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Polybius · The Histories §22.8.1-22.8.13

Achaean Rejection of King Eumenes's Financial Offer

Passage 1017 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

At the Achaean assembly, Apollonidas of Sicyon urges the rejection of King Eumenes' financial offer as an illegal bribe, supported by Cassander of Aegina, leading the assembly to unanimously reject the king's proposal.

§22.8.1κατέπαυσαν τὸν λόγον.
They concluded their speech.
μεθʼ οὓς Ἀπολλωνίδας ὁ Σικυώνιος ἀναστὰς κατὰ μὲν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν διδομένων χρημάτων ἀξίαν ἔφη τὴν δωρεὰν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν, κατὰ δὲ τὴν προαίρεσιν τοῦ διδόντος καὶ τὴν χρείαν, §22.8.2εἰς ἣν δίδοται, πασῶν αἰσχίστην καὶ παρανομωτάτην.
After them, Apollonidas of Sicyon rose and said that, while as regards the amount of money offered, the gift was worthy of the Achaeans, yet as regards the intention of the giver and the purpose for which it was given, it was the most shameful and illegal of all.
§22.8.3τῶν γὰρ νόμων κωλυόντων μηθένα μήτε τῶν ἰδιωτῶν μήτε τῶν ἀρχόντων παρὰ βασιλέως δῶρα λαμβάνειν κατὰ μηδʼ ὁποίαν πρόφασιν, πάντας ἅμα δωροδοκεῖσθαι προφανῶς, προσδεξαμένους τὰ χρήματα, πάντων εἶναι παρανομώτατον, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις αἴσχιστον ὁμολογουμένως.
For since the laws forbade anyone, whether private individuals or magistrates, to receive gifts from a king under any pretext whatsoever, for all of them to be openly bribed at once by accepting the money was the most illegal of all things, and in addition to this, admittedly the most shameful.
§22.8.4τὸ γὰρ ὀψωνιάζεσθαι τὴν βουλὴν ὑπʼ Εὐμένους καθʼ ἕκαστον ἔτος καὶ βουλεύεσθαι περὶ τῶν κοινῶν καταπεπωκότας οἱονεὶ δέλεαρ, πρόδηλον ἔχειν τὴν αἰσχύνην καὶ τὴν βλάβην.
For that the senate should be salaried by Eumenes every year, and deliberate on public affairs after having swallowed, as it were, a bait, carried with it obvious shame and harm.
§22.8.5νῦν μὲν γὰρ Εὐμένη διδόναι χρήματα, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Προυσίαν δώσειν, καὶ πάλιν Σέλευκον.
For now indeed Eumenes was giving money, but after this Prusias would give, and again Seleucus.
§22.8.6τῶν δὲ πραγμάτων ἐναντίαν φύσιν ἐχόντων τοῖς βασιλεῦσι καὶ ταῖς δημοκρατίαις, καὶ τῶν πλείστων καὶ μεγίστων διαβουλίων αἰεὶ γινομένων περὶ τῶν πρὸς τοὺς βασιλεῖς ἡμῖν διαφερόντων, §22.8.7φανερῶς ἀνάγκη δυεῖν θάτερον ἢ τὸ τῶν βασιλέων λυσιτελὲς ἐπίπροσθεν γίνεσθαι τοῦ κατʼ ἰδίαν συμφέροντος ἢ τούτου μὴ συμβαίνοντος ἀχαρίστους φαίνεσθαι πᾶσιν, ἀντιπράττοντας τοῖς αὑτῶν μισθοδόταις.
And since the interests of kings and democracies are by nature opposite, and most of our greatest deliberations are always about our differences with the kings, it was clearly inevitable that one of two things must happen: either the interest of the kings would be preferred to our own advantage, or, if this did not happen, we should appear ungrateful to all, by acting against our own paymasters.
§22.8.8διὸ μὴ μόνον ἀπείπασθαι παρεκάλει τοὺς Ἀχαιούς, ἀλλὰ καὶ μισεῖν τὸν Εὐμένη διὰ τὴν ἐπίνοιαν τῆς δόσεως.
Therefore, he urged the Achaeans not only to reject the offer, but also to hate Eumenes for the very design of the gift.
§22.8.9μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον ἀναστὰς Κάσσανδρος Αἰγινήτης ἀνέμνησε τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς τῆς Αἰγινητῶν ἀκληρίας, ᾗ περιέπεσον διὰ τὸ μετὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν συμπολιτεύεσθαι, ὅτε Πόπλιος Σολπίκιος ἐπιπλεύσας τῷ στόλῳ πάντας ἐξηνδραποδίσατο τοὺς ταλαιπώρους Αἰγινήτας· §22.8.10ὑπὲρ ὧν διεσαφήσαμεν, τίνα τρόπον Αἰτωλοί, κύριοι γενόμενοι τῆς πόλεως κατὰ τὰς πρὸς Ῥωμαίους συνθήκας, Ἀττάλῳ παραδοῖεν, τριάκοντα τάλαντα παρʼ αὐτοῦ λαβόντες.
After him, Cassander of Aegina rose and reminded the Achaeans of the misfortune of the Aeginetans, which they had fallen into because of their being members of the Achaean League, when Publius Sulpicius sailing against them with his fleet enslaved all the wretched Aeginetans; concerning whom we have detailed in what manner the Aetolians, having become masters of the city according to the treaty with the Romans, delivered it to Attalus, receiving thirty talents from him.
§22.8.11ταῦτʼ οὖν τιθεὶς τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν ἠξίου τὸν Εὐμένη μὴ διάφορα προτείνοντα θηρεύειν τὴν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν εὔνοιαν, ἀλλὰ τὴν πόλιν ἀποδιδόντα τυγχάνειν πάντων τῶν φιλανθρώπων ἀναντιρρήτως.
Putting these things before the eyes of the Achaeans, he demanded that Eumenes should not hunt for the goodwill of the Achaeans by offering money, but by restoring the city, he would obtain all kind of benevolence without dispute.
§22.8.12τοὺς δʼ Ἀχαιοὺς παρεκάλει μὴ δέχεσθαι τοιαύτας δωρεάς, διʼ ὧν φανήσονται καὶ τὰς εἰς τὸ μέλλον ἐλπίδας ἀφαιρούμενοι τῆς Αἰγινητῶν σωτηρίας.
And he urged the Achaeans not to accept such gifts, by which they would appear to rob the Aeginetans of even their hopes for the future salvation.
τοιούτων δὲ γενομένων λόγων, §22.8.13ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον παρέστη τὸ πλῆθος ὥστε μὴ τολμῆσαι μηθένα συνειπεῖν τῷ βασιλεῖ, πάντας δὲ μετὰ κραυγῆς ἐκβαλεῖν τὴν προτεινομένην δωρεάν, καίτοι δοκούσης αὐτῆς ἔχειν τι δυσαντοφθάλμητον διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν προτεινομένων χρημάτων.
After such speeches were made, the multitude was so affected that no one dared to speak in favor of the king, but all with a shout rejected the offered gift, although it seemed to have something difficult to resist because of the large amount of money offered.

Notes

  1. §22.8.1ἀξίαν ἔφη τὴν δωρεὰν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν — The genitive τῶν Ἀχαιῶν depends on the adjective ἀξίαν, meaning 'worthy of the Achaeans' or 'befitting the Achaeans.' Apollonidas admits that the scale of the money is worthy of a great power like the Achaean League, while severely criticizing its political intentions.
  2. §22.8.4τὸ γὰρ ὀψωνιάζεσθαι ... πρόδηλον ἔχειν τὴν αἰσχύνην — This is an accusative with infinitive construction continuing the indirect speech introduced by ἔφη. The articular infinitive phrase τὸ ὀψωνιάζεσθαι ... καὶ βουλεύεσθαι ('being salaried and deliberating') serves as the accusative subject of the infinitive ἔχειν. The following clauses maintain the same construction.
  3. §22.8.7δυεῖν θάτερον ἢ ... ἢ ... — The phrase δυεῖν θάτερον ('one of the two things') serves as the subject of the impersonal expression ἀνάγκη [ἐστί], and the following ἢ ... ἢ ... clauses (expressed as accusative with infinitive constructions) explain the concrete alternatives.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §22.8.1-22.8.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:22.8.1-22.8.13

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