Polybius · The Histories §15.2.1-15.2.15
Carthaginian Attack on the Roman Envoys and Their Survival
Summary
The Carthaginian majority decides to dismiss the Roman envoys without a reply, while extremist politicians conspire with Admiral Hasdrubal to ambush and sink their ship on their journey home. After being abandoned by their escort, the envoys are attacked by Carthaginian triremes but manage to run their ship aground and miraculously survive with the help of nearby Roman foragers.
§15.2.1οἱ μὲν οὖν πρέσβεις τοιαῦτα διαλεχθέντες ἀνεχώρησαν·
The envoys, then, having spoken in this manner, departed.
§15.2.2τῶν δὲ Καρχηδονίων ὀλίγοι μὲν ἦσαν οἱ συναινοῦντες μὴ παραβαίνειν τὰς ὁμολογίας, οἱ δὲ πλείους καὶ τῶν πολιτευομένων καὶ τῶν βουλευομένων βαρέως μὲν ἔφερον τὰς ἐν ταῖς συνθήκαις ἐπιταγάς, δυσχερῶς δʼ ἀνείχοντο τὴν τῶν πρεσβευτῶν παρρησίαν, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις οὐχ οἷοί τʼ ἦσαν προέσθαι τὰ κατηγμένα πλοῖα καὶ τὰς ἐκ τούτων χορηγίας.
Of the Carthaginians, those who agreed not to violate the agreement were few, but the majority, both of the politicians and of the councilors, were deeply displeased by the demands in the treaty, and could ill brook the frankness of the envoys; and in addition to this, they were not able to give up the captured ships and the supplies from them.
§15.2.3τὸ δὲ συνέχον, οὐ μικρὰς ἀλλὰ μεγάλας εἶχον ἐλπίδας νικήσειν διὰ τῶν περὶ τὸν Ἀννίβαν.
But the main point was, they had no small but great hopes of conquering through those around Hannibal.
§15.2.4τοῖς μὲν οὖν πολλοῖς ἔδοξε τοὺς πρέσβεις ἀναποκρίτους ἐξαποστέλλειν· τῶν δὲ πολιτευομένων οἷς ἦν προκείμενον ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου συγχέαι πάλιν τὸν πόλεμον, οὗτοι συνεδρεύσαντες μηχανῶνταί τι τοιοῦτον.
To the majority, then, it seemed good to send the envoys away without an answer; but those of the politicians whose purpose it was to throw the war into confusion again by every means, having met in council, devised some such plan as follows.
§15.2.5ἔφασαν δεῖν πρόνοιαν ποιήσασθαι τῶν πρεσβευτῶν, ἵνα μετʼ ἀσφαλείας ἀνακομισθῶσιν εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν παρεμβολήν.
They said that it was necessary to take precautions for the envoys, in order that they might return in safety to their own camp.
§15.2.6καὶ παραυτίκα τούτοις μὲν ἡτοίμαζον δύο τριήρεις παραπόμπους, πρὸς δὲ τὸν ναύαρχον Ἀσδρούβαν διεπέμψαντο παρακαλοῦντες ἑτοιμάσαι πλοῖα μὴ μακρὰν τῆς τῶν Ῥωμαίων παρεμβολῆς, ἵνʼ ἐπειδὰν αἱ παραπέμπουσαι νῆες ἀπολίπωσι τοὺς Ῥωμαίους, ἐπαναχθέντα ταῦτα καταποντίσῃ τοὺς πρεσβευτάς.
And immediately they prepared two triremes as an escort for them, and sent word to the admiral Hasdrubal, urging him to prepare ships not far from the Roman camp, so that when the escorting ships should leave the Romans, these might put out to sea and sink the envoys.
§15.2.7ἐφώρμει γὰρ αὐτοῖς τὸ ναυτικὸν κατὰ τοὺς πρὸ τῆς Ἰτύκης ἐγκειμένους τόπους.
For their fleet was lying at anchor in the places lying off Utica.
§15.2.8οὗτοι μὲν οὖν ταῦτα διαταξάμενοι πρὸς τὸν Ἀσδρούβαν ἐξέπεμπον τοὺς Ῥωμαίους, ἐντειλάμενοι τοῖς ἐπὶ τῶν τριήρων, [ὡς] ἐὰν παραλλάξωσι τὸν Μακάραν ποταμόν, αὖθις ἀπολιπόντας ἀποπλεῖν ἐν τῷ πόρῳ τοὺς πρεσβευτάς·
They, then, having arranged these things with Hasdrubal, sent the Romans away, having commanded those on the triremes that, as soon as they had passed the river Macaras, they should leave the envoys in the passage and sail back.
§15.2.9καὶ γὰρ ἦν ἐκ τούτων τῶν τόπων συνορᾶν ἤδη τὴν τῶν ὑπεναντίων παρεμβολήν·
For from these places it was already possible to see the camp of the enemy.
§15.2.10οἱ δὲ παραπέμποντες, ἐπεὶ κατὰ τὸ συνταχθὲν παρήλλαξαν τὸν ποταμόν, ἀσπασάμενοι τοὺς Ῥωμαίους αὖθις ἐπανέπλεον.
And the escort, when they had passed the river according to orders, having saluted the Romans, sailed back again.
§15.2.11οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Λεύκιον ἄλλο μὲν οὐδὲν ὑφεωρῶντο δεινόν, νομίσαντες δὲ τοὺς παραπέμποντας διʼ ὀλιγωρίαν αὐτοὺς προαπολιπεῖν ἐπὶ ποσὸν ἐδυσχέραινον.
Lucius and his colleagues suspected no other danger, but thinking that the escort had left them prematurely out of neglect, they were somewhat annoyed.
§15.2.12ἅμα δὲ τῷ μονωθέντας αὐτοὺς πλεῖν ἐπανάγονται τρισὶ τριήρεσιν ἐξ ὑποβολῆς οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι, καὶ παραβαλόντες τῇ Ῥωμαϊκῇ πεντήρει τρῶσαι μὲν οὐχ οἷοί τʼ ἦσαν, ὑποχωρούσης τῆς νεώς, οὐδὲ τοῦ καταστρώματος ἐπιβῆναι διὰ τὸ γενναίως ἀμύνεσθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας·
And as soon as they were sailing alone, the Carthaginians put out to sea against them with three triremes by secret instruction; and having come alongside the Roman quinquereme, they were not able to ram it, as the ship retreated, nor to board the deck because the men defended themselves gallantly.
§15.2.13ἐκ παραβολῆς δὲ καὶ πέριξ προσμαχόμενοι κατετίτρωσκον τοὺς ἐπιβάτας καὶ διέφθειρον πολλοὺς αὐτῶν, §15.2.14ἕως οὗ κατιδόντες οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι τοὺς προνομεύοντας τὴν παραλίαν ἀπὸ τῆς ἰδίας στρατοπεδείας παραβοηθοῦντας ἐπὶ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν ἐξέβαλον τὴν ναῦν εἰς τὴν γῆν.
But fighting alongside and all around, they wounded the marines and killed many of them, until the Romans, seeing those who were foraging along the coast from their own camp running to the beach to help them, ran their ship aground.
§15.2.15τῶν μὲν οὖν ἐπιβατῶν οἱ πλεῖστοι διεφθάρησαν, οἱ δὲ πρεσβευταὶ παραδόξως ἐξεσώθησαν.
Most of the marines, then, were killed, but the envoys unexpectedly escaped.
Notes
- 15.2.3τὸ δὲ συνέχον — An idiomatic adverbial expression functioning as an accusative (or nominative) absolute in the neuter singular, introducing the main or decisive point, meaning 'but the main point was' or 'most importantly'.
- 15.2.11οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Λεύκιον — The construction 'preposition περί + accusative' with a proper name is a classic idiom meaning 'Lucius and his companions' or 'Lucius and his party', referring to the entire embassy rather than merely people around him.
- 15.2.12ἅμα δὲ τῷ μονωθέντας αὐτοὺς πλεῖν — The construction 'ἅμα τῷ + infinitive' (πλεῖν) expresses simultaneous action, meaning 'as soon as they sailed' or 'at the very moment of their sailing'. The accusative αὐτούς functions as the subject of the infinitive, modified by the accusative passive participle μονωθέντας ('having been left alone').
Cite this passage
Polybius, The Histories §15.2.1-15.2.15. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:15.2.1-15.2.15
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