§8.3.19ὑπὸ τούτοις ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ παραλίᾳ δύο ἄντρα, τὸ μὲν νυμφῶν Ἀνιγριάδων τὸ δὲ ἐν ᾧ τὰ περὶ τὰς Ἀτλαντίδας καὶ τὴν Δαρδάνου γένεσιν.
Under these (the mountains of the Paroreatai) on the coast are two caves, one of the Anigriades nymphs, and the other in which took place the stories concerning the Atlantides and the birth of Dardanus.
ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ τὰ ἄλση τό τε Ἰωναῖον καὶ τὸ Εὐρυκύδειον.
And there too are the groves, both the Ionian and the Eurycydeian.
τὸ μὲν οὖν Σαμικὸν ἔστιν ἔρυμα, πρότερον δὲ καὶ πόλις Σάμος προσαγορευομένη διὰ τὸ ὕψος ἴσως, ἐπειδὴ Σάμους ἐκάλουν τὰ ὕψη· τάχα δὲ τῆς Ἀρήνης ἀκρόπολις ἦν τοῦτο, ἧς ἐν τῷ καταλόγῳ μέμνηται ὁ ποιητής
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οἳ δὲ Πύλον τʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Ἀρήνην ἐρατεινήν. "
οὐδαμοῦ γὰρ σαφῶς εὑρίσκοντες ἐνταῦθα μάλιστα εἰκάζουσι τὴν Ἀρήνην, ὅπου καὶ ὁ παρακείμενος Ἄνιγρος ποταμός, καλούμενος πρότερον Μινύειος, δίδωσιν οὐ μικρὸν σημεῖον· λέγει γὰρ ὁ ποιητής
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ἔστι δέ τις ποταμὸς Μινυήιος εἰς ἅλα βάλλων
ἐγγύθεν Ἀρήνης. "
πρὸς γὰρ δὴ τῷ ἄντρῳ τῶν Ἀνιγριάδων νυμφῶν ἐστι πηγή, ὑφʼ ἧς ἕλειον καὶ τιφῶδες τὸ ὑποπῖπτον γίνεται χωρίον· ὑποδέχεται δὲ τὸ πλεῖστον τοῦ ὕδατος ὁ Ἄνιγρος βαθὺς καὶ ὕπτιος ὢν ὥστε λιμνάζειν· θινώδης δʼ ὢν ὁ τόπος ἐξ εἴκοσι σταδίων βαρεῖαν ὀσμὴν παρέχει καὶ τοὺς ἰχθῦς ἀβρώτους ποιεῖ.
Now Samikon is a stronghold, but formerly it was also a city called Samos, perhaps because of its height, since they used to call heights "samoi"; and perhaps this was the acropolis of Arene, which the poet mentions in the Catalogue: "And those who dwelt in Pylos and lovely Arene." For, finding it clearly nowhere else, they conjecture that Arene was especially here, where also the adjacent river Anigros, formerly called Minyeios, provides no small sign; for the poet says: "And there is a certain river Minyeios emptying into the sea near Arene." For near the cave of the Anigriades nymphs is a spring, by which the ground lying below becomes marshy and swampy; and the Anigros receives most of the water, being deep and sluggish so that it forms a lake; and the place being sandy, for twenty stades it emits a heavy smell and makes the fish inedible.
μυθεύουσι δʼ οἱ μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ τῶν τετρωμένων Κενταύρων τινὰς ἐνταῦθʼ ἀπονίψασθαι τὸν ἐκ τῆς Ὕδρας ἰόν, οἱ δʼ ἀπὸ τοῦ Μελάμποδα τοῖς ὕδασι τούτοις καθαρσίοις χρήσασθαι πρὸς τὸν τῶν Προιτίδων καθαρμόν· ἀλφοὺς δὲ καὶ λεύκας καὶ λειχῆνας ἰᾶται τὸ ἐντεῦθεν λουτρόν.
And some mythologize that some of the wounded Centaurs washed off here the poison from the Hydra, others that Melampous used these waters as purifying agents for the purification of the daughters of Proetus; and bathing there cures alphos, white leprosy, and lichens.
φασὶ δὲ καὶ τὸν Ἀλφειὸν ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν ἀλφῶν θεραπείας οὕτως ὠνομάσθαι.
And they say that the Alpheios too was so named from the cure of alphos.
ἐπεὶ οὖν ἥ τε ὑπτιότης τοῦ Ἀνίγρου καὶ αἱ ἀνακοπαὶ τῆς θαλάττης μονὴν μᾶλλον ἢ ῥύσιν παρέχουσι τοῖς ὕδασι, Μινυήιόν φασιν εἰρῆσθαι πρότερον, παρατρέψαι δέ τινας τοὔνομα καὶ ἀντʼ αὐτοῦ ποιῆσαι Μινυήιον.
Since, therefore, the sluggishness of the Anigros and the backwash of the sea cause the waters to stand rather than flow, they say that it was formerly called Minyeion (tarrying), but some distorted the name and in place of it made it "Minyeios".
ἔχει δʼ ἡ ἐτυμότης καὶ ἄλλας ἀφορμάς, εἴτʼ ἀπὸ τῶν μετὰ Χλωρίδος τῆς Νέστορος μητρὸς ἐλθόντων ἐξ Ὀρχομενοῦ τοῦ Μινυείου, Μινυῶν, οἳ τῶν Ἀργοναυτῶν ἀπόγονοι ὄντες ἐκ Λήμνου μὲν εἰς Λακεδαίμονα ἐξέπεσον ἐντεῦθεν δʼ εἰς τὴν Τριφυλίαν, καὶ ᾤκησαν περὶ τὴν Ἀρήνην ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ νῦν Αἰπασίᾳ καλουμένῃ, οὐκ ἐχούσῃ οὐκέτι τὰ τῶν Μινυῶν κτίσματα· ὧν τινὲς μετὰ Θήρα τοῦ Αὐτεσίωνος (ἦν δʼ οὗτος Πολυνείκους ἀπόγονος) πλεύσαντες εἰς τὴν μεταξὺ Κυρηναίας καὶ τῆς Κρήτης νῆσον
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καλλίστην τὸ πάροιθε, τὸ δʼ ὕστερον οὔνομα Θήρην,
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ὥς φησι Καλλίμαχος, ἔκτισαν τὴν μητρόπολιν τῆς Κυρήνης Θήραν, ὁμώνυμον δʼ ἀπέδειξαν τῇ πόλει καὶ τὴν νῆσον.
And the etymology has other starting points, whether from the Minyans who came with Chloris, the mother of Nestor, from Orchomenos of the Minyans, who, being descendants of the Argonauts, were driven out of Lemnos to Lacedaemon, and from there into Triphylia, and settled around Arene in the country now called Aipasia, which no longer has the settlements of the Minyans; some of whom, having sailed with Theras the son of Autesion (who was a descendant of Polyneikes) to the island between Cyrenaica and Crete, "the fairest in former times, but later named Thera," as Callimachus says, founded Thera, the mother-city of Cyrene, and made the island homonymous with the city.
§8.3.20μεταξὺ δὲ τοῦ Ἀνίγρου καὶ τοῦ ὄρους, ἐξ οὗ ῥεῖ, ὁ τοῦ Ἰαρδάνου λειμὼν δείκνυται καὶ τάφος· καὶ Ἀχαιαὶ εἰσὶ δὲ πέτραι ἀπότομοι τοῦ αὐτοῦ ὄρους, ὑπὲρ ὧν ἡ Σάμος, ὡς ἔφαμεν, γέγονε πόλις· οὐ πάνυ δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν τοὺς περίπλους γραψάντων ἡ Σάμος μνημονεύεται, τάχα μέν γε διὰ τὸ πάλαι κατεσπάσθαι, τάχα δὲ καὶ διὰ τὴν θέσιν.
Between the Anigros and the mountain from which it flows, the meadow and tomb of Iardanos are shown; and there are also the Achaias, steep rocks of the same mountain, above which Samos, as we said, was established as a city; Samos is not at all mentioned by those who wrote the coastal voyages, perhaps indeed because it was destroyed long ago, and perhaps also because of its position.
τὸ μὲν γὰρ ποσείδιον ἔστιν ἄλσος, ὡς εἴρηται, πρὸς τῇ θαλάττῃ· ὑπέρκειται δʼ αὐτοῦ λόφος ὑψηλὸς ἐπίπροσθεν ὢν τοῦ νῦν Σαμικοῦ ἐφʼ οὗ ἦν ἡ Σάμος, ὥστʼ ἐκ θαλάττης μὴ ὁρᾶσθαι.
For the Poseidion is a grove, as has been said, near the sea; and above it lies a high hill, which is in front of the present Samikon, on which Samos used to be, so that it is not visible from the sea.
καὶ πεδίον δʼ αὐτόθι καλεῖται Σαμικόν· ἐξ οὗ πλέον ἄν τις τεκμαίροιτο ὑπάρξαι ποτὲ πόλιν τὴν Σάμον.
And a plain there is also called Samikon; from which one might further infer that Samos was once a city.
καὶ ἡ Ῥαδίνη δὲ ἣν Στησίχορος ποιῆσαι δοκεῖ (ἧς ἀρχή
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ἄγε Μοῦσα λίγειʼ, ἄρξον ἀοιδᾶς, Ἐρατώ, νόμους
Σαμίων περὶ παίδων ἐρατᾷ φθεγγομένα λύρᾳ
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ἐντεῦθεν λέγει τοὺς παῖδας.
And Radine too, which Stesichorus seems to have composed (the beginning of which is: "Come, clear-voiced Muse Erato, begin the song, speaking of the strains of the Samian youth on the lovely lyre"), speaks of the youth as being from here.
ἐκδοθεῖσαν γὰρ τὴν Ῥαδίνην εἰς Κόρινθον τυράννῳ φησὶν ἐκ τῆς Σάμου πλεῦσαι πνέοντος ζεφύρου, οὐ δήπουθεν τῆς Ἰωνικῆς Σάμου· δʼ αὐτῷ ἀνέμῳ καὶ ἀρχιθέωρον εἰς Δελφοὺς ελφὸν αὐτῆς ἐλθεῖν καὶ τὸν ἀνεψιὸν ἐρῶντα αὐτῆς ἅρματι εἰς Κόρινθον ἐξορμῆσαι παρʼ αὐτήν· ὅ τε τύραννος κτείνας ἀμφοτέρους ἅρματι ἀποπέμπει τὰ σώματα, μεταγνοὺς δʼ ἀνακαλεῖ καὶ θάπτει.
For he says that Radine, having been given in marriage to a tyrant in Corinth, sailed from Samos when the west wind was blowing — surely not from the Ionian Samos; and that by the same wind her brother also went to Delphi as a sacred envoy, and her cousin, who was in love with her, set out by chariot to Corinth to her; and the tyrant, having killed them both, sent their bodies back in a chariot, but having repented, recalled them and buried them.