§452τοιαύτην καὶ λαμπροὶ γεγονότες φύγοιεν ἂν, οἶμαι, ταπεινὸν οὕτω σχῆμα λαβεῖν, ὥστʼ ἐπὶ τὸν βάρβαρον καὶ κηλῖδα παλαιὰν ἐπανελθεῖν.
Having [won such a victory] and become illustrious, they would, I think, avoid taking so humble a posture as to return to the barbarian and to their ancient stain.
ὅλως δʼ οὐκ ἔχει λόγον ἡ ὑπόνοια αὕτη.
On the whole, this suspicion makes no sense.
ὅπου γάρ ἐστι δυοῖν θάτερον, ἢ κρατήσαντας αὐτοὺς ἄλλῳ κεκρατηκέναι καὶ καθʼ αὑτῶν, ἢ κρατηθέντας, ὅπερ καὶ πρότερον συνέβη, καταλειφθῆναι καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῖν εἶναι, πρὸς πότερον τούτων δέοιντʼ ἂν βασιλέως;
For where there is one of two things—either that, having conquered, they have been conquered through another even against themselves, or that, having been conquered (which is what happened before), they are abandoned and left in our power—for which of these two would they need the King?
καὶ μὴν νῦν μὲν ἐὰν πληγῶσι, προσδοκίαν τινὰ ἕξουσι διʼ ἡμῶν πάλιν σωθήσεσθαι, ὥσπερ αὐτούς τε ἔμπροσθεν καὶ νῦν τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους τοῦτο πεπονθότας εἰδότες.
And indeed, now, if they should receive a blow, they will have some expectation of being saved again through us, just as they will know that both themselves in the past and now the Lacedaemonians have suffered this.
ἔσονται· ἐὰν δὲ τὸν βάρβαρον καλέσαντες ἀποτύχωσιν, ἀπολούμενοι καθαρῶς ἐπίστανται.
But if, having called in the barbarian, they fail, they know they will perish utterly.
πῶς οὖν οὐχ ὃ τὴν μὲν νίκην καθαρὰν, τὴν δὲ συμφορὰν εὔελπιν αὐτοῖς παρίστησιν, αἱρήσονται καθʼ αὑτοὺς ἀγωνίζεσθαι μᾶλλον ἢ ὃ τὴν εὐτυχίαν ἀνόνητον ποιοῦν ἀνήκεστον ἕξει τὸ πρᾶγμα, τὸν βασιλέα κοινωνὸν παραλαβεῖν;
How then will they not choose to fight by themselves—which presents them with a pure victory and a hopeful misfortune—rather than to take the King as a partner, which makes success useless and will lead to an irremediable state of affairs?
εἶτα καὶ εἰς ἀνάγκην κατακέκλεινται τοῦ μηδʼ ἂν βούλωνται παραφρονῆσαι.
Furthermore, they are also locked into a necessity of not being able to act madly even if they wish to.
οἱ γὰρ νῦν μετʼ αὐτῶν ὄντες Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Ἀρκάδες, ἂν ἐπαγομένους αὐτοὺς τὸν βάρβαρον αἴσθωνται, εὔδηλόν ἐστιν ὡς οὐ μενοῦσιν, ἀλλʼ ὑπόψονται καὶ φυλάξονται, τοῦτο μὲν τὸν κίνδυνον εἰδότες ἔσχατον ἥξοντα αὐτοῖς, τοῦτο δὲ τὴν ἀδοξίαν, εἰ πρὸς ὃν πρότερον μετὰ τῶν τὰ δίκαια φρονούντων Ἑλλήνων παρετάττοντο, τοῦτον νῦν Θηβαίοις συνεπασκήσουσιν αὐτοί.
For the Eleans and Arcadians who are now with them, if they perceive them bringing in the barbarian, will clearly not remain, but will suspect and guard against them, knowing on the one hand that the extreme of danger will come upon them, and on the other, the disgrace, if they themselves should now assist the Thebans in support of the very one against whom they formerly drew up in battle alongside those Greeks who minded what was right.
μᾶλλον δή μοι δοκοῦσι Θηβαῖοι διὰ τοὺς ὑπάρχοντας νῦν συμμάχους ἀμελήσειν βασιλέως ἢ διʼ ἐκεῖνον τούτους παρόψεσθαι.
Thus, it seems to me, the Thebans are more likely to disregard the King on account of their present allies, than to overlook these allies for his sake.
ὅλως δὲ, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, εἰ νῦν σώων ὄντων Λακεδαιμονίων δεδοίκαμεν μὴ τῷ βασιλεῖ προσθῶνται Θηβαῖοι, τί ποιήσομεν ἡνίκʼ ἂν μηδὲ τούτους ἔτι κοινωνοὺς ἔχωμεν, ἀλλὰ μόνοι μεταξὺ Θηβαίων καὶ τῶν βαρβάρων ἀπολειφθῶμεν;
On the whole, Athenians, if now, while the Lacedaemonians are safe, we fear lest the Thebans should ally themselves with the King, what shall we do when we no longer even have them as partners, but are left alone between the Thebans and the barbarians?
εἰ μὲν γάρ ἐστί τις ὑμῖν ἐγγυητὴς ἰσχυρὸς, ὡς ἂν Θηβαῖοι Λακεδαιμονίους ἀνέλωσιν, οὐχ ὑμεῖς εὐθέως αὐτοῖς ὑποκείσεσθε, οὐδʼ ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ἥξουσι ταύτην· δεινὸν μὲν νὴ τὸν Δία τὸν ἐλευθέριον τὸν Πλαταιᾶσι καὶ τὰ μνήματα τῶν ἐκεῖ πεσόντων κοινῶν ἀμφοτέροις προγόνων περιιδεῖν τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων πόλιν ἐκπεσοῦσαν ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος, καὶ ταῦθʼ ὑπὸ Θηβαίων, οὐ μὴν ἀλλʼ ἔμοιγε τετολμήσθω τοῦτο τὸ §453ἀσέβημα τῷ λόγῳ, προώμεθα, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, καὶ περιίδωμεν μηδένα ὑπόλογον θέμενοι, βούλεσθε εἴπω καὶ συνεξέλωμεν;
For if you have some strong guarantor that, if the Thebans destroy the Lacedaemonians, you will not immediately become subject to them, nor will they come against this city—though indeed, by Zeus the Deliverer at Plataea and the tombs of our ancestors who fell there, common to both of us, it is a terrible thing to allow the city of the Lacedaemonians to be cast out from Greece, and that too by the Thebans; nevertheless, let me dare this impiety in speech: let us abandon them, Athenians, and let us overlook them, making no account of them; do you wish me to say, let us even help to destroy them?
ἢ τοῦτο μὲν οὐδαμῶς;
Or is this absolutely out of the question?
εἰ δʼ οὐδέπω τοσαύτην οἰκειότητα καὶ συνήθειαν ἔχει τὰ πρὸς ἡμᾶς πεπραγμένα Θηβαίοις, ὥστʼ εἶναι μείζω καὶ πλείω τῶν πρότερον πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους αὐτοῖς ὑπαρχόντων, ὧν νῦν εἰσι πόρρω τοῦ μεμνῆσθαι, εὐτυχίας δὲ οὐδεὶς κόρος ἐστὶν ἀνθρώποις, ἀλλʼ οἱ τὰ μέγιστα κατορθώσαντες μεγίστων γλίχονται, δυναστείας τε ἐπιθυμοῦντας πολὺ μᾶλλον τὴν ἡμετέραν πόλιν ἢ τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων εἰκός ἐστιν αὐτοὺς δεδιέναι καὶ διὰ φρόνημα καὶ διʼ ἐμπειρίαν πραγμάτων καὶ διʼ ὀξύτητα καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ πᾶσι παρουσίαν ἄοκνον, τοῦτο δʼ ὑπειληφότας ἐκποδὼν ποιῆσαι ζητεῖν ἕπεται, ἐφʼ ἅπασί τε πίστις ἀκριβὴς οὐχ ἡ μὴ βουλήσεσθαί τινα ἀδικήσειν, ἀλλʼ ἡ μηδʼ ἂν βούλωνται δυνήσεσθαι παριστᾶσα·
But if what has been done by the Thebans towards us has not yet brought about such intimacy and familiarity as to be greater and more abundant than what previously existed between them and the Lacedaemonians—of which they are now far from remembering—and if there is no satiety of good fortune for humans, but those who have achieved the greatest successes long for the greatest things, and if, since they desire dominion, it is natural for them to fear our city much more than that of the Lacedaemonians, both because of our pride, our experience in affairs, our quickness, and our tireless presence in everything, and if, having assumed this, it follows that they will seek to put us out of the way, and if above all, precise security is not that which shows that someone will not wish to do wrong, but that which shows that they will not be able to do so even if they wish—if these things appear so, what prevents us from saving the Lacedaemonians and at the same time making our city secure, and gaining a reputation for humanity, magnanimity, and courage?
εἰ ταῦθʼ οὕτω φαίνεται, τί κωλύει Λακεδαιμονίους ὁμοῦ σώζειν καὶ τὴν πόλιν διʼ ἀσφαλείας ποιεῖσθαι καὶ δόξαν φιλανθρωπίας, μεγαλοψυχίας, ἀνδρείας προσλαβεῖν; ἐν γὰρ τῷ σῶσαι μὴ μνησικακήσαντας τρία ταῦτʼ ἐστὶν εἰς φιλοτιμίαν τείνοντα.
For in saving them without bearing grudges, there are these three things tending towards honor.
πρὸς τοίνυν τὸ μὴ παρεῖναι Λακεδαιμονίους ὑπὸ τὴν αὐτὴν τύχην ἡμῖν, καὶ τῇ μὲν ψήφῳ δεῖν σῶσαι, τοῖς δὲ ὅπλοις ἀπολέσαι, καὶ πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ἀκριβολογίαν, μᾶλλον δʼ ἀπορίαν, ὀκνῶ γὰρ εἰπεῖν ἀποπληξίαν, οὐ χαλεπὸν εὑρεῖν ἁπλοῦν καὶ σαφῆ λόγον.
To meet the objection, then, that we should not allow the Lacedaemonians to come under the same fortune as ourselves—saving them with our vote but destroying them with our weapons—and against this over-subtlety, or rather embarrassment (for I hesitate to call it mental paralysis), it is not difficult to find a simple and clear reply.
εἰ μὲν ἦν, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, ταμιεύσασθαι, καὶ μέχρι τούτου κακῶς διαθεῖναι παρὰ τὸν πόλεμον αὐτοὺς, μέχρι τοῦ πρὸς σύμβασιν ἐγχωρεῖν διατηρῆσαι, τάχα ἂν ταῦτά τις ἤκουσεν·
If, Athenians, it were possible to ration the war, and to afflict them during it only up to this point—preserving them just enough to allow room for a compromise—perhaps someone might have listened to these arguments.
οὐκ ὄντος δʼ ἐφʼ ἡμῖν οὕτω τὸν πόλεμον τεμεῖν, τί ποιήσομεν, ἐὰν ἅπαξ ὑπερβάλωμεν;
But since it is not in our power to slice up the war in this way, what shall we do if we once go too far?
ἢ μεταγνωσόμεθα;
Or shall we change our minds?
καὶ τί πλέον τοῦ καιροῦ παρελθόντος;
And what will be the use of that, once the opportunity has passed?
ἐπεὶ καὶ νῦν μία δή που μάχη πάντʼ αὐτοὺς ἀφῄρηται, τοὺς συμμάχους, τοὺς εἵλωτας, τὴν παρὰ τῶν περιοίκων πίστιν, ἁπλῶς τὴν τάξιν ἐφʼ ἧς βεβηκότες ἦσαν.
Since even now, as you well know, a single battle has stripped them of everything—their allies, their helots, the loyalty of the perioikoi, in short, the very system upon which they stood.
τὸ δὲ προσπταῖσαι τοῖς σαθροῖς ῥᾳδίαν ποιεῖ τὴν αἴσθησιν.
And to stumble when things are already rotten makes the realization of ruin easy.
ἂν οὖν πάλιν ἄλλην μάχην μίαν κρατηθῶσιν οἱ λοιποὶ, τί κωλύει μιᾶς ἡμέρας
If, therefore, those who remain are defeated in yet one more battle, what is to prevent, in a single day, [their complete destruction]?