλως μετὰ παιδὸς ἑνὸς ποιήσηται τὴν παρουσίαν, τὴν δὲ σύγκλητον οὐ τολμήσειν ἔτι βοηθεῖν οὐδὲ συνεπισχύειν τοῖς περὶ τὸν Λυσίαν τοιαῦτα διεργασαμένοις.
Now Diodorus had been the foster-father of Demetrius, and being a crafty man and having carefully reconnoitred the state of affairs in Syria, he pointed out to him: namely, that since those there were in confusion on account of the murder of Gnaeus, and the majority distrusted Lysias' party, while Lysias' party distrusted the majority, and the Senate was convinced that the lawless outrage upon their own ambassadors had been committed by the king's friends, it was the best opportunity for him to appear on the scene; for those there would quickly transfer the sovereignty to him, even if he made his appearance with only a single attendant, while the Senate would no longer dare to assist or help to strengthen Lysias' party, who had perpetrated such deeds.
§31.12.6λοιπὸν εἶναι τὸ λαθεῖν ἐκ τῆς Ῥώμης ἀπελθόντας, καὶ μηδένα λαβεῖν ἔννοιαν τῆς ἐπιβολῆς αὐτοῦ.
It only remained, then, to escape from Rome secretly, and to let no one get a notion of his attempt.
§31.12.7δοξάντων δὲ τούτων μετεπέμπετο τὸν Πολύβιον καὶ δηλώσας τὰ δεδογμένα παρεκάλει συνεπιλαβέσθαι τῆς ἐπιβολῆς καὶ συνδιανοηθῆναι πῶς ἂν χειρισθείη τὰ κατὰ τὸν δρασμόν.
These plans having been approved, he sent for Polybius, and disclosing what had been decided, begged him to assist in the enterprise and to help think how the details of the escape could be managed.
§31.12.8συνέβαινε δὲ κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον Μένυλλον μὲν τὸν Ἀλαβανδέα παρεῖναι πρεσβεύοντα παρὰ τοῦ πρεσβυτέρου βασιλέως Πτολεμαίου χάριν τοῦ συγκαταστῆναι καὶ δικαιολογηθῆναι πρὸς τὸν νεώτερον Πτολεμαῖον· ἐτύγχανε δὲ προϋπάρχουσα τῷ Πολυβίῳ πρὸς τὸν Μένυλλον ἰσχυρὰ συνήθεια καὶ πίστις.
Now it happened at this time that Menyllus of Alabanda was present as ambassador from the elder King Ptolemy, for the purpose of settling matters and pleading his cause against the younger Ptolemy; and there existed beforehand a strong friendship and confidence between Polybius and Menyllus.
§31.12.9διὸ καὶ νομίσας αὐτὸν ἐπιτήδειον εἶναι πρὸς τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν χρείαν συνέστησε τῷ Δημητρίῳ μετὰ μεγάλης σπουδῆς καὶ φιλοτιμίας.
Therefore, thinking him suitable for the present need, Polybius introduced him to Demetrius with great zeal and earnestness.
§31.12.10ὁ δὲ κοινωνήσας τῆς ἐπιβολῆς ἀνεδέξατο τήν τε ναῦν ἑτοιμάσαι καὶ τἄλλα πρὸς τὸν πλοῦν ἀπαρτιεῖν.
The latter, having shared in the enterprise, undertook to prepare the ship and to get everything else ready for the voyage.
§31.12.11οὗτος μὲν οὖν εὑρὼν ἐν τῷ στόματι τοῦ Τιβέριος ὁρμοῦσαν Καρχηδονίαν ναῦν ἱεραγωγόν, ταύτην ἐναυλώσατο· §31.12.12συμβαίνει δὲ τὰ πλοῖα ταῦτα λαμβάνεσθαι κατʼ ἐκλογὴν ἐκ τῆς Καρχηδόνος, ἐφʼ οἷς εἰς τὴν Τύρον ἐκπέμπουσιν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι τὰς πατρίους ἀπαρχὰς τοῖς θεοῖς· ἐναυλοῦτο δὲ φανερῶς εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν ἀνακομιδήν.
He, then, finding a Carthaginian sacred ship lying at anchor at the mouth of the Tiber, chartered it; now it happened that these vessels were selected from Carthage, on which the Carthaginians send to Tyre the ancestral first-fruits for the gods; and it was chartered openly for their own return.
§31.12.13διὸ καὶ τήν τε τῶν ἐπιμηνίων παρασκευὴν ἀνυπόπτως ἐποιεῖτο καὶ φανερῶς ἐλάλει καὶ συνέταττε τοῖς ναυτικοῖς.
Consequently, he also made the preparation of provisions for a month without exciting suspicion, and openly spoke to and gave orders to the crew.

Notes

  1. 31.12.1ἐξᾴσας τὸ κύκνειον — The metaphorical expression "having sung the swan-song," originating from the legend that swans sing most beautifully just before they die. Here it refers to Demetrius's final, passionate, but ultimately futile petition to the Senate.
  2. 31.12.4διότι — The conjunction διότι here does not mean "because," but rather functions to introduce the content of Diodorus's statement (equivalent to ὅτι) depending on the verb ὑπεδείκνυεν, leading to the subsequent infinitive clause κάλλιστον εἶναι.
  3. 31.12.5μετὰ παιδὸς ἑνὸς — The noun παῖς here means "attendant" or "servant" rather than "child." It expresses the hyperbolic hypothesis that even if Demetrius appears with only a single servant, without any military escort, he will still gain the support of the locals.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §31.12.1-31.12.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:31.12.1-31.12.13

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