§8.33.1εἰ δὲ ἡ Μεγάλη πόλις προθυμίᾳ τε τῇ πάσῃ συνοικισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων καὶ ἐπὶ μεγίσταις τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐλπίσιν ἐς αὐτὴν κόσμον τὸν ἅπαντα καὶ εὐδαιμονίαν τὴν ἀρχαίαν ἀφῄρηται καὶ τὰ πολλά ἐστιν αὐτῆς ἐρείπια ἐφʼ ἡμῶν, θαῦμα οὐδὲν ἐποιησάμην, εἰδὼς τὸ δαιμόνιον νεώτερα ἀεί τινα ἐθέλον ἐργάζεσθαι, καὶ ὁμοίως τὰ πάντα τά τε ἐχυρὰ καὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ καὶ τὰ γινόμενά τε καὶ ὁπόσα ἀπόλλυνται μεταβάλλουσαν τὴν τύχην, καὶ ὅπως ἂν αὐτῇ παριστῆται μετὰ ἰσχυρᾶς ἀνάγκης ἄγουσαν.
But if Megalopolis, which was founded as a joint settlement by the Arcadians with all enthusiasm, and with the greatest hopes among the Greeks, has been stripped of all its splendor and its ancient prosperity, and in our time the greater part of it is in ruins, I did not wonder at all, knowing that the divine power is always willing to work some new thing, and that fortune changes all things alike, both the strong and the weak, both those that are coming into being and those that perish, and leads them with strong necessity in whatever way it may present itself to her.
§8.33.2Μυκῆναι μέν γε, τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ πολέμου τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἡγησαμένη, καὶ Νῖνος, ἔνθα ἦν Ἀσσυρίοις βασίλεια, καὶ Βοιώτιαι Θῆβαι προστῆναι τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ ποτε ἀξιωθεῖσαι, αἱ μὲν ἠρήμωνται πανώλεθροι, τὸ δὲ ὄνομα τῶν Θηβῶν ἐς ἀκρόπολιν μόνην καὶ οἰκήτορας καταβέβηκεν οὐ πολλούς.
Indeed, Mycenae, which led the Greeks in the war against Ilium, and Ninus, where the palace of the Assyrians was, and Boeotian Thebes, which was once deemed worthy to stand at the head of the Greek world, have on the one hand been utterly destroyed and laid waste, and the name of Thebes has come down to the acropolis alone and to a few inhabitants.
τὰ δὲ ὑπερηρκότα πλούτῳ τὸ ἀρχαῖον, Θῆβαί τε αἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ὁ Μινύης Ὀρχομενὸς καὶ ἡ Δῆλος τὸ κοινὸν Ἑλλήνων ἐμπόριον, αἱ μὲν ἀνδρὸς ἰδιώτου μέσου δυνάμει χρημάτων καταδέουσιν ἐς εὐδαιμονίαν, ἡ Δῆλος δέ, ἀφελόντι τοὺς ἀφικνουμένους παρʼ Ἀθηναίων ἐς τοῦ ἱεροῦ τὴν φρουράν, Δηλίων γε ἕνεκα ἔρημός ἐστιν ἀνθρώπων.
On the other hand, those which of old surpassed in wealth, namely Egyptian Thebes, Orchomenus of the Minyae, and Delos, the common mart of the Greeks, are on the one hand inferior in prosperity even to the wealth of an ordinary man of moderate means, while Delos, if one removes those who come from Athens for the guard of the sanctuary, is, as far as the Delians themselves are concerned, destitute of men.
§8.33.3Βαβυλῶνος δὲ τοῦ μὲν Βήλου τὸ ἱερὸν λείπεται, Βαβυλῶνος δὲ ταύτης, ἥντινα εἶδε πόλεων τῶν τότε μεγίστην ἥλιος, οὐδὲν ἔτι ἦν εἰ μὴ τεῖχος, καθὰ καὶ Τίρυνθος τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι.
Of Babylon, the temple of Belus remains, but of this Babylon, which the sun once saw as the greatest of the cities of that time, nothing was still left but the wall, just as of Tiryns in Argolis.
ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἐποίησεν ὁ δαίμων εἶναι τὸ μηδέν· ἡ δὲ Ἀλεξάνδρου πόλις ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ ἡ Σελεύκου παρὰ τῷ Ὀρόντῃ χθές τε ᾠκισμέναι καὶ πρῴην ἐς τοσοῦτο ἐπιδεδώκασι μεγέθους καὶ εὐδαιμονίας, ὅτι σφᾶς ἡ τύχη δεξιοῦται.
These things indeed the divine power has made to be nothing; while the city of Alexander in Egypt and that of Seleucus on the Orontes, founded yesterday and the day before, have increased to such a degree of size and prosperity because fortune favors them.
§8.33.4ἐπιδείκνυται δὲ καὶ ἐν τῷδε ἔτι τὴν ἰσχὺν μείζονα καὶ θαύματος πλείονος ἢ κατὰ συμφορὰς καὶ εὐπραγίας πόλεων· Λήμνου γὰρ πλοῦν ἀπεῖχεν οὐ πολὺν Χρύση νῆσος, ἐν ᾗ καὶ τῷ Φιλοκτήτῃ γενέσθαι συμφορὰν ἐκ τοῦ ὕδρου φασί· ταύτην κατέλαβεν ὁ κλύδων πᾶσαν, καὶ κατέδυ τε ἡ Χρύση καὶ ἠφάνισται κατὰ τοῦ βυθοῦ.
And fortune displays her power even greater and of more wonder in this than in the disasters and successes of cities; for the island of Chryse was not a long voyage distant from Lemnos, on which they say that Philoctetes met with his misfortune from the water-snake; this island the flood completely engulfed, and Chryse sank and disappeared into the depths.
νῆσον δὲ ἄλλην καλουμένην Ἱερὰν τόνδε οὐκ ἦν χρόνον.
And another island called Hiera did not exist at that time.
οὕτω μὲν τὰ ἀνθρώπινα πρόσκαιρά τε καὶ οὐδαμῶς ἐστιν ἐχυρά·
Thus human affairs are transitory and in no way secure.