§126ὁ δὲ σοφὸς οὔτε παραιτεῖται τὸ ζῆν〉 οὔτε φοβεῖται τὸ μὴ ζῆν· οὔτε γὰρ αὐτῷ προσίσταται τὸ ζῆν οὔτε δοξάζει κακὸν εἶναί τι τὸ μὴ ζῆν.
The wise man neither refuses to live nor fears not living; for living is not offensive to him, nor does he think that not living is any evil.
ὥσπερ δὲ τὸ σιτίον οὐ τὸ πλεῖον πάντως ἀλλὰ τὸ ἥδιστον αἱρεῖται, οὕτω καὶ χρόνον οὐ τὸν μήκιστον ἀλλὰ τὸν ἥδιστον καρπίζεται.
And just as he chooses not the greatest quantity of food but the most pleasant, so he enjoys not the longest time but the most pleasant.
Ὁ δὲ παραγγέλλων τὸν μὲν νέον καλῶς ζῆν, τὸν δὲ γέροντα καλῶς καταστρέφειν, εὐήθης ἐστὶν οὐ μόνον διὰ τὸ τῆς ζωῆς ἀσπαστόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τὸ τὴν αὐτὴν εἶναι μελέτην τοῦ καλῶς ζῆν καὶ τοῦ καλῶς ἀποθνήσκειν.
He who counsels the young man to live well and the old man to make a good end is foolish, not only because of the desirability of life, but also because the practice of living well and of dying well is the same.
πολὺ δὲ χείρων καὶ ὁ λέγων
"καλὸν μὲν μὴ φῦναι,φύντα δ’ ὅπως ὤκιστα πύλας Ἀίδαο περῆσαι. " §127Εἰ μὲν γὰρ πεποιθὼς τουτό φησν, πῶς οὐκ ἀπέρχεται ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν;
Much worse, too, is he who says: "It is good not to be born, but once born, to pass through the gates of Hades as quickly as possible." For if he says this from conviction, why does he not depart from life?
ἐν ἑτοίμῳ γὰρ αὐτῷ τοῦτ’ ἐστίν, εἴπερ ἦν βεβουλευμένον αὐτῷ βεβαίως·
For this is ready at hand for him, if indeed it had been firmly resolved by him.
εἰ δὲ μωκώμενος, μάταιος ἐν τοῖς οὐκ ἐπιδεχομένοις.
But if he says it in jest, he is foolish in matters that do not admit of it.
Μνημονευτέον δὲ ὡς τὸ μέλλον 〈οὔτε πάντως ἡμέτερον〉 οὔτε πάντως οὐχ ἡμέτερον, ἵνα μήτε πάντως προσμένωμεν ὡς ἐσόμενον μήτε ἀπελπίζωμεν ὡς πάντως οὐκ ἐσόμενον.
We must remember that the future is neither wholly ours nor wholly not ours, so that we may neither expect it as surely to come nor despair of it as surely not to come.
Ἀναλογιστέον δὲ ὡς τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν αἱ μέν εἰσι φυσικαί, αἱ δὲ κεναί, καὶ τῶν φυσικῶν αἱ μὲν ἀναγκαῖαι, αἱ δὲ φυσι καὶ μόνον· τῶν δὲ ἀναγκαίων αἱ μὲν πρὸς εὐδαιμονίαν εἰσὶν ἀναγκαῖαι, αἱ δὲ πρὸς τὴν τοῦ σώματος ἀοχλησίαν, αἱ δὲ πρὸς αὐτὸ τὸ ζῆν.
We must consider that of desires some are natural, others vain; and of the natural, some are necessary, others natural only; and of the necessary, some are necessary for happiness, others for the body's freedom from trouble, and others for life itself.
§128τούτων γὰρ ἀπλανὴς θεωρία πᾶσαν αἵρεσιν καὶ φυγὴν ἐπανάγειν οἶδεν ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ σώματος ὑγίειαν καὶ τὴν 〈τῆς ψυχῆς〉 ἀταραξίαν, ἐπεὶ τοῦτο τοῦ μακαρίως ζῆν ἐστι τέλος.
For an unerring contemplation of these knows how to refer every choice and avoidance to the health of the body and the tranquility of the soul, since this is the end of a blessed life.
τούτου γὰρ χάριν πάντα πράττομεν, ὅπως μήτε ἀλγῶμεν μήτε ταρβῶμεν.
For we do everything for the sake of this, that we may feel neither pain nor fear.
ὅταν δὲ ἅπαξ τοῦτο περὶ ἡμᾶς γένηται, λύεται πᾶς ὁ τῆς ψυχῆς χειμών, οὐκ ἔχοντος τοῦ ζῴου βαδίζειν ὡς πρὸς ἐνδέον τι καὶ ζητεῖν ἕτερον ᾧ τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ τοῦ σώματος ἀγαθὸν συμπληρώσεται.
And when once this state is achieved in us, all the storm of the soul is dissolved, the living being having no need to go as if toward something lacking, nor to seek something else by which the good of the soul and body will be fulfilled.
τότε γὰρ ἡδονῆς χρείαν ἔχομεν, ὅταν ἐκ τοῦ μὴ παρεῖναι τὴν ἡδονὴν ἀλγῶμεν· ‹ ὅταν δὲ μὴ ἀλγῶμεν,〉 οὐκέτι τῆς ἡδονῆς δεόμεθα.
For we have need of pleasure then, when we feel pain from the absence of pleasure; but when we do not feel pain, we no longer need pleasure.
§129Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο τὴν ἡδονὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τέλος λέγομεν εἶναι τοῦ μακαρίως ζῆν.
And for this reason we say that pleasure is the beginning and end of a blessed life.
ταύτην γὰρ ἀγαθὸν πρῶτον καὶ συγγενικὸν ἔγνωμεν, καὶ ἀπὸ ταύτης καταρχόμεθα πάσης αἱρέσεως καὶ φυγῆς, καὶ ἐπὶ ταύτην καταντῶμεν ὡς κανόνι τῷ πάθει πᾶν ἀγαθὸν κρίνοντες.
For we recognize this as the first and innate good, and from this we begin every choice and avoidance, and to this we return, judging every good by using feeling as a rule.
Καὶ ἐπεὶ πρῶτον ἀγαθὸν τοῦτο καὶ σύμφυτον, διὰ τοῦτο καὶ οὐ πᾶσαν ἡδονὴν αἱρούμεθα, ἀλλ’ ἔστιν ὅτε πολλὰς ἡδονὰς ὑπερβαίνομεν, ὅταν πλεῖον ἡμῖν τὸ δυσχερὲς ἐκ τούτων ἕπηται· καὶ πολλὰς ἀλγηδόνας ἡδονῶν κρείττους νομίζομεν, ἐπειδὰν μείζων ἡμῖν ἡδονὴ παρακολουθῇ πολὺν χρόνον ὑπομείνασι τὰς ἀλγηδόνας.
And since this is the first and innate good, for this reason we do not choose every pleasure, but there are times when we pass over many pleasures, when a greater annoyance follows from them; and we consider many pains superior to pleasures, when a greater pleasure follows for us after we have endured the pains for a long time.
πᾶσα οὖν ἡδονὴ διὰ τὸ φύσιν ἔχειν οἰκείαν ἀγαθόν, οὐ πᾶσα μέντοι αἱρετή· καθάπερ καὶ ἀλγηδὼν πᾶσα κακόν, οὐ πᾶσα δὲ ἀεὶ φευκτὴ πεφυκυῖα.
Every pleasure, therefore, because of having a natural affinity to us, is a good, but not every pleasure is to be chosen; just as every pain is an evil, yet not every pain is always to be avoided.
§130τῇ μέντοι συμμετρήσει καὶ συμφερόντων καὶ ἀσυμφόρων βλέψει ταῦτα πάντα κρίνειν καθήκει.
However, it is fitting to judge all these things by measuring them together and by looking at what is advantageous and what is disadvantageous.
χρώμεθα γὰρ τῷ μὲν ἀγαθῷ κατά τινας χρόνους ὡς κακῷ, τῷ δὲ κακῷ τοὔμπαλιν ὡς ἀγαθῷ.
For we treat the good at some times as an evil, and conversely the evil as a good.
Καὶ τὴν αὐτάρκειαν δὲ ἀγαθὸν μέγα νομίζομεν, οὐχ ἵνα πάντως τοῖς ὀλίγοις χρώμεθα, ἀλλ’ ὅπως ἐὰν μὴ ἔχωμεν τὰ πολλά, τοῖς ὀλίγοις ἀρκώμεθα, πεπεισμένοι γνησίως ὅτι ἥδιστα πολυτελείας ἀπολαύουσιν οἱ ἥκιστα ταύτης δεόμενοι, καὶ ὅτι τὸ μὲν φυσικὸν πᾶν εὐπόριστόν ἐστι, τὸ δὲ κενὸν δυσπόριστον, ὅτι τε λιτοὶ χυλοὶ ἴσην πολυτελεῖ διαίτῃ τὴν ἡδονὴν ἐπιφέρουσιν,
And we regard self-sufficiency as a great good, not that we may always use only a little, but so that, if we do not have much, we may be satisfied with a little, being genuinely convinced that those who least need luxury enjoy it most pleasantly, and that everything natural is easily procured, while that which is vain is difficult to procure, and that simple dishes bring equal pleasure to a luxurious diet,