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Polybius · The Histories §1.13.1-1.13.13

Scope of the Introductory Books and the First Punic War

Passage 13 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

The author explains the plan of the introductory narrative from the First Punic War to the Cleomenic War, highlighting the significance of the First Punic War over Sicily as the most suitable event for comparing the Roman and Carthaginian states.

§1.13.1ἀφεμένους δὲ τούτων λέγειν ὥρα περὶ τῶν προκειμένων, ἐπὶ βραχὺ καὶ κεφαλαιωδῶς προεκθεμένους τὰς ἐν τῇ προκατασκευῇ πράξεις.
It is time, therefore, to leave these matters and speak of our subject, after having set forth briefly and summarily the events in the introductory preparation.
§1.13.2ὧν εἰσι πρῶται κατὰ τὴν τάξιν αἱ γενόμεναι Ῥωμαίοις καὶ Καρχηδονίοις ἐν τῷ περὶ Σικελίας πολέμῳ.
First among these in order are the events that occurred between the Romans and the Carthaginians in the war over Sicily.
§1.13.3ταύταις συνεχὴς ὁ Λιβυκὸς πόλεμος· ᾧ συνάπτει τὰ κατʼ Ἰβηρίαν Ἀμίλκᾳ, μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ἀσδρούβᾳ πραχθέντα καὶ Καρχηδονίοις.
To this succeeds the Libyan War, with which are connected the achievements in Iberia accomplished by Hamilcar, and after him by Hasdrubal and the Carthaginians.
§1.13.4οἷς ἐγένετο κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν καιρὸν ἡ πρώτη Ῥωμαίων διάβασις εἰς τὴν Ἰλλυρίδα καὶ ταῦτα τὰ μέρη τῆς Εὐρώπης, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῖς προειρημένοις οἱ πρὸς τοὺς ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ Κελτοὺς ἀγῶνες.
At the same time as these occurred the first crossing of the Romans to Illyria and these parts of Europe, and following upon the aforementioned events, the struggles against the Celts in Italy.
§1.13.5τούτοις δὲ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν καιρὸν παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ὁ Κλεομενικὸς καλούμενος ἐνηργεῖτο πόλεμος, εἰς ὃν καὶ τὴν καταστροφὴν ἐποιησάμεθα τῆς ὅλης κατασκευῆς καὶ τῆς δευτέρας βύβλου.
At the same time with these, among the Greeks, the so-called Cleomenic War was being waged, with which we have made the conclusion of our entire introductory preparation and of our second book.
§1.13.6τὸ μὲν οὖν ἐξαριθμεῖσθαι τὰ κατὰ μέρος ὑπὲρ τῶν προειρημένων πράξεων οὐδὲν οὔθʼ ἡμῖν ἀναγκαῖον οὔτε τοῖς ἀκούουσι χρήσιμον.
Now, to enumerate in detail the individual circumstances of the aforementioned events is neither necessary for us nor useful for our readers.
§1.13.7οὐ γὰρ ἱστορεῖν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν προτιθέμεθα, μνησθῆναι δὲ κεφαλαιωδῶς προαιρούμεθα χάριν τῆς προκατασκευῆς τῶν μελλουσῶν ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ἱστορεῖσθαι πράξεων.
For we do not propose to write the history of these events, but we choose to mention them summarily for the sake of the preparation for those events which are to be narrated by us.
§1.13.8διόπερ ἐπὶ κεφαλαίων ψαύοντες κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς τῶν προειρημένων πειρασόμεθα συνάψαι τὴν τελευτὴν τῆς προκατασκευῆς τῇ τῆς ἡμετέρας ἱστορίας ἀρχῇ καὶ προθέσει.
Therefore, touching only upon the main points in the continuity of the aforementioned, we shall attempt to connect the end of our introductory preparation with the beginning and subject of our actual history.
§1.13.9τοῦτον γὰρ τὸν τρόπον συνεχοῦς γινομένης τῆς διηγήσεως, ἡμεῖς τε δόξομεν εὐλόγως ἐφάπτεσθαι τῶν ἤδη προϊστορημένων ἑτέροις, τοῖς τε φιλομαθοῦσιν ἐκ τῆς τοιαύτης οἰκονομίας εὐμαθῆ καὶ ῥᾳδίαν ἐπὶ τὰ μέλλοντα ῥηθήσεσθαι παρασκευάσομεν τὴν ἔφοδον.
For if the narrative is made continuous in this manner, we shall be seen to connect our work reasonably with what has already been recorded by others, and we shall render the approach to what is to be told in the future easy and plain for studious readers by means of such an arrangement.
§1.13.10βραχὺ δʼ ἐπιμελέστερον πειρασόμεθα διελθεῖν ὑπὲρ τοῦ πρώτου συστάντος πολέμου Ῥωμαίοις καὶ Καρχηδονίοις περὶ Σικελίας.
We shall, however, attempt to go through with somewhat greater care the first war that arose between the Romans and the Carthaginians over Sicily.
§1.13.11οὔτε γὰρ πολυχρονιώτερον τούτου πόλεμον εὑρεῖν ῥᾴδιον οὔτε παρασκευὰς ὁλοσχερεστέρας οὔτε συνεχεστέρας πράξεις οὔτε πλείους ἀγῶνας οὔτε περιπετείας μείζους τῶν ἐν τῷ προειρημένῳ πολέμῳ συμβάντων ἑκατέροις.
For it is not easy to find a war more lasting than this, nor more comprehensive military preparations, nor more continuous operations, nor more numerous battles, nor greater vicissitudes of fortune than those which befell both parties in the aforementioned war.
§1.13.12αὐτά τε τὰ πολιτεύματα κατʼ ἐκείνους τοὺς καιροὺς ἀκμὴν ἀκέραια μὲν ἦν τοῖς ἐθισμοῖς, μέτρια δὲ ταῖς τύχαις, πάρισα δὲ ταῖς δυνάμεσιν.
Moreover, at those times the states themselves were still uncorrupted in their customs, moderate in their fortunes, and equal in their power.
§1.13.13διὸ καὶ τοῖς βουλομένοις καλῶς συνθεάσασθαι τὴν ἑκατέρου τοῦ πολιτεύματος ἰδιότητα καὶ δύναμιν οὐχ οὕτως ἐκ τῶν ἐπιγενομένων πολέμων ὡς ἐκ τούτου ποιητέον τὴν σύγκρισιν.
Therefore, for those who wish to perceive clearly the unique character and power of each state, the comparison must be made not so much from the subsequent wars as from this one.

Notes

  1. 1.13.1ἀφεμένους — The accusative participles `ἀφεμένους` and `προεκθεμένους` agree with the omitted subject of the infinitive `λέγειν` (`ἡμᾶς`), which is governed by the impersonal expression `ὥρα` ("it is time to...").
  2. 1.13.3ταύταις — The demonstrative pronoun `ταύταις` (dative plural feminine) refers back to `αἱ γενόμεναι ... πράξεις` (feminine plural) in `§1.13.2`, meaning the events of the Sicilian war. Meanwhile, the relative pronoun `ᾧ` (dative singular masculine) has `ὁ Λιβυκὸς πόλεμος` as its antecedent. The intransitive verb `συνάπτει` means "connects with" or "adjoins."
  3. 1.13.9τοῦτον γὰρ τὸν τρόπον — `τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον` is an adverbial accusative meaning "in this manner." The following phrase `συνεχοῦς γινομένης τῆς διηγήσεως` is a genitive absolute construction functioning as a conditional or circumstantial clause.
  4. 1.13.13ποιητέον — `ποιητέον` is the neuter singular of the verbal adjective `ποιητέος` used impersonally ("must be made"), with the agent of the action expressed in the dative case by `τοῖς βουλομένοις` ("by those who wish...").

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §1.13.1-1.13.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:1.13.1-1.13.13

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