§4.30.1ἔστιν ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ τῆς νάπης τῆς Χοιρίου στάδια εἴκοσι μάλιστα ἀπέχουσα Ἀβία ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ πόλις.
In my time, there is in Messenia, about twenty stades distant from the Choerius glen, Abia, a city on the sea.
ταύτην Ἴρην καλεῖσθαι πάλαι καὶ τῶν ἑπτά φασιν εἶναι πόλεων, ἃς Ἀχιλλεῖ πεποίηκεν Ὅμηρος Ἀγαμέμνονα ὑπισχνούμενον.
They say that this was anciently called Ire, and was one of the seven cities which Homer represented Agamemnon as promising to Achilles.
Ὕλλου δὲ καὶ Δωριέων μάχῃ κρατηθέντων ὑπὸ Ἀχαιῶν, ἐνταῦθα Ἀβίαν Γλήνου τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τροφὸν ἀποχωρῆσαι λέγουσιν ἐς τὴν Ἴρην καὶ οἰκῆσαί τε αὐτόθι καὶ Ἡρακλέους ἱερὸν ἱδρύσασθαι, καί οἱ διὰ ταῦτα ὕστερον Κρεσφόντην ἄλλα τε γέρα νεῖμαι καὶ τῇ πόλει μεταθέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀβίας.
When Hyllus and the Dorians were defeated in battle by the Achaeans, they say that Abia, the nurse of Glenus, son of Heracles, withdrew here to Ire, settled there, and founded a sanctuary of Heracles, and that because of this, Cresphontes later assigned her other privileges and changed the name of the city after Abia.
Ἡρακλεῖον δὲ ἦν αὐτόθι ἐπιφανὲς καὶ Ἀσκληπιεῖον.
There was there a famous sanctuary of Heracles and one of Asclepius.
§4.30.2Φαραὶ δὲ ἀφεστήκασιν Ἀβίας σταδίους ἑβδομήκοντα, καὶ ὕδωρ κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν ἐστιν ἁλμυρόν· βασιλεὺς δὲ Αὔγουστος τοὺς ἐν Φαραῖς Μεσσηνίους συντελεῖν ἀπέταξεν ἐς τὸ Λακωνικόν.
Pharae is seventy stades distant from Abia, and there is salty water along the road; and the Emperor Augustus ordered the Messenians in Pharae to pay contributions to Laconia.
τὸν δὲ οἰκιστὴν Φᾶριν Ἑρμοῦ τε καὶ Φυλοδαμείας λέγουσιν εἶναι τῆς Δαναοῦ· Φάρει δὲ ἄρρενας μὲν οὔ φασι γενέσθαι, θυγατέρα δὲ Τηλεγόνην.
They say that Pharis, the founder, was a son of Hermes and Phylodameia, the daughter of Danaus; and they say that Pharis had no male children, but a daughter Telegone.
τοὺς δὲ ἐφεξῆς ἐγενεαλόγησεν Ὅμηρος ἐν Ἰλιάδι διδύμους Κρήθωνα καὶ Ὀρτίλοχον εἶναι Διοκλεῖ, Διοκλέα δὲ αὐτὸν Ὀρτιλόχου τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ· τὰ δὲ ἐς Τηλεγόνην παρεῖδεν, αὕτη γὰρ λόγῳ τῷ Μεσσηνίων ἐστὶν ἡ τεκοῦσα Ἀλφειῷ τὸν Ὀρτίλοχον.
Homer in the Iliad traced the genealogy of the next generation, stating that the twins Crethon and Ortilochus were born to Diocles, and Diocles himself was the son of Ortilochus, the son of Alpheus; but he overlooked the details concerning Telegone, for according to the account of the Messenians, she was the one who bore Ortilochus to Alpheus.
§4.30.3καὶ τάδε ἄλλα ἤκουσα ἐν Φαραῖς, Διοκλεῖ θυγατέρα ἐπὶ τοῖς διδύμοις παισὶν Ἀντίκλειαν γενέσθαι, τῆς δὲ Νικόμαχόν τε εἶναι καὶ Γόργασον, πατρὸς δὲ Μαχάονος τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ· τούτους καταμεῖναί τε αὐτοῦ καὶ ὡς ὁ Διοκλῆς ἐτελεύτησε τὴν βασιλείαν ἐκδέξασθαι.
And I heard these other things in Pharae: that Diocles had a daughter, Anticleia, besides his twin sons, and that she had Nicomachus and Gorgasus, their father being Machaon, the son of Asclepius; and that these remained there and succeeded to the kingship when Diocles died.
διαμεμένηκε δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐς τόδε ἔτι νοσήματά τε καὶ τοὺς πεπηρωμένους τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἰᾶσθαι· καί σφισιν ἀντὶ τούτων θυσίας ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ ἀναθήματα ἄγουσιν.
And they have retained even to this day the power to heal diseases and the maimed among men; and in return for this, people bring sacrifices and offerings to their sanctuary.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Τύχης ναὸς Φαραιάταις καὶ ἄγαλμα ἀρχαῖον.
There is also a temple of Tyche for the people of Pharae, and an ancient statue.
§4.30.4πρῶτος δὲ ὧν οἶδα ἐποιήσατο ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν Ὅμηρος Τύχης μνήμην· ἐποιήσατο δὲ ἐν ὕμνῳ τῷ ἐς τὴν Δήμητρα ἄλλας τε τῶν Ὠκεανοῦ θυγατέρας καταριθμούμενος, ὡς ὁμοῦ Κόρῃ τῇ Δήμητρος παίζοιεν, καὶ Τύχην ὡς Ὠκεανοῦ καὶ ταύτην παῖδα οὖσαν· καὶ οὕτως ἔχει τὰ ἔπη· "
ἡμεῖς μὲν μάλα πᾶσαι ἀνʼ ἱμερτὸν λειμῶνα,
Λευκίππη Φαινώ τε καὶ Ἠλέκτρη καὶ Ἰάνθη
Μηλόβοσίς τε Τύχη τε καὶ Ὠκυρόη καλυκῶπις. "
Homer was the first of those I know to make mention of Tyche in his verses; and he did so in the Hymn to Demeter, enumerating other daughters of Ocean, how they played together with Kore, the daughter of Demeter, and mentioning Tyche also as being a daughter of Ocean; and the verses run thus: "We, indeed, all of us in the lovely meadow, Leucippe and Phaeno and Electra and Ianthe, Melobosis and Tyche and Ocyrhoe, fair as a flower bud.
§4.30.5πέρα δὲ ἐδήλωσεν οὐδὲν ἔτι, ὡς ἡ θεός ἐστιν αὕτη μεγίστη θεῶν ἐν τοῖς ἀνθρωπίνοις πράγμασι καὶ ἰσχὺν παρέχεται πλείστην, ὥσπερ γε ἐν Ἰλιάδι ἐποίησεν Ἀθηνᾶν μὲν καὶ Ἐνυὼ πολεμούντων ἡγεμονίαν ἔχειν, Ἄρτεμιν δὲ γυναικῶν ὠδῖσιν εἶναι φοβερὰν, Ἀφροδίτῃ δὲ τὰ ἔργα μέλειν τῶν γάμων.
"But he showed nothing further, such as that this goddess is the greatest of deities in human affairs and wields the greatest power, just as in the Iliad he represented Athena and Enyo as having leadership over those at war, Artemis as being dread to women in childbirth, and Aphrodite as caring for the works of marriage.
ἀλλʼ οὗτος μὲν οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἐποίησεν ἐς τὴν Τύχην·
But he made no other representation concerning Tyche.
§4.30.6Βούπαλος δέ, ναούς τε οἰκοδομήσασθαι καὶ ζῷα ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς πλάσαι, Σμυρναίοις ἄγαλμα ἐργαζόμενος Τύχης πρῶτος ἐποίησεν ὧν ἴσμεν πόλον τε ἔχουσαν ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ καὶ τῇ ἑτέρᾳ χειρὶ τὸ καλούμενον Ἀμαλθείας κέρας ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων. οὗτος μὲν ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο ἐδήλωσε τῆς θεοῦ τὰ ἔργα·
But Bupalus, a man skilled in building temples and sculpting figures, when making a statue of Tyche for the Smyrnaeans, was the first of whom we know to represent her as having a polos on her head and in one of her hands what is called by the Greeks the Horn of Amaltheia.
ᾖσε δὲ καὶ ὕστερον Πίνδαρος ἄλλα τε ἐς τὴν Τύχην καὶ δὴ καὶ Φερέπολιν ἀνεκάλεσεν αὐτήν.
He indeed represented the works of the goddess to this extent; and later Pindar also sang other things about Tyche, and in particular called her Pherepolis.