Humanitext Reader

Callimachus · Hymn to Artemis §69-133

Equipping Artemis: Cyclopes, Pan's Hounds, and the Hinds

Passage 2 of 4 · Greek

Summary

In this passage, the young Artemis interacts with the Cyclopes and receives hunting dogs from Pan. She then captures the golden-horned hinds to draw her chariot, using her silver bow to bring ruin upon unjust cities and prosperity to the righteous.

§69ἔρχεται Ἑρμείης σποδιῇ κεχρημένος αἰθῇ· §70αὐτίκα τὴν κούρην μορμύσσεται, ἡ δὲ τεκούσης §71δύνει ἔσω κόλπους θεμένη ἐπὶ φάεσι χεῖρας.
Hermes comes, stained with burnt ashes; straightway he frightens the girl, and she, into her mother's bosom shrinks, putting her hands over her eyes.
§72κοῦρα, σὺ δὲ προτέπω περ, ἔτι τριέτηρος ἐοῦσα, §73εὖτʼ ἔμολεν Λητώ σε μετʼ ἀγκαλίδεσσι φέρουσα, §74Ἡφαίστου καλέοντος ὅπως ὀπτήρια δοίη, §75Βρόντεώ σε στιβαροῖσιν ἐφεσσαμένου γονάτεσσι, §76στήθεος ἐκ μεγάλου λασίης ἐδράξαο χαίτης, §77ὤλοψας δὲ βίηφι·
But, maiden, even before that, when you were yet a child of three years, when Leto came carrying you in her arms, at the invitation of Hephaestus that he might give you maiden-gifts, and Bronte sat you upon his sturdy knees, from his great breast you did grasp the shaggy hair, and tore it out by force.
τὸ δʼ ἄτριχον εἰσέτι καὶ νῦν §78μεσσάτιον στέρνοιο μένει μέρος, ὡς ὅτε κόρσην §79φωτὸς ἐνιδρυθεῖσα κόμην ἐπενείματʼ ἀλώπηξ.
And even until now, hairless remains that middle part of his breast, even as when alopecia settling upon a man's head shears away the hair.
§80τῶ μάλα θαρσαλέη σφε τάδε προσελέξαο τῆμος §81Κύκλωπες, κἠμοί τι Κυδώνιον εἰ δʼ ἄγε τόξον §82ἠδʼ ἰοὺς κοίλην τε κατακληῖδα βελέμνων §83τεύξατε· καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ Λητωιὰς ὥσπερ Ἀπόλλων.
Therefore very boldly did you address them then: "Cyclopes, come, fashion for me too a Cydonian bow and arrows, and a deep quiver for my shafts; for I too am a child of Leto, even as Apollo.
§84αἰ δέ κʼ ἐγὼ τόξοις μονιὸν δάκος ἤ τι πέλωρον §85θηρίον ἀγρεύσω, τὸ δέ κεν Κύκλωπες ἔδοιεν. §86ἔννεπες· οἱ δʼ ἐτέλεσσαν·
And if I with my bow should hunt some wild beast or some monstrous creature, that shall the Cyclopes eat." So you spoke, and they fulfilled it.
ἄφαρ δʼ ὡπλίσσαο, δαῖμον, §87αἶψα δʼ ἐπὶ σκύλακας πάλιν ἤιες· ἵκεο δʼ αὖλιν §88Ἀρκαδικὴν ἔπι Πανός.
Straightway you armed yourself, goddess, and swiftly went again after hounds; and you came to the fold of Arcadian Pan.
ὁ δὲ κρέα λυγκὸς ἔταμνε §89Μαιναλίης, ἵνα οἱ τοκάδες κύνες εἶδαρ ἔδοιεν.
He was cutting up the flesh of a Maenalian lynx, that his breeding she-hounds might eat it for food.
§90τὶν δʼ ὁ γενειήτης δύο μὲν κύνας ἥμισυ πηγοὺς §91τρεῖς δὲ παρουαίους ἕνα δʼ αἰόλον, οἵ ῥα λέοντας §92αὐτοὺς αὖ ἐρύοντες, ὅτε δράξαιντο δεράων, §93εἷλκον ἔτι ζώοντας ἐπʼ αὐλίον, ἑπτὰ δʼ ἔδωκε §94θάσσονας αὐράων Κυνοσουρίδας, αἵ ῥα διῶξαι §95ὤκισται νεβρούς τε καὶ οὐ μύοντα λαγωόν, §96καὶ κοίτην ἐλάφοιο καὶ ὕστριχος ἔνθα καλιαὶ §97σημῆναι, καὶ ζορκὸς ἐπʼ ἴχνιον ἡγήσασθαι.
And to you the bearded god gave two dogs half-white, three with floppy ears, and one spotted, which indeed dragged lions themselves, when they had gripped their necks, dragging them still alive back to the fold; and he gave seven Cynosurian hounds swifter than the winds, which are quickest to pursue fawns and the wide-eyed hare, and to mark the lair of the stag and where the porcupine has its nest, and to lead the way on the track of the roe-deer.
§98ἔνθεν ἀπερχομένη (μετὰ καὶ κύνες ἐσσεύοντο) §99εὗρες ἐτί προμολῇσʼ ὄρεος τοῦ Παρρασίοιο §100σκαιρούσας ἐλάφους, μέγα τι χρέος· αἱ μὲν ἑπʼ ὄχθῃς §101αἰὲν ἐβουκολέοντο μελαμψήφιδος Ἀναύρου, §102μάσσονες ἢ ταῦροι, κεράων δʼ ἀπελάμπετο χρυσός·
Departing thence (and the hounds sped along with you) you found still at the foot of the Parrhasian mountain sporting hinds, a wondrous sight; these on the banks of the black-pebbled Anaurus were ever feeding, larger than bulls, and from their horns gold shone forth.
§103ἐξαπίνης δʼ ἔταφές τε καὶ ὃν ποτὶ θυμὸν ἔειπες §104τοῦτό κεν Ἀρτέμιδος πρωτάγριον ἄξιον εἴη. §105πέντʼ ἔσαν αἱ πᾶσαι· πίσυρας δʼ ἕλες ὦκα θέουσα §106νόσφι κυνοδρομίης, ἵνα τοι θοὸν ἅρμα φέρωσι.
And of a sudden you were amazed, and said to your heart: "This would be a first-prey worthy of Artemis." Five they were in all; and four you caught, running swiftly, without the chase of hounds, that they might bear your swift chariot.
§107τὴν δὲ μίαν Κελάδοντος ὑπὲρ ποταμοῖο φυγοῦσαν §108Ἡρης ἐννεσίῃσιν, ἀέθλιον Ἡρακλῆι §109ὕστερον ὄφρα γένοιτο, πάγος Κερύνειος ἔδεκτο.
But the one that escaped over the river Celadon, by the promptings of Hera, that it might be a labor for Heracles in after time, the Ceryneian hill received.
§110Ἄρτεμι Παρθενίη Τιτυοκτόνε, χρύσεα μέν τοι §111ἔντεα καὶ ζώνη, χρύσεον δʼ ἐζεύξαο δίφρον, §112ἐν δʼ ἐβάλευ χρύσεια, θεή, κεμάδεσσι χαλινά.
Virgin Artemis, slayer of Tityus, golden indeed are your weapons and girdle, and a golden chariot you did yoke, and did cast golden bits, goddess, upon the hinds.
§113ποῦ δέ σε τὸ πρῶτον κερόεις ὄχος ἤρξατʼ ἀείρειν;
And where did your horned chariot first begin to raise you?
§114Αἵμῳ ἐπὶ Θρήικι, τόθεν βορέαο κατᾶιξ §115ἔρχεται ἀχλαίνοισι δυσαέα κρυμὸν ἄγουσα.
On Thracian Haemus, whence the blast of Boreas comes bringing hard-blowing frost to those without cloaks.
§116ποῦ δʼ ἔταμες πεύκην, ἀπὸ δὲ φλογὸς ἥψαο ποίης;
And where did you cut the pine-torch, and from what fire did you kindle it?
§117Μυσῷ ἐν Οὐλύμπῳ, φάεος δʼ ἐνέηκας ἀυτμὴν §118ἀσβέστου, τό ῥα πατρὸς ἀποστάζουσι κεραυνοί.
On Mysian Olympus, and you did put into it the breath of unquenchable light, which the thunderbolts of your father distill.
§119ποσσάκι δʼ ἀργυρέοιο, θεή, πειρήσαο τόξου;
And how many times, goddess, did you make trial of your silver bow?
§120πρῶτον ἐπὶ πτελέην, τὸ δὲ δεύτερον ἧκας ἐπὶ δρῦν, §121τὸ τρίτον αὖτʼ ἐπὶ θῆρα.
First at an elm, and secondly you shot at an oak, the third time again at a wild beast.
τὸ τέτρατον οὐκέτʼ ἐπὶ δὴν §122ἀλλά μιν εἰς ἀδίκων ἔβαλες πόλιν, οἵ τε περὶ σφέας §123οἵ τε περὶ ξείνους ἀλιτήμονα πολλά τέλεσκον, §124σχέτλιοι·
But the fourth time, not for long but you did shoot it into a city of unjust men, who both against themselves and against strangers wrought many sinful deeds, wretched ones!
οἷς τύνη χαλεπὴν ἐμμάξεαι ὀργήν· §125κτήνεά φιν λοιμὸς καταβόσκεται, ἔργα δὲ πάχνη, §126κείρονται δὲ γέροντες ἐφʼ υἱάσιν, αἱ δὲ γυναῖκες §127ἢ βληταὶ θνῄσκουσι λεχωίδες ἠὲ φυγοῦσαι §128τίκτουσιν τῶν οὐδὲν ἐπὶ σφυρὸν ὀρθὸν ἀνέστη.
On whom you will stamp your heavy wrath; plague feeds upon their cattle, and frost upon their tillage, and old men mourn, cutting their hair for their sons, and women either are stricken and die in childbirth, or, escaping, bear children of whom none stands upright upon a straight ankle.
§129οἷς δέ κεν εὐμειδής τε καὶ ἵλαος αὐγάσσηαι, §130κείνοις εὖ μὲν ἄρουρα φέρει στάχυν, εὖ δὲ γενέθλη §131τετραπόδων, εὖ δʼ ὄλβος ἀέξεται· οὐδʼ ἐπὶ σῆμα §132ἔρχονται πλὴν εὖτε πολυχρόνιόν τι φέρωσιν· §133οὐδὲ διχοστασίη τρώει γένος, ἥ τε καὶ εὖ περ
But upon whomsoever you look with a smile and in mercy, to them the tilled land bears grain abundantly, and well fares the breed of four-footed beasts, and their wealth increases; nor to the grave do they go save when they bring something of full age; nor does discord wound their race, which even though well...

Notes

  1. §72προτέπω περ, ἔτι τριέτηρος ἐοῦσα — The adverb προτέπω ("even before that") contrasts the current customary scene of mothers frightening their children with the Cyclopes, with Artemis's own courageous action "even before that, when she was yet a child of three years." ἔτι τριέτηρος ἐοῦσα is a circumstantial participle indicating her age at that time.
  2. §105νόσφι κυνοδρομίης — The prepositional adverb νόσφι ("without") governs the genitive κυνοδρομίης ("chase of dogs"), meaning "without the chase of hounds." This emphasizes that Artemis captured the hinds solely through her own divine speed, without relying on her hunting dogs.
  3. §128τῶν οὐδὲν ἐπὶ σφυρὸν ὀρθὸν ἀνέστη — The relative pronoun in the genitive τῶν ("of whom") functions as a partitive genitive qualifying οὐδὲν ("none"). The adjective ὀρθὸν ("upright") functions predicatively with the prepositional phrase ἐπὶ σφυρὸν ("upon the ankle"), meaning "to stand upright on a straight ankle." This expresses the curse upon the unjust city where children are born deformed or crippled.
  4. §132πλὴν εὖτε πολυχρόνιόν τι φέρωσιν — The conjunction πλὴν ("except") is combined with the temporal conjunction εὖτε ("when") and the subjunctive φέρωσιν ("bear"), literally translating to "except when they bear something of long-lived age (i.e., old age) to the grave." This signifies a blessing upon the rightous, who do not die young but only meet death when they have reached an extremely advanced age.

Cite this passage

Callimachus, Hymn to Artemis §69-133. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0533.tlg017.humanitext-grc3:69-133

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.