§1.18.1τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τῶν Διοσκούρων ἐστὶν ἀρχαῖον, αὐτοί τε ἑστῶτες καὶ οἱ παῖδες καθήμενοί σφισιν ἐφʼ ἵππων.
The sanctuary of the Dioscuri is ancient, they themselves standing, and their sons seated on horses.
ἐνταῦθα Πολύγνωτος μὲν ἔχοντα ἐς αὐτοὺς ἔγραψε γάμον τῶν θυγατέρων τῶν Λευκίππου, Μίκων δὲ τοὺς μετὰ Ἰάσονος ἐς Κόλχους πλεύσαντας· καί οἱ τῆς γραφῆς ἡ σπουδὴ μάλιστα ἐς Ἄκαστον καὶ τοὺς ἵππους ἔχει τοὺς Ἀκάστου.
Here Polygnotus painted the marriage of the daughters of Leucippus, which related to them, and Micon painted those who sailed with Jason to the Colchians; and for Micon, the care in his painting is directed especially towards Acastus and the horses of Acastus.
§1.18.2ὑπὲρ δὲ τῶν Διοσκούρων τὸ ἱερὸν Ἀγλαύρου τέμενός ἐστιν.
Above the sanctuary of the Dioscuri is the precinct of Aglaurus.
Ἀγλαύρῳ δὲ καὶ ταῖς ἀδελφαῖς Ἕρσῃ καὶ Πανδρόσῳ δοῦναί φασιν Ἀθηνᾶν Ἐριχθόνιον καταθεῖσαν ἐς κιβωτόν, ἀπειποῦσαν ἐς τὴν παρακαταθήκην μὴ πολυπραγμονεῖν·
They say that Athena, having placed Erichthonius in a chest, gave him to Aglaurus and her sisters, Herse and Pandrosus, forbidding them to be inquisitive about what was entrusted to them.
Πάνδροσον μὲν δὴ λέγουσι πείθεσθαι, τὰς δὲ δύο—ἀνοῖξαι γὰρ σφᾶς τὴν κιβωτόν—μαίνεσθαί τε, ὡς εἶδον τὸν Ἐριχθόνιον, καὶ κατὰ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως, ἔνθα ἦν μάλιστα ἀπότομον, αὑτὰς ῥῖψαι.
They say that Pandrosus indeed obeyed, but the other two—for they opened the chest—went mad when they saw Erichthonius, and threw themselves down from the acropolis where it was most precipitous.
κατὰ τοῦτο ἐπαναβάντες Μῆδοι κατεφόνευσαν Ἀθηναίων τοὺς πλέον τι ἐς τὸν χρησμὸν ἢ Θεμιστοκλῆς εἰδέναι νομίζοντας καὶ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ξύλοις καὶ σταυροῖς ἀποτειχίσαντας.
At this point, the Medes, having climbed up, slaughtered those of the Athenians who thought they knew more about the oracle than Themistocles did, and had barricaded the acropolis with wooden palisades and stakes.
§1.18.3πλησίον δὲ πρυτανεῖόν ἐστιν, ἐν ᾧ νόμοι τε οἱ Σόλωνός εἰσι γεγραμμένοι καὶ θεῶν Εἰρήνης ἀγάλματα κεῖται καὶ Ἑστίας, ἀνδριάντες δὲ ἄλλοι τε καὶ Αὐτόλυκος ὁ παγκρατιαστής· τὰς γὰρ Μιλτιάδου καὶ Θεμιστοκλέους εἰκόνας ἐς Ῥωμαῖόν τε ἄνδρα καὶ Θρᾷκα μετέγραψαν.
Near is the Prytaneum, in which the laws of Solon are inscribed, and statues of the goddesses Peace (Eirene) and Hestia are placed, as well as other statues, including Autolycus the pancratiast; for they changed the inscriptions on the statues of Miltiades and Themistocles to a Roman man and a Thracian.
§1.18.4ἐντεῦθεν ἰοῦσιν ἐς τὰ κάτω τῆς πόλεως Σαράπιδός ἐστιν ἱερόν, ὃν Ἀθηναῖοι παρὰ Πτολεμαίου θεὸν ἐσηγάγοντο.
From here, as one goes to the lower parts of the city, there is a sanctuary of Sarapis, whom the Athenians introduced as a god from Ptolemy.
Αἰγυπτίοις δὲ ἱερὰ Σαράπιδος ἐπιφανέστατον μέν ἐστιν Ἀλεξανδρεῦσιν, ἀρχαιότατον δὲ ἐν Μέμφει· ἐς τοῦτο ἐσελθεῖν οὔτε ξένοις ἔστιν οὔτε τοῖς ἱερεῦσι, πρὶν ἂν τὸν Ἆπιν θάπτωσι.
Among the Egyptian sanctuaries of Sarapis, the most famous is that of the Alexandrians, and the oldest is in Memphis; into this latter it is not permitted for either foreigners or priests to enter until they bury Apis.
τοῦ δὲ ἱεροῦ τοῦ Σαράπιδος οὐ πόρρω χωρίον ἐστίν, ἔνθα Πειρίθουν καὶ Θησέα συνθεμένους ἐς Λακεδαίμονα καὶ ὕστερον ἐς Θεσπρωτοὺς σταλῆναι λέγουσι.
Not far from the sanctuary of Sarapis is a place where they say Pirithous and Theseus, having made an agreement, set out for Lacedaemon and later to the Thesprotians.
§1.18.5πλησίον δὲ ᾠκοδόμητο ναὸς Εἰλειθυίας, ἣν ἐλθοῦσαν ἐξ Ὑπερβορέων ἐς Δῆλον γενέσθαι βοηθὸν ταῖς Λητοῦς ὠδῖσι, τοὺς δὲ ἄλλους παρʼ αὐτῶν φασι τῆς Εἰλειθυίας μαθεῖν τὸ ὄνομα·
Near is built a temple of Eileithyia, who, they say, came from the dencenty of the Hyperboreans to Delos and became a helper to Leto in her labor pains; and they say that the others learned the name of Eileithyia from the Delians.
καὶ θύουσί τε Εἰλειθυίᾳ Δήλιοι καὶ ὕμνον ᾄδουσιν Ὠλῆνος.
And the Delians sacrifice to Eileithyia and sing a hymn of Olen.
Κρῆτες δὲ χώρας τῆς Κνωσσίας ἐν Ἀμνισῷ γενέσθαι νομίζουσιν Εἰλείθυιαν καὶ παῖδα Ἥρας εἶναι·
But the Cretans think that Eileithyia was born at Amnisus in the Knossian territory and is a child of Hera.
μόνοις δὲ Ἀθηναίοις τῆς Εἰλειθυίας κεκάλυπται τὰ ξόανα ἐς ἄκρους τοὺς πόδας.
Only for the Athenians are the wooden images (xoana) of Eileithyia draped to the tips of the feet.
τὰ μὲν δὴ δύο εἶναι Κρητικὰ καὶ Φαίδρας ἀναθήματα ἔλεγον αἱ γυναῖκες, τὸ δὲ ἀρχαιότατον Ἐρυσίχθονα ἐκ Δήλου κομίσαι.
The women said that two of them were Cretan and dedications of Phaedra, but the oldest Erysichthon brought from Delos.
§1.18.6πρὶν δὲ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν ἰέναι τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου —Ἀδριανὸς ὁ Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς τόν τε ναὸν ἀνέθηκε καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα θέας ἄξιον, οὗ μεγέθει μέν, ὅτι μὴ Ῥοδίοις καὶ Ῥωμαίοις εἰσὶν οἱ κολοσσοί, τὰ λοιπὰ ἀγάλματα ὁμοίως ἀπολείπεται, πεποίηται δὲ ἔκ τε ἐλέφαντος καὶ χρυσοῦ καὶ ἔχει τέχνης εὖ πρὸς τὸ μέγεθος ὁρῶσιν—, ἐνταῦθα εἰκόνες Ἀδριανοῦ δύο μέν εἰσι Θασίου λίθου, δύο δὲ Αἰγυπτίου·
Before entering the sanctuary of Olympian Zeus—Hadrian, the emperor of the Romans, dedicated both the temple and the statue, which is worth seeing, to which in size, except that the Rhodians and Romans have their colossi, other statues are likewise inferior; it is made of ivory and gold and shows good workmanship to those who look at its size—here there are statues of Hadrian, two of Thasian stone and two of Egyptian.
χαλκαῖ δὲ ἑστᾶσι πρὸ τῶν κιόνων ἃς Ἀθηναῖοι καλοῦσιν ἀποίκους πόλεις.
And bronze statues stand before the columns, which the Athenians call the colonial cities.
ὁ μὲν δὴ πᾶς περίβολος σταδίων μάλιστα τεσσάρων ἐστίν, ἀνδριάντων δὲ πλήρης· ἀπὸ γὰρ πόλεως ἑκάστης εἰκὼν Ἀδριανοῦ βασιλέως ἀνάκειται, καὶ σφᾶς ὑπερεβάλοντο Ἀθηναῖοι τὸν κολοσσὸν ἀναθέντες ὄπισθε τοῦ ναοῦ θέας ἄξιον.
The entire enclosure is about four stades, and is full of statues; for from every city a statue of the emperor Hadrian is dedicated, and the Athenians surpassed them by dedicating behind the temple a colossus worth seeing.
§1.18.7ἔστι δὲ ἀρχαῖα ἐν τῷ περιβόλῳ Ζεὺς χαλκοῦς καὶ ναὸς Κρόνου καὶ Ῥέας καὶ τέμενος Γῆς ἐπίκλησιν Ὀλυμπίας.
There are ancient things within the enclosure, a bronze Zeus, a temple of Cronus and Rhea, and a precinct of Earth (Ge) surnamed Olympia.
ἐνταῦθα ὅσον ἐς πῆχυν τὸ ἔδαφος διέστηκε, καὶ λέγουσι μετὰ τὴν ἐπομβρίαν τὴν ἐπὶ Δευκαλίωνος συμβᾶσαν ὑπορρυῆναι ταύτῃ τὸ ὕδωρ, ἐσβάλλουσί τε ἐς αὐτὸ ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος ἄλφιτα πυρῶν μέλιτι μίξαντες.
Here the ground is parted about a cubit, and they say that after the flood which happened in the time of Deucalion, the water flowed away through this opening; and every year they cast into it wheat meal mixed with honey.
§1.18.8κεῖται δὲ ἐπὶ κίονος Ἰσοκράτους ἀνδριάς, ὃς ἐς μνήμην τρία ὑπελίπετο, ἐπιπονώτατον μὲν ὅτι οἱ βιώσαντι ἔτη δυοῖν δέοντα ἑκατὸν οὔποτε κατελύθη μαθητὰς ἔχειν, σωφρονέστατον δὲ ὅτι πολιτείας ἀπεχόμενος διέμεινε καὶ τὰ κοινὰ οὐ πολυπραγμονῶν, ἐλευθερώτατον δὲ ὅτι πρὸς τὴν ἀγγελίαν τῆς ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ μάχης ἀλγήσας ἐτελεύτησεν ἐθελοντής.
And on a column stands a statue of Isocrates, who left behind three things for memory: the most laborious, that although he lived ninety-eight years, he never ceased to have pupils; the most temperate, that he continually abstained from politics and did not meddle in public affairs; the most liberal, that having been grieved at the news of the battle of Chaeronea, he ended his life voluntarily.
κεῖνται δὲ καὶ λίθου Φρυγίου Πέρσαι χαλκοῦν τρίποδα ἀνέχοντες, θέας ἄξιοι καὶ αὐτοὶ καὶ ὁ τρίπους.
And there are also Persians of Phrygian stone supporting a bronze tripod, worth seeing themselves and the tripod.
τοῦ δὲ Ὀλυμπίου Διὸς Δευκαλίωνα οἰκοδομῆσαι λέγουσι τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἱερόν, σημεῖον ἀποφαίνοντες ὡς Δευκαλίων Ἀθήνῃσιν ᾤκησε τάφον τοῦ ναοῦ τοῦ νῦν οὐ πολὺ ἀφεστηκότα.
And they say that Deucalion built the ancient sanctuary of Olympian Zeus, pointing out as a sign that Deucalion dwelt in Athens his tomb, which is not far from the present temple.
§1.18.9Ἀδριανὸς δὲ κατεσκευάσατο μὲν καὶ ἄλλα Ἀθηναίοις, ναὸν Ἥρας καὶ Διὸς Πανελληνίου καὶ θεοῖς τοῖς πᾶσιν ἱερὸν κοινόν, τὰ δὲ ἐπιφανέστατα ἑκατόν εἰσι κίονες Φρυγίου λίθου· πεποίηνται δὲ καὶ ταῖς στοαῖς κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ οἱ τοῖχοι.
Hadrian built also other things for the Athenians: a temple of Hera and of Zeus Panhellenios, and a sanctuary common to all the gods; but the most splendid are a hundred columns of Phrygian stone; and the walls for the colonnades are built in the same way.
καὶ οἰκήματα ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν ὀρόφῳ τε ἐπιχρύσῳ καὶ ἀλαβάστρῳ λίθῳ, πρὸς δὲ ἀγάλμασι κεκοσμημένα καὶ γραφαῖς· κατάκειται δὲ ἐς αὐτὰ βιβλία.
And there are rooms there with a gilded roof and alabaster stone, decorated moreover with statues and paintings; and books are laid up in them.
καὶ γυμνάσιόν ἐστιν ἐπώνυμον Ἀδριανοῦ· κίονες δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἑκατὸν λιθοτομίας τῆς Λιβύων.
And there is a gymnasium named after Hadrian; and here too are a hundred columns from the quarries of the Libyans.