§9.5.9τοῦ δὲ Σπερχειοῦ μεμνημένος πολλάκις ὡς ἐπιχωρίου ποταμοῦ, τὰς πηγὰς ἔχοντος ἐκ Τυφρηστοῦ Δρυοπικοῦ ὄρους, τοῦ καλουμένου ότερον, ἐκδιδόντος δὲ πλησίον Θερμοπυλῶν μεταξὺ αὐτῶν καὶ Λαμίας, δηλοῖ ὅτι καὶ τὰ ἐντὸς πυλῶν ὅσα τοῦ Μαλιακοῦ κόλπου καὶ τὰ ἐκτὸς ὑπʼ ἐκείνῳ ἦν·
And by mentioning the Spercheius many times as a river of his own country, having its sources in Typhrestus, a Dryopian mountain as it was formerly called, and emptying near Thermopylae, between them and Lamia, the poet shows that both the places inside the Pass, as many as belong to the Maliac Gulf, and those outside, were under him.
ἀπέχει δὲ Λαμίας ὁ Σπερχειὸς περὶ τριάκοντα σταδίους ὑπερκειμένης πεδίου τινὸς καθήκοντος ἐπὶ τὸν Μαλιακὸν κόλπον·
The Spercheius is about thirty stadia distant from Lamia, which lies above a certain plain stretching down to the Maliac Gulf.
ὅτι δʼ ὁ Σπερχειὸς ἐπιχώριος, ἔκ τε τοῦ τρέφειν ἐκείνῳ τὴν κόμην φάσκειν καὶ τοῦ τὸν Μενέσθιον, ἕνα τῶν λοχαγῶν αὐτοῦ, Σπερχειοῦ λέγεσθαι παῖδα καὶ τῆς ἀδελφῆς τῆς Ἀχιλλέως.
And that the Spercheius was his local river is clear both from his saying that he was growing his hair for it, and from Menesthius, one of his captains, being said to be the son of Spercheius and the sister of Achilles.
Μυρμιδόνας δʼ εἰκὸς καλεῖσθαι πάντας τοὺς ὑπὸ τῷ Ἀχιλλεῖ καὶ τῷ Πατρόκλῳ, οἳ συνηκολούθησαν ἐξ Αἰγίνης φεύγοντι τῷ Πηλεῖ.
And it is probable that all those under Achilles and Patroclus were called Myrmidons, who accompanied Peleus when he fled from Aegina.
Ἀχαιοὶ δʼ ἐκαλοῦντο οἱ Φθιῶται πάντες.
And all the Phthians were called Achaeans.
§9.5.10διαριθμοῦνται δὲ τὰς ὑπὸ τῷ Φθιωτικῷ τέλει τῷ ὑπʼ Ἀχιλλεῖ κατοικίας Μαλιέων ἀρξάμενοι πλείους μέν, ἐν δʼ αὐταῖς Θήβας τὰς Φθιώτιδας Ἐχῖνον Λάμιαν, περὶ ἣν ὁ Λαμιακὸς συνέστη πόλεμος Μακεδόσι καὶ Ἀντιπάτρῳ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους· ἐν ᾧ Λεωσθένης τε ἔπεσε τῶν Ἀθηναίων στρατηγός, ὁ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ βασιλέως ἑταῖρος.
Those who enumerate the settlements under the Phthiotic division that was under Achilles, beginning from the Malians, count rather many of them, and among them Phthiotic Thebes, Echinus, and Lamia, near which the Lamian War arose for the Macedonians and Antipater against the Athenians; in which war Leosthenes fell, the general of the Athenians, who had been a companion of King Alexander.
ιον Ἐρινεὸν Κορώνειαν, ὁμώνυμον τῇ Βοιωτικῇ, Μελίταιαν Θαυμακοὺς Πρόερναν Φάρσαλον Ἐρέτριαν, ὁμώνυμον τῇ Εὐβοϊκῇ, Παραχελωίτας καὶ τούτους ὁμωνύμους τοῖς Αἰτωλικοῖς· καὶ γὰρ ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν Ἀχελῶος ποταμὸς πλησίον Λαμίας, παρʼ ὃν οἰκοῦσιν οἱ Παραχελωῖται.
And also [...], Erineus, Coroneia, homonymous with the Boeotian city, Meliteia, Thaumacoi, Proerna, Pharsalus, Eretria, homonymous with the Euboean city, and the Paracheloitae, these too being homonymous with the Aetolian ones; for here too there is an Achelous river near Lamia, along which the Paracheloitae dwell.
παρέτεινε δʼ ἡ χώρα αὕτη πρὸς ἄρκτον μὲν τῇ τῶν Ἀσκληπλιστα προσεσπερίων καὶ τῇ Εὐρυπύλου καὶ Πρωτεσιλάου, ταῖς πρὸς ἕω κεκλιμέναις, πρὸς νότον δὲ τῇ Οἰταίᾳ εἰς τετταρεσκαίδεκα δήμους διῃρημένῃ, Ἡράκλειάν τε καὶ τὴν Δρυοπίδα, τετράπολιν γεγονυῖάν ποτε καθάπερ καὶ τὴν Δωρίδα, μητρόπολιν δὲ τῶν ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ Δρυόπων νομιζομένην.
And this country extended, towards the north, to the territory of the western Asclepiadae and to that of Eurypylus and Protesilaus, which incline towards the east; and towards the south, to Oetaea, which is divided into fourteen demes, and to Heracleia and Dryopis, which was once a tetrapolis just like Doris, and is considered the mother-land of the Dryopians in the Peloponnese.
τῆς δʼ Οἰταίας καὶ ὁ Ἀκύφας ἐστὶ καὶ Παρασωπιὰς καὶ Οἰνειάδαι καὶ Ἀντικύρα, ὁμώνυμος τῇ ἐν Λοκροῖς τοῖς ἑσπερίοις.
To Oetaea belong also Acyphas, Parasopia, Oeneiadae, and Anticyra, homonymous with the one among the Western Locrians.
λέγω δὲ τὰς διατάξεις ταύτας οὐκ ἀεὶ μεμενηκυίας τὰς αὐτάς, ἀλλὰ ποικίλως μεταβεβλημένας· αἱ δʼ ἐπισημόταται μάλιστα ἄξιαι μνήμης εἰσί.
But I speak of these arrangements as not having always remained the same, but having changed in various ways; yet the most famous are especially worthy of mention.
§9.5.11τοὺς δὲ Δόλοπας φράζει καὶ ὁ ποιητὴς ἱκανῶς ὅτι ἐπὶ ταῖς ἐσχατιαῖς εἰσι τῆς Φθίας, καὶ ὅτι ὑπὸ τῷ αὐτῷ ἡγεμόνι ἦσαν τῷ Πηλεῖ οὗτοί τε καὶ οἱ Φθιῶται· ἔναιον γάρ, φησίν, ἐσχατιὴν Φθίης Δολόπεσσιν ἀνάσσων, δόντος τοῦ Πηλέως.
And concerning the Dolopians, the poet also sufficiently indicates that they are at the extremities of Phthia, and that both they and the Phthians were under the same ruler, Peleus; for he says, "I dwelt at the extremity of Phthia, ruling over the Dolopians," Peleus having given it.
γειτνιᾷ δὲ τῇ Πίνδῳ καὶ τοῖς περὶ αὐτὴν χωρίοις Θετταλικοῖς οὖσι τοῖς πλείστοις.
And it is adjacent to Pindus and the territories around it, most of which are Thessalian.
διὰ γὰρ τὴν ἐπιφάνειάν τε καὶ τὴν ἐπικράτειαν τῶν Θετταλῶν καὶ τῶν Μακεδόνων οἱ πλησιάζοντες αὐτοῖς μάλιστα τῶν Ἠπειρωτῶν, οἱ μὲν ἑκόντες οἱ δʼ ἄκοντες, μέρη καθίσταντο Θετταλῶν ἢ Μακεδόνων, καθάπερ Ἀθαμᾶνες καὶ Αἴθικες καὶ Τάλαρες Θετταλῶν, Ὀρέσται δὲ καὶ Πελαγόνες καὶ Ἐλιμιῶται Μακεδόνων.
For because of the fame and the power of the Thessalians and the Macedonians, those of the Epirotes who lived closest to them became, some voluntarily and others involuntarily, parts of the Thessalians or the Macedonians; just as the Athamanes, Aethices, and Talares became parts of the Thessalians, and the Orestae, Pelagones, and Elimiotae of the Macedonians.
§9.5.12ἡ δὲ Πίνδος ὄρος ἐστὶ μέγα, πρὸς ἄρκτον μὲν τὴν Μακεδόνων, πρὸς ἑσπέραν δὲ Περραιβοὺς μετανάστας ἀνθρώπους, πρὸς δὲ μεσημβρίαν Δόλοπας, αὕτη δʼ ἐστὶ τῆς Θετταλίας·
And Pindus is a great mountain, [having] to the north the [territory] of the Macedonians, to the west the Perrhaebi (a migrant people), and to the south the Dolopians; and this latter belongs to Thessaly.
ἐπʼ αὐτῇ δὲ τῇ Πίνδῳ ᾤκουν Τάλαρες Μολοττικὸν φῦλον, τῶν περὶ τὸν Τόμαρον ἀπόσπασμα, καὶ Αἴθικες, οὓς ἐξελαθῆναί φησιν ὑπὸ Πειρίθου τοὺς Κενταύρους ὁ ποιητής· ἐκλελοιπέναι δὲ νῦν ἱστοροῦνται.
And on Pindus itself dwelt the Talares, a Molossian tribe, a branch of those around Tomarus, and the Aethices, to whom the poet says the Centaurs were driven by Pirithous; and they are reported to have now disappeared.
τὴν δʼ ἔκλειψιν διττῶς ἀκουστέον· ἢ γὰρ ἀφανισθέντων τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ τῆς χώρας τελέως ἠρημωμένης, ἢ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ ἐθνικοῦ μηκέτι ὄντος, μηδὲ τοῦ συστήματος διαμένοντος τοιούτου.
And this disappearance must be understood in two ways: either that the people vanished and the country was completely deserted, or that the ethnic name no longer exists, nor does their political organization continue as such.
ὅταν οὖν ἄσημον τελέως ᾖ τὸ λειπόμενον νυνὶ σύστημα, οὐκ ἄξιον μνήμης τίθεμεν οὔτʼ αὐτὸ οὔτε τοὔνομα τὸ μεταληφθέν, ὅταν δʼ ἔχῃ τοῦ μεμνῆσθαι δικαίαν πρόφασιν, λέγειν ἀναγκαῖον τὴν μεταβολήν.
Whenever, therefore, the political organization that now remains is completely obscure, we do not consider either it or its changed name worthy of mention; but when it has a just cause for being mentioned, it is necessary to describe the change.